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Dissemination:Introducingtheproemialrelationship

ThinkArtLabHogmanay2004

ThinkArtLabAnimation:A.T.Kelemen

November12,1998Dr.RudolfKaehr

Dissemination:Introducingthe
proemialrelationship
Therearemanywaysofcombiningabstractobjectsorinstitutions.For
example,giventwoinstitutionsINS1andINS2which,
intuitively,areindependentwecanformtheirproduct.This
productinstitutionhasallpairsofsignaturesfromINS1and
INS2,respectively,asmodels,andsentenceswhichareeither
sentencesfromINS1orfromINS2withtheobvious
satisfactionrelation."Cat.,p.357
Itisshown,thatthecategoryofinstitutionsiscomplete.
Theideaofdisseminationtriestoexplicateandformalizeaquite
differentintuitionofcombininginstitutionswhichisnotproducing
diversityandmultiplicitybycombiningabasicsystemasaproductor
sumorwhateverconstructionbutintroducesmultipledifferencesin
theveryconceptofthebasicsystemitself.Afterthisconstructiona
polylogicalorpolycontexturalsystemcanbecombinedinmanyways.
Thisideaofmultitudesofbasicdifferencesinthenotionofformality,
takenseriously,isinfundamentalcontrasttotheexistingconceptsof
formalityinmathematics.Obviosly,thesemultitudesaremore
fundamentalthanalltypesofmanysortedtheories,ortypedlogics,or
pluralitiesofregionalontologies,domainsandcontexts.

1Theideaofproemiality
Averyfirststepinthisdirectionwasmadebythephilosopher
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GotthardGuntherwithhisideaofaproemialrelationship"
introducedinhispaperCognitionandVolition"(1970)abouta
CyberneticTheoryofSubjectivity.
Inordertoobtainageneralformulafortheconnection
betweencognitionandvolitionwewillhavetoaskafinal
question.Itis:Howcouldthedistinctionbetweenformand
contentbereflectedinanysortoflogicalalgorithmifthe
classictraditionoflogicinsiststhatinalllogicalrelationsthat
areusedinabstractcalculithedivisionbetweenformand
contentisabsolute?Theansweris:wehavetointroducean
operator(notadmissibleinclassiclogic)whichexchangesform
andcontent.Inordertodosowehavetodistinguishclearly
betweenthreebasicconcepts.Wemustnotconfuse
arelation
arelationship(therelator)
therelatum.
Therelataaretheentitieswhichareconnectedbya
relationship,therelator,andthetotalofarelationshipandthe
relataformsarelation.Thelatterconsequentlyincludesboth,a
relatorandtherelata.
However,ifwelettherelatorassumetheplaceofarelatumthe
exchangeisnotmutual.Therelatormaybecomearelatum,not
intherelationforwhichitformerlyestablishedthe
relationship,butonlyrelativetoarelationshipofhigherorder.
Andviceversatherelatummaybecomearelator,notwithin
therelationinwhichithasfiguredasarelationalmemberor
relatumbutonlyrelativetorelataoflowerorder.
If:
Ri+1(xi,yi)isgivenandtherelaturn(xory)becomesa
relator,weobtain
Ri(xi1,yi1)whereRi=xioryi.Butiftherelator
becomesarelatum,weobtain
Ri+2(xi+1,yi+1)whereRi+1=xi+1oryi+1.Thesubscripti
signifieshigheror
lowerlogicalorders.
Weshallcallthisconnection
betweenrelatorandrelatumthe
'proemial'relationship,forit'pre
faces'thesymmetricalexchange
relationandtheorderedrelation
andforms,asweshallsee,their
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commonbasis."
Neitherexchangenorordered
relationwouldbeconceivabletous
unlessoursubjectivitycould
establisharelationshipbetweena
relatoringeneralandanindividual
relatum.Thustheproemial
relationshipprovidesadeeper
foundationoflogicasanabstract
potentialfromwhichtheclassic
relationsofsymmetricalexchange
andproportionedorderemerge.
Itdoesso,becausetheproemialrelationshipconstitutes
relationassuchitdefinesthedifferencebetweenrelationand
unityor,whichisthesamebetweenadistinctionandwhat
isdistinguished,whichisagainthesameasthedifference
betweensubjectandobject.
Itshouldbeclearfromwhathasbeensaidthattheproemial
relationshipcrossesthedistinctionbetweenformandmatter,it
relativizestheirdifferencewhatismatter(content)may
becomeform,andwhatisformmaybereducedtothestatusof
meremateriality"."
Westatedthattheproemialrelationshippresentsitselfasan
interlockingmechanismofexchangeandorder.Thisgaveus
theopportunitytolookatitinadoubleway.Wecaneithersay
thatproemialityisanexchangefoundedonorderbutsincethe
orderisonlyconstitutedbythefactthattheexchangeeither
transportsarelator(asrelatum)toacontextofhigherlogical
complexitiesordemotesarelatumtoalowerlevel,wecanalso
defineproemialityasanorderedrelationonthebaseofan
exchange.Ifweapplythattotherelationwhichasystemof
subjectivityhaswithitsenvironmentwemaysaythat
cognitionandvolitionareforasubjectexchangeableattitudes
toestablishcontactbutalsokeepdistancefromtheworldinto
whichitisborn.Buttheexchangeisnotadirectone.
Ifweswitchinthesummerfromoursnowskistowaterskis
andinthenextwinterbacktosnowskis,thisisadirect
exchange.Buttheswitchintheproemialrelationshipalways
involvesnottworelatabutfour!"Gunther

1.1Someexplanationsoftheideaofproemiality
Theproemialrelationshipisthereforeatfirstaninterlocking
mechanismofthetwoconceptsofexchangeandorderorsymmetry
andasymmetry.
Diagramm1
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cascadicrepresentation
Afurtherexplicationoftheintuitionofproemialityisachievedifwe
considerthefactthattheobjects,therelatorandtherelataofthe
relations,havetofittogetherinacategoricalsense.Thereisa
similarityoftherelatorsofdifferentlevelsaswellasfortherelataof
differentlevelsinthesensethatthedifferentrelatorsarerelatorsand
notsomethingelse.Andtherelataoneachlevelarerelataandnot
relators.ForthatIintroducethecoincidencerelation,which
designatescategoricalsameness(likeness,similtude).
TofinishthepictureIintroducetheexchangerelationbetweenthe
first"andthelast"elementoftheinterlockingmechanismoforderand
exchangerelations.AsalaststepImentiontheposition,thelogical
locus,oftheorderrelationsaccordingtothehigherorlowerlogical
orders".
PrObj=(ObjOrd,Exch,Coin,Pos)
Diagramm2

Butthisexplanationstillexcludesthethirdtermofthedefinitionofa
relation,therelationitself.Remember:Wemustnotconfusea
relation,arelationship(therelator),therelatum.
AndfinallyIconsiderthefactthatthereisoneandonlyoneconceptof
relationandrelationalityunderconsideration.thereforetheconceptof
relationisbasedonunicity(uniqueness),representedby1.Thisis
surelynotaharmlessstatement,itsupposesomethinglikeacommon
intuitionofrelationalityoroperativitywhichfindsitselfexplainedand
formalizedinsomemathematicalconstructionswhichareacceptedby
thescientificcommunity.Therefore,Guntherschain"arelation,a
relationship(therelator),therelatum"hastobecompletedby
theveryconceptofrelation,thatis,relationalitybasedin
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unicity.
Thefullfledgedexplanation,withoutthearrow"relation
>relationality",oftheproemialrelationovertwolociisgivenbyits
conceptualgraph.Thescenarioisthesameforthedistributionand
mediationofotherconcepts,likeoperations,functions,categories,
institutionsetc.
Thusthedefinitionhastobeexpandedto:
PrObj=(ObjOrd,Exch,Coin,Pos)
withObj={relator,relatum,relation,relationality,unicity}

Inthiscontextitisnotmytasktodefendthisconstructionagainstthe
manyattemptstoreduceittosomethingelse.Togofurtherinthe
gameImaketheoptionthatitwillbeusefulfordevelopingsomenew
mechanismsofcombiningabstractobjectslikeinstitutions,logics,
arithmetics,categorytheoriesandmore.Inexercisingthisgamethe
newintuitionwillshapeitselfintoamoreacademicform.
Afterhavingintroducedtheideaofproemialityitwouldbepossibleto
formalizeitfurtherandtodevelopapreliminarytheoryofproemiality,
alsosometimescalledchiasticsortheoryofmediation.Themain
thesis,therefore,isthatproemialityoffersamechanismofcombining
institutionswhichdoesn'tbelongtotheuniverseofcombining
categories.Thismechanismofcombininginstitutions,e.g.distribution
andmediation,isfundamentallydifferentfromtheclassicalones.
Despiteofthisdifferencethisstrategyisinnocontradictionor
oppositiontotheknownprinciplesofcombiningsystemsoflogics.
Itissimplysomethingdifferentandtheclouwouldbetoexplainthis
differenceinfull.Dontconfusetheexchangeofrelatorandrelatumof
arelationinthemechanismoftheproemialrelationshipwiththe
superpositionofrelatorandrelationinrelationallogics.Thereisno
problemtoapplyarelator,oraoperatororafunctortotheresultofa
relationoroperationorfunctionase.g.inrecursiontheoryorinmeta
levelhierarchies.
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Metaphor
Ifweproemializethelinguisticsubjectobjectrelationofasentencewe
shouldn'thesitatetobestrictlystructural.Theexampleisborrowed
fromHeinzvonFoerster.
"Thehorseisgallopping"(DasPferdgallopiert),theinterchanged
sentencecanonlybe"Thegallopishorsing"(DerGalloppferdet).
Nobodysupposedthatwearedoinganalyticphilosophy.

1.2ProemialityandArchitectonics
1.2.1Abouttheascategoryinproemiality
WhatIhavedevelopedsofarisonlythehalfofthestory.Alsoitmight
beobviousthatthewordingofe.g."theoperator(ofonesystem)
becomesanoperator(ofanothersystem)"isinstrongconflictwiththe
identityofitstermsthereforethissituationneedsamoreprecise
explication.Itshouldbeclearthatatermwhichisinonesysteman
operatorandsimultaneouslyanoperandinanothersystemsissplitin
itsownidentity.Itisatonceitselfandsomethingelse.Thistermhas
atoncetwofunctions,tobeanoperatorandtobeanoperand.
Therefore,fromthepointofviewofidentityanditslogic,thistermis
initselfneitheranoperatornoranoperand.
Whatthenisit?Howcanwedefineitmoreaccurate?Itispartofan
chiasticinterplayandwehavetobemoreexplicitwithourwording.
Insteadofspeakingofan"operator"orofan"operand",weshoulduse
theascategoryandusethewording"anobjectXasanobjectYis
anobjectZ".Thus,anoperatorasanoperatorissimultaneouslyan
operand.
Anoperatorasanoperandisanoperand(ofanotheroperator)
1.2.2Aboutthearchitectonicsoftheascategory
TomakethiswordingmorepreciseIintroduceadiagramwhichiswell
knownfromthetableauxmethodofformalizedpolycontexturallogic.

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Thistypeofdiagramswasfirstintroducedtodealinaproperwaywith
thetableauxmethodinpolycontexturallogic.Especiallytounderstand
thefunctioning,andthisgivesprobablyalsosomelightonits
meaning,ofthesocalledtransjunctions,Iintroducedthistabulation
ofthestepwisedecompositionofsignedformulasintableauxproofs.
Transjunctionshavereachedindifferentscientificandartisticareas
somedegreeofacceptanceandarewidelyusedasimportant
mechanismofsubversivethinkingandmodeling.Alsothenumberof
occurrenceofthisterminliteratureisquiteimpressivethereisnot
muchscientificunderstandingtofind.
Transjunctionsarelogicalfunctionsoroperatorswhichareinvolvedin
somesortsofbifurcationsandaresplitintodifferentpartsbelongingat
oncetodifferentlogicalsystems.Theyarethereforecomposedof
partialfunctionsincontrasttothetotalfunctionsofclassicallogical
junctionslikeconjunction,disjunction,implicationandsoon.
Thischangeoflogicalsystembybifurcationwhichpresupposethe
differenceofaninsideandanoutsideofalogicalsystemisruledby
theproemialrelationbetweenthepartsofthetransjunctionandthe
differentlogicalsystemsinvolved.Tothestepwisedecompositionofa
transjunctionalformulacorrespondsanorderrelation,tothebifucation
toothersystemstheexchangerelationbecauseofitsinside/outside
difference,andtothecomponentsandthestepsofdecompositionof
thetransjunctionalformulaasawholetherelationofcoincidence.
Therefore,theoperationoftransjunctioncanbeunderstoodasa
proemialobject.
Thisdiagramwhichgivessomefirststepsinthedesignof
polycontexturalarchitectonicscannowbeusedforfurtherexplications
ofthemechanismofproemiality.

Theexchangebetweenoperatorandoperandhastobedescribed
simultaneouslyfrombothpositions.Thatiswhywehavetorealizea
doubledescription,adoublegestureofinscribingtheproemialityof
theconstellation.Tovisualizethisprozedurewehavetorealizea
doubledescriptionofthediagram
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Thefirstdiagramsarecorrectinsofarastheydescribethestructure
ofproemiality.Butatthesametimetheyareabbreviationsinsofaras
theprocessofreadingthem,thatistoreadthematoncefromboth
sides,isnotinscribed.Thisprocessofreadinghastobedonebya
reader.Butwehavetomakeitexplicitandtovisualizeit.Therefore,
evenifitseemstobeobvious,ithastoberealizedandnotonlybe
mentioned.Thenewdiagramisfocussingmoretheprocessof
proemialitythanonitsgeneralstructure.Tonottooverloadthe
schemeIreducedittothedistributionoftheIF/THENrelation.Maybe
withallthatinmindwearenowreachingslowlythefamousproemial
cube.
Diagramm3

Theproemialcube
Again,thegreendoublearrowrepresentstheexchangerelation,the
redlinethecoincidencerelation,theblackarrowtheorderrelation,
and,new,thebluelinerepresentsthedistributionofthetwoproemial
relationsinacommonarchitecture.
Idontcommentthefullcombinatoricsbetweenallknotsofthe
diagram.Also,Iwouldliketoleavethestudyoffurtherdimensionsof
visualizationsandtheirexplanationsasaninterestingjobtothe
programmers.InthistextDERRIDASMACHINESIwillreducemy
presentationtothegraphicallymoresimplecaseofthevisualizationof
thestructureoftheconceptofproemialityanditsapplications,thatis,
tothetwodimensionaldiamonddiagraminsteadofthecube.

1.3ProemialityandHeterarchyinaUMLFramework
Togiveamoretransparentmodelingoftheproemialrelationshipit
maybehelpfultosetthewholeconstructionandwordingintoanUML
diagramandtousethemodelingofheterarchyworkedoutbyEdward
LeeasahelpfultooltoexplicateproemialityintermsofUMLmodeling.
Alsotheproemialrelationshipisnotrestrictedtoontologyandthe
distributionofhierarchicalontologiesinaheterarchicframeworkand
despitethefactthatUMLhasnomechanismsofcategorychange,
metamorphosisandmediationitseemstobeahelpfulexercisetofind
acorrespondencebetweentheUMLheterarchydiagramandthe
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constructionofproemialitywhichismorebasedonelementaryterms
ofrelationality.Theheterarchydiagramisaclassdiagramwhich
modelsthestaticstructureofthesystem.Proemialityhas,alsoitis
fundamentallydynamic,itsstaticaspects.Itisthisstaticaspectwe
canmodelwiththehelpoftheUMLheterarchydiagram.
AfurtherstepofUMLmodelingofproemialitywillhavetoinvolvemore
dynamicmodelslikeinteractionandactivitydiagrams.
Diagramm4

UMLdiagramofheterarchy
in:EdwardA.Lee,OrthogonalizingtheIssues,UCBerkeley
Whatisthedifferenceinmodellingbetweenconceptualgraphsand
UMLdiagrams?

Aconceptualgraphof
theUMLheterarchy
diagram.

1.4Complementarityofdisseminationand
togetherness
Complementarytothenotionandprocedureofdissemination,whichis
motivatedbythenecessityofconstructingcomplexand
polycontexturalsystemsoutofsimpleones,thatis,monocontextural
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systems,wehavetoconsiderthepolycontexturalityofthecomplex
systemassuch.Onefirstcategoryweobserveisthecategoryof
togethernessofthelocalsystemsinthecomplexandinteracting
wholeness.
Anothercategorythatemergesnaturallyoutofthedisseminated
systemsisthecategoryofwholenessormoreprecisethecategoryof
superadditivityofdisseminatedsystems.
Inthissense,disseminationisaprocessofdisseminatingsingle
systemsandatthesametimeitisthewholeness,thetogethernessof
thedisseminatedsystems.Thisisalsoincludedinthenotionof
disseminationasaprocessofdistributionandmediationofsystems.
Disseminationisalwaysboth:multitudeandwholeness.

2Combinatoricsofchiasticchangesof
categories
2.1ConservativemappingsorCategorytheoretic
combinations
Ifthecontexturaldifferencesbetweentwoobjectsaredeniedwecan
modeltherelationshipbetweenthemintermsofmorphismsinthe
categorytheoreticsense.Thesemorphismsarethestructure
preservingmappingsofnamestonames,sortstosorts,operationsto
operations,equalitiestoequalities,andunitytounity.,etc.ofthe
abstractobjects.Butagain,inthiscaseweareneglectingthefact,
thattheybelongtodifferentlogicalcontextures.
Ontheotherhand,ifwetaketheircontexturaldifferencesinto
consideration,thesemappingsarepreservingthetectonicalstructure
ofthesystems,despitetheirlogicalincompatibility.Intermsof
proemialitythesemappingsarenotofthesortoforderrelations,like
morphisms,butofthesortofcoincindencerelation.Inacategory
theoreticalmodeltheywouldbesomeidentitymorphismsor
isomorphisms.

2.2MetamorphosisorProemialcombinationsin
abstractobjects
1Chiasmofsortsandnames:CHI(sorts,names)
Thisissimilartothechiasmofsortsandtheuniverse(ofsorts)ina
manysortedlogic.
Itseemsnottobeunnaturalthatasortcanchangeintoanameofa
newobjectandontheothersideanameasbeinghierarchically
superiortothesortscanchangeintoalowerlevelobjectasasortin
anothercontexture.
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Butthisseemstobeanordinaryprocedureforinteractingsystems.
Theconceptualizingprocessofdifferentagentscandifferexactlyinthe
sensethatforoneagentthesetofsortsorofoneofthesortsofthe
otheragentcorrespondstothename,thatis,thewholeorcontexture
ofhisownsystem.Incontrast,whatisthewholescopeofoneagent
canbeasortwithmanyothersortsforanotheragent.Thereis
nothingmagicwiththat.Andthereisalsonoreasonforunsolvable
conflictsifbothareawareaboutthissituationandunderstandthe
mechanismofchangebetweeneachother.Thiscommon
understandingcanbemodelledorrealizedinafurthersystem,without
beingforcedtonegatethedifferencesbetweenthetwoagents.
Sortsandnamesoccursondifferentlevelsoftheconceptualhierarchy.
Themechanismisgeneralizationandreductionorspecializationof
concepts.
2Chiasmofsortsandoperations:CHI(sorts,opns)
3Chiasmofoperationsandequations:CHI(opns,eqns)
4Chiasmofnamesandoperations:CHI(names,opns)
5Chiasmofnamesandequations:CHI(names,eqns)
6Chiasmofunicityandnames:CHI(unicity,names)
Unicitycanbeunderstoodasthecontextureofthelocalabstract
algebra.Classicaltheorieshavenottobeconcernedwiththeir
contextureanduniquenessbecausetheyareuniqueperse,thatis
theyaremonocontextural.Becauseoftheiruniquenessthereisno
reasontonotifyitbyaspecialtermlike1.
Becausetheunicity(unity)isabsolute,everypossiblechangeofithas
fundamentalconsequencesforthewholeframeworkofreasoning.The
chiasmbetweentheabsoluteunicity(uniqueness)andtherelativityof
thenamesdeniesasimplemappingofthelociofthedifferentsystems
ontothelinearityofnaturalnumbers.Thechiasmbetweenunicityand
theotherhasnobeginningandnoend.
Thechiasmisthemechanismofchange.Toconnectthedifferent
unitizeswithnumberswehavetoabandontheideaofaninitialobject,
astartingpointofthenumberseries.Naturalnumbers,aswe
understandthem,areconstructedbyalgebras,inductionandinitiality.
Asafirststep,wecantrytomodelthechiasticsituationinthecontext
ofcoalgebras,coinductivityandfinality.Thischiasticwayofthinking
isclosertothemetaphorsofstreamsandflows,andthelackof
ultimatebeginningsandendingsasoriginsandtelos.
Moreprecisely,weshouldthinkofthechiasticparadigmasan
interlockingplayofalgebraicandcoalgebraicstrategiesandmethods.
Withthisinmind,allattemptstoformalizepolycontexturalsystems,
logicsandarithmetics,withthemethodsofcategorytheoryalonehave
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toberelativized.Itisneverthelessofgreatimportancetostartthe
processofformalizationofpolycontexturalitywiththemethodswhich
areaccessible.Oneverystrongmethod,whichiswellaccessible,isthe
methodoffiberingorindexing(Pfalzgraf,Gabbay).Inotherterms,the
methodofmappinglocalsystemstoanindexsetasavehicleof
distributionofformalsystems.Butthisprocedureinvolvesthewhole
apparatusofthealgebraicparadigm:equality,identity,linearity,
initiality,inductivity,etc.Which,asItriedtomakeclear,isinstrong
conflicttotheveryideaofproemialityanditschiasticmechanisms.
Thechiasmbetweennamesandcontextures(unicity)isofgreat
importanceforaseriousmodelingofreflectionalcomputationbecause
itopensupthepossibilityofadistributedselfreferentialitybetween
systemsaswholes.Furthermore,namesinacontexturecanbe
interpretedasthereflectionalmappingofothercontexturesintothe
reflectingcontexture.

2.3Chiasms,metamorphosisandsuperoperators
ThesuperoperationCHIcanbeinterpretedastheoperatorofchanges
ofcategoricalperspectives,contextsorcontexturesandpointsofview.
Thesepossibilitiesofchangingthecategoricaltermsisexactlywhat
makesthedifferencebetweenchiasmsandcategorytheoretic
morphismswhicharepreservingtheconceptualstructuresofthe
systemintheprocessofmappingitintoanothersystem.
Proemialityincorporatesboth,categorytheoreticalandchiastic
morphisms.
Chiasticmorphismsarenotconservativeinthesensethattheyare
preservingthetectonicalorconceptualstructureofasystembutmore
subversiveinthesensequiteanalogtothecatastrophesinThoms
CatastropheTheorythattheyarechangingandnotpreservingthe
conceptualorder.Thesemorphismsareinastrictsensenotonly
forgetfulmappingsbutrulesofmetamorphosis.
###ChaoticLogics
Chaoticlogicsarenotthelogicsofchaosbutthelogicsof
change.
Changeinchaoticsystemsisnotacontinuosprocessbutthe
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switchfromonemodetoanothermodeofasystembysome
changesofthestatesofthesystem.
Chaoticlogicsarethelogicsofinteractinglogicalsystems.
Changesinchaoticlogicsaremodeledbytranscontextural
jumpsfromonesystemtoanothersystemandaredefinedin
sharpcontrasttotheintracontexturalstepsoftheexpansion
ruleinasingularsystem.Transjunctionaljumpsdon'texclude
thepossibilitytostayintheprimarysystematthesametime
ofthejump.
CyberneticOntology
OrderfromNoise.
####
Asaconsequenceofthesefirstinsights,inthischiasticpartofthe
proemialrelationship,thecategorytheoreticlawsofidentityand
associativityarelost,oratleastfundamentallytransformed.
Thepossibilityofmetamorphosisisgivenbytheinterlocking
mechanismofthechiasm.Alsothesuperoperatorshadbeen
introducedprimarilytodealwithcontexturesassuchthereisno
reasontonottoapplytheseoperatorstotheinternalstructureofthe
contexture,thatishere,totheinternalstructureoftheabstract
objects.Thereforethegeneraloperatorofmetamorphosisis
composed,atfirst,bythesuperoperators{ID,PERM,RED,BIF).
Thisallows,thattheremaybeanidentityrelationIDbetweento
contexturesandchangesintheirinternalstructurewithe.g.sort1in
contexture1becomessort2incontexture2producedbythesuper
operatorPERM.Or,thecontexturesandthesortsarestable,butthe
internaloperationsofthecontexturesmaychange.
Itisnotexcludedinthischiasticconceptofarchitecturesofdifferent
systems,thatforonesystemallthedifferencesoftheothersystem
boilsdowntoonenotion.Thiswouldbeafurtherstepinmappingthe
architectureofonesystemintoanothersystem.Maybethatthe
interlockingmechanismbetweenthesystemswouldbereducedtoa
strongreductionproducedbytheextensiveapplicationofthesuper
operatorREDtoallcategoriesofthesysteminconsideration.
Fromthepointofviewofproemiality,metamorphosisisnotasimple
confusionofthecategoricalframeworkbutawellruledoratleastrule
guidedchangeofcategoriesintheprocessofchange,emanationand
evolutionorothertypesoftransformations.Thistypeof
metamorphosisisnotwildinthesenseoftheabsolutenovum,
becauseitsscenarioisfoundedontheknowncategories(names,
sorts,operations,etc.)ofthesystemsintransformation.Ifwewould
chooseanothersettinginsteadofalgebras,wewouldhaveasimilar
scenarioofchangewithintheframeworkofthedefiningconcepts.
Anothertypeofchangecouldbethoughtforthecasewherethe
transformationchangestocategoriesunknownbefore.Forthiscase
wewouldbeforcedtoadtoourframeworkofproemialchange
betweencategoriessomethinglikeanemptyboxfortheunknown.
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Whynot?
Again,theprocessoftransformationruledbytheproemialrelationship
hasnottohappenonlybetweenobjectsofthesamearchitecture,like
algebrastoalgebras.Italsocanhappenbetweenobjectsofdifferent
architectures.Aninterestingcasecouldbethechangebetween
algebrasandcoalgebras.Thesamesituationistoobservebetween
distributedcategorysystems.Morphisminonesystemcanchangeto
objectsinanothersystemofcategories.Oreventheveryconceptof
categoryofonesystemcanbetransformedinamereobjectofan
othersystem.Andsoon.
Usualmathematicalpractice?
Computerscientistshavefarmoreflexibleviewofformalism
andsematicsthantraditionallogicians.Whatisregardedasa
semanticdomainatonemomentmaylaterberegardedasa
formalisminneedofsemantics."
M.P.Fourman,TheoriesasCategories,in:CategoryTheoryand
Computerpogramming,SpringerLNCS240,p.435,1986
Idon'tsaythatthisisnotthewaymathematiciansareanyway
working.Butitseemstobeobviousthattheyarenotreflectingor
evenformalizingthisprocess,thisuseoftermsandmethods,thatis
theiractualpracticeofdoingcreativelymathematics.Withoutever
mentioningwhatthismeansandhowitisformalized,theas".
Maybecomputerscientisthaveamoreflexibleuseofformalismsthan
logicians.Butlogicianshavenotonlyproducedmostofthese
formalismslongbeforebutalsoknowverywellthattheyaredealing
withhighlyidealizedsituationsgovernedbytheprincipleofidentity.
Ontheotherside,philosophersandphilosophicallogicianshave
developedmuchworkinexplainingtheascategoryofthinkingand
being(analogy).Butwhatiscalled,especiallyinEuropeanphilosophy,
hermeneutics,deniesanypossibilityofformalizationoftheas
category.Wealsoshouldn'tconfusetheascategorywiththemore
popularasifcategoryoffictionalism(HansVaihinger)and
constructivism.
Itwouldbeveryinterestingtostartsomecasestudiesofthispractice
ofcomputerscientistsandmathematicians.Averyinterestingcase
wouldbethewayorworkingwithswingingtypes,thatistheswitch
fromalgebrastocoalgebrasandback,inthesenseofPeterPadawitz.
Ormoretraditional:InthesummertermyougetLogicsasalgebras,
inthewintertermtheyofferyouAlgebrasaslogics.Andinbetween
youenjoythesummerholidaystoforgetanypossibleconflicts.
Translations,GoguensSemioticAlgebras
Itturnsoutthatcorrecttranslationsareconservativemetamorphosis.
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Maybethemainproblemofmachinetranslationisjustthisdecision,to
startwithconservativetranslationsandtotrytomodelcommonsense
texts,whicharefullofgamesofviolatingthisconservativity,withthis
restrictedapproach.Inotherword,conservativetranslationsarebased
ondisambiguatedandcontextfreesemantics.Acasewhichisvery
artificialanddoesn'tmatchnaturallanguageatall.
Aconservativeexample:conflictsinthetreeofdataobjects
Allprogramminglanguagesarebasedonverystrictandstable
conceptualstructures.Ifthedataobjectsareintroducedasanordered
systemlikethetreeofdataobjects",thisstructurewillneverbe
changedintheprocessorexecutionofaprogram(Programmablauf).
Ifsomethingwouldbechangedinthisorderitwouldautomatically
produceseriousconflicts.
Becauseofthefact,thatclassicalprogramsareessentiallymonologic,
thereisnospaceforconflictsinapositivesense.Butrealsystems,
thatisinteractingsystemsastodaycomputing,arepermanently
confrontedwithconflicts.Whynotintroducingdialogsinthevery
structureofprogramminglanguagesandsystems?I'mnotwriting
hereaboutspecialinteractiveprograms,e.g.,butonthearchitecture
andfundamentalconceptualityordefinitionofprogramminglanguages
assuchandnotofspecialapplicationsoftheselanguages.Like
interactiveproofsystemsorinteractivegames.
Thereisaneasywayofproducingconflictsinadialogicalsystem,if
e.g.L1declaresAasasimpleobjectandL2declaressimultaneouslyA
asacomplexobject,thatisastructure.Obviouslyitispossible,inthe
polycontexturalapproach,tomodelthisconflictandtoresolveitin
anotherlogicalsystem,sayL3,thiswithoutproducingametasystem
subordinatingL1andL2.
Diagramm5

Treeofdataobjects
Furthermore,theconflicthasaclearstructure,itisametamorphosis
ofthetermssimpleobject"inL1andstructure"inL2.This
metamorphosisisasimplepermutationbetweensortsovertwo
differentcontexturesbasedonthechiasticstructureofthemediation
ofthesystems.Butitrespectsthesimultaneouscorrectnessofboth
pointsofviewinrespectofbeingasimpleobject"andbeinga
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structure".Inthissenseitcanbecalledasymmetricalmetamorphosis.
Todaycomputingisoftencharacterizedbyitsinteractivity.Butthe
programminglanguageshavenotchangedtorespondtothissituation.
Theyarestill,inprinciple,monologic.
Afurtherexampleofaninterchangebetweenprogramminglanguages
wouldbethechiasmbetweendataobjectsandcontrolstructures.
Averyshyimplementationofthisinterlockingmechanism,withfar
reachingconsequences,isatthebasisofallartificialintelligence
attempts,theinternaldifferenceandpossibleambiguityinLISP
betweendataandprogramsruledbytheQUOTE/EVALfunction.
Theseexamplesshouldnotbeconfusedwithcontradictionsarisingby
aconflictinattributesbetweendifferentinformations.Thisimpliesa
logicalandlinguisticlevelofcommunicationanddoesn'ttouchthe
categoricalframeworkofinteraction.
AfterWegner,interactionsareparaconsistent,oratleastbelongtoa
paraconsitenttypeoflogic.Thismaybetrueonalinguisticlogical
level,butitisnotincorrespondencewithamoreachitectonicand
chiasticviewofinteractivity.
blindspots
Strategiesofdetectingtheontological,logical,computational,
epistemological,reflectional,andwhatever,blindspotofan
interactingagent.

2.4Asimpletypologyofchiasms
Tostudysomeaspectsofchiasmswecanrestrictourselftothestudy
oftheinterplaybetweenrelatorsandrelata,neglectingthefullfledged
expositionofthechiasmwithitsconceptrelationandunicity
(uniqueness).
Inpracticeitiseasytodiscoverthatmanyvariantsofrealizationsof
chiasmareintheepistemologicalplay.Mostly,chiasmarenotfully
designed,reductionsareusedandsometimestheuseisover
determinated.
Wecanclassifythesinglechiasmsasbalanced,underandover
balanced.Asdistributedandembeddedchiasmswecandistinguish
twomodiofdistribution,iterationandaccretionanditscombinations.
2.4.1Iterationsofchiasms
2.4.2Accretionsofchiasm
2.4.3Mediationofiterationandaccretionofchiasms
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2.4.4Overdeterminationofchiasms

2.4.5Examplesofunderbalancedchiasms
Diagramm6

Examplesofchiasms
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3Proemialitybetweenstructuraland
processualunderstanding
3.1FormalLogic,TotalityandTheSuper
additivePrinciple
in:GotthardGnther
BeitrgezurGrundlegungeineroperationsfhigenDialektik,
Band1,
MeinerVerlag,Hamburg,1976,p.329351,firstpubl.:BCL
Report,1966
Wehavegiventhemainreasonabove:iftherelationbetween
thoughtanditsobjectisbasicallyunderstoodasasymmetric
exchangerelationthephenomenonofsubjectivitydisappears.
Buta"totality"inwhicheverythingisreducedtoobjectivity
canneverbetotalbecausesomethingismissing.
Atotalityis,inHegelsterminology:
1)aniteratedselfreflectionof
2)anoniteratedselfreflection,and
3)aheteroreflection.
Ifwepermit,forthedescriptionofthisstructure,onlylogical
operationswhichleadtoreflectionsymmetrythen1)is
eliminated,and2)and3)turnouttobeindistinguishableand
logicallyidentical...because1)isnothingelsebutthecapacity
ofkeeping2)and3)apart.
(...)
However,iftheconceptoftheuniversalsubject,i.e.of
Bewussteinberhaupt(Kant),iseliminatedthelogical
constrainttoreduceeverythingtoultimateparityrelations
disappears.WewillstillhavereflectionsymmetrybetweenSS
andSObutnotlongerbetweenSandOingeneral.In
otherwords:itwillturnoutthatthefoundingrelationbetween
subjectandobjectorbetweenThoughtandBeingisnota
symmetricalexchangerelationbutsomethingelse.Thisisthe
pointwherethetransitionismadefromformalclassiclogicof
Aristoteliantypetoatheoryoftransclassic,nonAristotelian
Rationality.
WebeginbyredrawingFigure1omittingSUandhavingthe
phalanxoftheSOreplacedbyasingleSwiththeindexO.We
indicatetherelationsbetweenSS,SOandObyarrowsoffour
differentshapes.Accordingtothelogicalcharacterofthe
relationanarrowwilleitherbedoublepointedoritwillhave
oneshaftorbedoubleshaftedhavingeithercontinuousor
dottedlines.Figure5willthenshowthefollowing
configuration:
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IfSSdesignatesathinkingsubjectandOitsobjectingeneral
(i.e.theUniverse)therelationbetweenSSandOis
undoubtedlyanorderedonebecauseOmustbeconsideredthe
contentofthereflectiveprocessofSS.Ontheotherhand,seen
fromtheviewpointofSSanyothersubject(theThou)isan
observedsubjectanditisobservedashavingitsplaceinthe
Universe.ButifSSis(partof)thecontentoftheUniversewe
obtainagainanorderedrelation,thistimebetweenOandSO.
ThereremainsthedirectrelationbetweenSSandSO.Thisis
obviouslyofadifferenttype.SOisnotonlythepassiveobject
ofthereflectiveprocessofSS.Itisinitsturnitselfanactive
subjectwhichmayviewthefirstsubject(andeverythingelse)
fromitsvantagepoint.InotherwordsSOmayassumetherole
ofSSthusrelegatingtheoriginalsubject,theSelf,tothe
positionoftheThou.Andthereisneitheronearthnorin
heaventheslightestindicationthatweshouldpreferone
subjectivevantagepointforviewingtheUniversetoanother.
Inshort,therelationbetweenSSandSOisnotanordered
relation.Itisacompletelysymmetricalexchangerelation,like
"left"and"right".Anorderedrelationbetweendifferent
centersofsubjectivereflectioncomesintoplayonlyifwere
introducetheconceptofauniversalsubjectwhichcontainsall
human"souls"ascomputingsubcenters.Ofthetworelations
wehavesofarconsidered,theexchangerelationis
symmetricalandtheorderedrelationrepresentsnon
symmetry.
Thisinvestigationintendsonlytoshowthattheconceptof
TotalityorGanzheitiscloselylinkedtotheproblemof
subjectivityandtransclassiclogicandthatitisbasedonthree
basicstructuralrelations:
anexchangerelationbetweenlogicalpositions
anorderedrelationbetweenlogicalpositions
afoundingrelationwhichholdsbetweenthemember
ofarelationandarelationitself.
Itmaybesaidthatthehierarchyoflogicalthemesasindicated
intable(II)representsanhierarchyofimplicationalpower.All
themeshaveincommonthattheyareselfimplicationsthey
implythemselves.Howeverthefirsttheme(objective
existence)impliesonlyitselfandnothingelse.Inthisrespectit
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differsfromanysucceedingthemewhichimpliesitselfaswell
asallsubordinatedthemes.Forthisreasonitispropertocall
theinitialtheme"irreflexive"andallthefollowing"reflexive".
Irreflexivitymeansthatsomethingwethinkofisonlyan
implicatebutnotanimplicandforsomethingelse.Ontheother
handifwereferlogicallytoreflexivitywemeanthatour
(pseudo)objectofthoughtisanimplicandrelativetoalower
orderandaswellanimplicaterelativetoathemethatfollows
itinthehierarchyoftable(II).
Wearenowabletoestablishthefundamentallawthatgoverns
theconnectionsbetweenexchange,orderedandfounding
relation.Wediscoverfirstinclassictwovaluedlogicthat
affirmationandnegationformanorderedrelation.Thepositive
valueimpliesitselfandonlyitself.Thenegativevalueimplies
itselfandthepositive.Inotherwords:affirmationisnever
anythingbutimplicateandnegationisalwaysimplication.This
iswhywespeakhereofanorderedrelationbetweenthe
implicateandtheimplicand.Thenameofthisrelationinclassic
twovaluedlogicisinference.
Itisnownecessarytorememberthatthepossibilityof
coexistenceoftwoindependentsubjects(IandThou)inthe
Universeisbasedonanexchangerelationbetweenequipollent
centersofreflection.Moreover,thesesubjectsareallcapable
ofbeingimplicands.Moreobjectsdonotoperateinferentially.
Thatmeanstheydonotimplyanythingelse.
Ifwenowconsiderthefoundingrelationinwhichasubject
constitutesitselfasdiametricallyposedrelativetoallobjects
andthetotalobjectiveconceptoftheUniversewewilldiscover
thatthisrelationrepresentsaninterestingsynthesisofan
exchangerelationbetweenlogicalpositionsanorderedrelation
betweenlogicalpositionsafoundingrelationwhichholds
betweenthememberofarelationandarelationitself.10
exchangeandorder.Thefoundingrelationisinitselfan
exchangerelationinsofarasthelinkingsubject(SS)may
assumethelogicalpositionoftheothersubjectwhichis
thoughtof(SO).SOmayinitsturnassumetherankofSS.Any
twocentersofsubjectivereflectionofthesameordermutually
implyeachother.Butsuchanexchangedoesnotoperate
betweenSandO.Aswepointedoutbefore:thebonafide
objectcannotinferthesubjectandbydoingsousurptherole
ofasubject.Ifitcoulditwouldimplythatsubjectsare
irreflexiveentitieswhichforasubjectisacontradictioin
adjecto.Itfollowsthattherelationbetweenimplicateand
implicandhastwodifferentaspects:betweentwosubjectsthis
relationassumestheroleofasymmetricalexchange.Between
subjectandobjectitappearshoweverasanorderedrelation.
Thefoundingrelationisthereforealsoanorderedrelation.Or
toputitdifferently:thefoundingrelationisacombinationof
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exchangeandorder.Whatistheimplicand(SS)maybecome
theimplicatenotrelativetoObuttoourimpartialobserverSS
S.Wemightsaythatthefoundingrelationisaconcatenationof
sequencesofexchangeandsequencesoforderedrelations.
ThediagramofFig._6willillustratewhatwemean:

Fig._6indicatesasequenceofsinglepointedandasecond
sequenceofdoublepointedarrowssuchthatasinglepointed
arrowalwaysalternateswithadoublepointedone.
Aconcreteexampleofwhatthefigureillustratesisthefather
sonrelation.Thisisfirstanorderedrelation.Butthesoncan
alsobecomeafather.Inthissensefathersonisalsoan
exchangerelation.Butthesondoesnotacquirethestatusof
fatherrelativetohisownfatherbutrelativetothegrandsonof
hisfather.
Inabstractterms:whatismember(orargument)ofthe
orderedrelationOSS,namelySS,maybecomeanargumentof
anexchangerelationnotrelativetoObutrelativetoSSS
whichimpliesthisexchangeSSSO.
Thuswemaysay:thefoundingrelationisanexchangerelation
basedonanorderedrelation.Butsincetheexchangerelations
canestablishthemselvesonlybetweenorderedrelationswe
mightalsosay:thefoundingrelationisanorderedrelation
basedonthesuccessionofexchangerelations.
Whenwestatedthatthefoundingrelationestablishes
subjectivitywereferredtothefactthataselfreflectingsystem
mustalwaysbe:selfreflectionof(selfandheteroreflection).
AsHegelpointedoutinhisdialecticlogiconeandahalf
centuriesago,theoppositionofheteroandselfreflectionis
notaparityrelationbecauseitrequiresaniterationofself
reflectionincontrasttothenoniterativecharacterofhetero
reflection.Itfollowsaswaspointedoutabove,thatonevalue
issufficienttodesignateinheteroreflectionbuttwovaluesare
requiredapartfromthevalueSS
SO
O
SSS
SOSSS
Fig_6
forobjectdesignationtoseparateselfreflectionfromthe
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object.Thisisconfirmedbythecharacterofthefounding
relation.Table(VI)clearlyshowsthatitrequiresaminimumof
threevaluesforitsownestablishment.Buttheintroductionof
athirdvaluegeneratesanewprincipleofsuperadditivity.

3.2Irreflexivityastheultimatebeginning
Incontrasttomyworkinghypothesis"Thereisnoorigin,onlya
multitudeofbeginnings"irreflexivityinGunthersapproachtothe
foundingrelationhasthevalueofanultimatebeginning,whichisthe
origininitsunicity.Thisoriginischaracterizedasaselfimplication.
Itmaybesaidthatthehierarchyoflogicalthemesasindicated
intable(II)representsanhierarchyofimplicationalpower.All
themeshaveincommonthattheyareselfimplicationsthey
implythemselves.Howeverthefirsttheme(objective
existence)impliesonlyitselfandnothingelse.Inthisrespectit
differsfromanysucceedingthemewhichimpliesitselfaswell
asallsubordinatedthemes.Forthisreasonitispropertocall
theinitialtheme"irreflexive"andallthefollowing"reflexive".
Irreflexivitymeansthatsomethingwethinkofisonlyan
implicatebutnotanimplicandforsomethingelse.
Tostartproemiality(foundingrelation)withabeginninginthesense
ofanoriginisnotincludedinthegeneraldefinitionofthefounding
relation.Itisanadditionaldecision,basedonspecialontological
interests.
Neithertheabstractformulationnortheexamplegiven,fatherson
relationship,involvesanultimativebeginning.Otherwisethefather
sonrelationshipconnotedwithanoriginwouldforceustoaccepta
"Urfather".MaybeGod.Butthisisnotphilosophicalthinking.
Tointerpretproemialityashavingabeginningisguidedbythe
principleofwellfoundedness.Thisprincipleisnecessaryforan
algebraicorconstructivistapproach.Incontrasttothisinterpretation
ofthefoundingrelationitisequallypossibletounderstandthis
mechanisminanonfoundedwayofcoalgebraiccoinduction.
AsanexamplewemaythinkofachainofalternatingXsandYs
withaoutanoriginnoranend:
...XYXYXYXYX...
IsitreasonabletotakeXoralternativelyYasthestartelementofthe
chain?Obviouslynot.Itmaybe,insomespecialsituations,a
reasonabledecisiontotakeYasthestart.
Wemightsaythatthefoundingrelationisaconcatenationof
sequencesofexchangeandsequencesoforderedrelations.
Thesameistruefortheconcatenationchainoforderandexchange
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relations.Butthisdecisionisarbitrarilyandnotpartofthemechanism
ofthefoundingrelation.
Tomakethesetwointerpretationsmoreclear,Iintroducedinmy
Materialien197375thedistinctionbetweenopenandclosed
proemialrelationship.
Evenifweacceptthattheenvironmentofalivingsystemhasin
contrasttoitsmodelingofitanirreflexivecharacterforthemodeling
system,itisimportanttoseethatthisirreflexivityisofrelativenature.
Otherwiseitwillbeverydifficultforacognitivesystemtohave
differentinterpretationsofitsenvironmentandtochangeitsontology.
Manyconstructivistshaveintroducedthedistinctionbetweenreality
andobjectivity(Maturana)todealwiththisdifficulty.Intheirapproach
irreflexivityispurereality,whichassuchescapesanyknowledge.On
theothersideobjectivityisaresultoftheprocessofinterpretation.
ButsinceKantweshouldknowthatthistrickisnotproperlyworking.

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