solutions

1.

2.

3.

4.

Let n be total days then number of days with no rain = n11 = days with no rain in aft & morn of the 11 let b days
have rain in morn. Therefore b days have clear after also
11-b days will have rain in aft. Therefore 11-b days have
clear mornings thus (n-11)+b = 12 => (n-11)+(11-b) =
9 Solve to get n =16 or n-11 = 5
Just number the boxes as #0, #1, #2 #9 and now take
0, 1, 2 9 balls respectively from each box in that order.
Now weigh all the 45 balls together in one weighing. Total
weight will be (45 a)kg. a can easily be calculated
from the weight obtained. Now box with lighter balls is
10a. Hence only one weighing is sufficient.
Best technique for such questions is to go by options.
Take option (a): P(1) = 0; option (b): P (-1) = -12;
option (c): P(2) = 0; Option (d): P(3) = 20.
(x + a) (x + 1991) + 1 = 0; (x + a) (x + 1991) = -1
Since the factors are integral, we have two cases
I. (x + a) = 1 and (x + 1991) = -1
x = -1992 or a = 1-x = 1993
II. (x + a) = -1 and (x + 1991) = 1
x = -1990 or a = -1-x = 1989.

5.

Put x = -1. We get 2f(1) =-3 => f(1) = -3/2

6.

S=

10 670 10 670 .....

S 10 670 S

S 2 10 670 S
Squaring both the side we get
From option put the value. S=6 satisfies the equation

7.

I. graph of circle centered at the origin with equation

II. f ( x) f ( x) symmetric about the origin odd

function
III. f ( x)

f ( x) axis

of symmetry at x=4neither

even nor odd

IV. f ( x) f ( x) not an even function

9.

(17 12 2 ) [3 2 (2 2 )2 2.3.2 2 ] 3 2 2

4 (17 12 2 ) (3 2 2 )

Also

ab
b c

( x 3)( x 6) x 2 3x 18 ;
Manishs equation: ( x 1)( x 10) x 2 9 x 10 Correct
equation: x 2 3x 10 0 x 2, 5
equation:

10. Apply AM-GM concept. Ans 72.

11. Given

fraction

15

15
10 20 40 5 80

3 10 3 5

5
10 5

10 5 5 ( 2 1)

1 .1

ab
b c

ab b c

14. If R is the number right then the score is R (30 R)/4

= 5(R 6)/4. Thus the answer is a multiple of 5/4. Note
8.75 = 7(5/4).

15. Since f (0) 0 0 c c 0

Roots will be of opposite

sign, b ve
It is given that .

So,

ve

|
0, 0,| | 0 | |

is possible only when |

16. f(x) = x3 4x + p f(0) = p and f(1) = p 3; p 3 < p

As p and p 3 are of opposite signs, p 3 < 0 and p > 0.
p < 3 and p > 0; 0 < p < 3

17. x 2 3 x 2 0 or (x 1)(x 2) 0
x (, 1) (2, )

..(i)

+
Again

+
2

x 2 3 x 4 0 or (x 4 )(x 1) 0
x [1, 4 ]
..(ii)
From eq. (i) and (ii), x [1, 1) (2 4 ] 1 x 1 or

18. We have, (x a)(x b) 1 0

(x a)(x b) 1 0 (x a)(x b) 0 [b > a]

x ] , a [ ] b ,[ , i.e. (, a) and (b, ).
19. Sum of the reciprocals= -(-450)/27 = 50/3
20. Take a = 1 and b = 2 and match the options. Option d
21. Let's call the first term of the original geometric series
a and the common ratio r, so 2005 = a+ar+ar2+.. Using
the sum formula for infinite geometric series, we
have a/(1-r)=2005.
Then we form a new series, a2 + a2 r2 + a4 r4. We know
this series has sum 20050 = a2/(1-r2). Dividing both this
equation, we get a/(1+r) = 10.Then a = 2005-2005r
and a = 10+10r so 2005-2005r = 10 + 10r, 2015r =
1995 and finally r = 1995/2015

22. y0 = x 2 x 9
y0(x2 + 2x + 9) = x2 2x + 9
x2(y0 1) + 2x(y0 + 1) + 9(y0 1) = 0
The equation has a real solution if discriminant 0
4(y0 + 1)2 4(y0 1)2 . 9 0
(y0 + 1)2 9(y0 1)2 0
2

10 5
10 5

2b a c

x2 2x 9

10 2 5 2 10 5 4 5
15

2x 4

Descartes rule of signs:

# of sign changes for positive x = 4 -> 4, 2 or 0 possible
positive real roots
# of sign changes for negative x = 2-> 2 or 0 possible
negative real roots
8 roots total -> possible combination could be 4 positive,
0 negative, 4 non-real roots or 0 positive, 0 negative, 8
non-real.
Brijeshs

2 1

13. b c c a a b 0 .Hence one root is 1. Also as roots

are equal, other root will also be equal to 1.

x 2 y 2 16 symmetric about the y-axiseven

function

8.

12.

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 solutions
(y0 + 1 + 3y0 3)(y0 + 1 3y0 + 3) 0
(4y0 2)(-2y0 + 4) 0

30. Required area = (1/2)x2x2 sq. units = 2 sq. units

1
,2
y0
2 (y 2) 0; 1/2 y 2 Range = 2

0
0
23.

f ( x) x 4 10 x 2 9 ( x 2 5) 2 25 9 ( x 2 5) 2 16 .

Minimum value = -16

24. Rewrite equation as y(5y+2x) = 80, so y is a divisor of

80. Moreover, y must be even, for if y were odd then
both terms in the product would be odd, which is clearly
impossible. Additionally, y cannot be divisible by 16, since
this would force x to be non integral; but all other choices
of y yield integral values for x. Hence y {2, 4, 8, 10,
20, 40, -2, -4, -8, -10, -20, -40}
25. It is given to us that the sum of all the numbers of the AP
is 4500 and the APs have the same middle term. We can
see that the sum of an AP with n terms, where n is odd
will be n times the middle term (e.g. a 1 + a + a + 1 =
3a) Since there are 9 terms in the APs, hence the sum of
each AP will be 9X. Also, as there are 5 APs, the sum of
all these will be 5 9X = 45X = 4500 Thus, X = 100
26.

31. Put x = 1 we get a0 + a1 + a1 + + a15 = 45 = 1024,

Put x = -1 , we get a0 - a1 + a2 - - a15 = 0
Adding both the equation
2(a0 + a2 + a4 + + a14) =1024
(a0 + a2 + a4 + + a14) =1024/2 = 512.
32. Put x2 = 1 in the expression we get
150 -2.125x + 1 = 2-2x
33. Let P = (1 + x) (1 + x2) (1 + x4) (1 + x8) (1 + x16) (1 +
x32) (1 + x64). Multiplying (1-x) both the side we get
(1-x)P = (1-x)(1 + x) (1 + x2) (1 + x4) (1 + x8) (1 + x16)
(1 + x32) (1 + x64)
= (1-x2) (1 + x2) (1 + x4) (1 + x8) (1 + x16) (1 + x32) (1
+ x64)
= (1 - x4) (1 + x4) (1 + x8) (1 + x16) (1 + x32) (1 + x64)
and so on we get
(1-x)P = (1 x128) or P = (1 x128)/ (1-x)
34. a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 = (a + b + c + d)2 2(ab + ac + ad +
bc + bd + cd) = 40. For d to be greatest, a, b and c must
be least and equal. So let a = b = c = x
2
=> x = 8 d and 3 8 d + d2 = 40

=> d 4d 14 = 0 => dmax = 2 + 32

4n 4n2 1

35. f(n) =

2n 1 2n 1

2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
2n 1 2n 1
2n 1 2n 1 = 2n 1 2n 1
2
2n 1 2n 1

2n 1

So f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + + f(40)

=

2 40 1

28. Note that 0 = (x+y +z)2 = x2 +y2 +z2 +2xy +2yz +2zx.
Rearranging, we get that xy +yz +zx = -1/2*( x2 +y2
+z2), so that in fact the quantity is always equal to -1/2.

2 1 1

1
x y
x

36. Let

27. From ca=b2a we get c = b2. From 2c=2.4a => 2c=22a+1 or c

= 2a + 1. Combining results we get a = (b2-1)/2 and
therefore (b2-1)/2 +b +b2 = 16 or 3b2+2B33=0.
Thus (3b+11)(b-3)=0. But when b =3, c=9, and a=4,
abc>0
Therefore b = -11/3, c = 121/9, a = 56/9 and 9a -6b +9c =
199.

becomes

= 729 1 =364
2

and

y 6 z2
y3 z

1
x3

z , so the expression

y 3 z = 3y = 3 x . By AM-GM
x

inequality we know that x 1 2 . Hence minimum

value of the expression is 6.

37. For x = y = 0, we have F(0)[F(0) 1] = 0 => F(0) = 0 or
1. For x = 2010 and y = 0, we have F(0)[F(2010) 1] =
2010
=> F(0) 0 and F(0) = 1 hence F(2010) = 2010 + 1 =
2011
38. a2 4(b + 2) = a2 + b2 (b2 + 4b + 8)

0.

So a + b b + 4b + 8 => a + b (b + 2)2 + 4
=> a2 + b2 4. Hence the required minimum value is 4
2

29.

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 solutions
39. P(x) = (x19 200x18) (x18 200x17) + (x17
200x16) - ... (x2 200x) + x. So P(201) = 200

49.

3x 31

40. By given two equation we find that a + b + c =

abc = 1
Now M =

x 2x 3

1
1
1

1 a ab 1 b bc 1 c ca (1)

-2 5 = -10
50.
62 5 A B
2
6 2 5 A B
2

bc
ca
ab
..(3)

1 b bc 1 c ca 1 a ab
Adding (1), (2) and (3), we get
3M = 3 => M = 1
=> M =

6 2 5 A 2 AB B
6 A B

41. Let S = 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 ...

4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512
So S = 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 ...
32

64

128

256

512

1024

Subtracting the two we get,

S = 1 1 1 2 3 5 8 ...
4
16 32 64 128 256 512
1
1
= S Hence S = 1
4 4
42. Total number of houses = 39 + 66 1 = 104

2 5 2 AB 5 AB
A AB B 6 5 11

51. Each root will be reduced by 5. Hence the roots of new

equation M(x+5) = {-5, -3, -8}
52. We have {} +{-} = (-3) + (--(-4)) = 4-3 = 1
53. {x} is a proper fraction hence -1<{x}<1
54. 2x + {x} =2x + x-[x]=3x-[x] = 2.1

43. Total numbers should a number of the form 4k + 1 near

80. So most probable such number is 81. Sum of first 81
natural numbers is 3321. Sum of given 80 numbers is
40.75*80 = 3260, so number 61 was removed.
44. First

find

the

critical

numbers

of

the

function.

so
that
means
that
f ( x) x3 x 2 x 19 ,
2
f '( x) 3x 2 x 1 . f '( x) (3x 1)( x 1) , the critical

It is clear that x cannot be greater than equal to 2. Thus

[x] = or [x] = 1. Solving these separately gives x = 2.1/3
= 7/10 and x = 3.1/3 = 31/30. The required sum =
21/30 + 31/30 = 26/15
55. a log 6 3 b log 6 2 c log 6 5 5 3 2 5

a b c

65 3a 2b5c 3525 a 5 b 5 c 0

numbers are x 1 , 1 . To determine which is the relative

min and which is the relative max, use those values in

the second derivative test f ''( x) 6 x 2 . Testing x 1
, we get -4. This is less than 0, and therefore must be the
relative maximum. Testing at x 1 , we get 4, which is
3
greater than 0. So this is our relative minimum. So now
we know that A 1 and

x5

Let x = 3 A = 5

c
a
b

1 c (1 / b) 1 a (1 / c) 1 b (1 / a)

16

x3

Let x = -5 B = -2

1
1
1

1 a (1 / c) 1 b (1 / a) 1 c (1 / b)
c
a
b
=> M =
..(2)

1 c ac 1 a ab 1 b bc

3x 31 A(x 5) B(x 3)

=> M =

=> M =

B 1. So AB 3 .

45. There are 73 students between 7 and 81; therefore, there

must also be 73 students between 81 and 7. Six of these
are students 1 through 6, while the remaining 67 are
students 82 through 148.

56.

57.

x 56 56 x 2
56 x x 2 x 56 0
x 8x 7 0 x 7,8 x 7

log 3 x 5 log 9 x 2 3x 10 log 3 x 5

log 3

x 3x 10 x 5
2

x 2 3x 10

x 2 10 x 25 x 2 3x 10 7 x 35 x 5
Since this solution causes the
undefined, there are no solutions.

58. If we make

y3 x,

expression

to

be

then we have y 3 7 y 2 7 y 15 .

46. Using the formulas for the sum and product of the roots,
we have 10/3 c =8/3c, which gives c = {4/3, 2}. Since
c is an integer, c = 2, and ab = 8/3x2 = 4/3.

By looking at this equation, we can see that -1 is a

solution and by synthetic division we get y 2 8 y 15 .

47. Out of 128 only 1 winner hence 127 team will loss
therefore number of matches to be played = 127

other roots. We must then set these zeros equal to

48. Since this is cubic function, taking difference of

consecutive terms 3 times will result in equal difference.
-1
-5
-4
0
4
10
6
6
Thus f(6)-73

-5
5
31
10
26
f(6)-31
16
f(6)-57
f(6)-73
= 6 or f(6) = 79

f(6)

This factors to y 5 y 3 which gives us 3 and 5 as

3

x to

get the roots of the original equation, which are -1, 27

and 125 and sum to 151.
59. We have (x+y)(y+z) = xy + xz + y2 + yz = xz
+y(x+y+z) = xz + 1/xzWhere we have used the
condition xyz(x + y + z) = 1 to get the last equality.
Applying AM, GM inequality gives

( x y )( y z ) xz

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1
1
2 xz 2
xz
zx

 solutions
60. Since the sum of the roots is 15, 5 must be a root.
Therefore, x3-15x2+71x-105 = (x-5)(x2-10x+21) = (x5)(x-3)(x-7), so the roots are 3, 5, and 7, making their
common difference 2

70. Solution:

F n 1

2F n 1
2

f(n+1) f(n) = 1/2

f(2) f(1) = 1/2
f(3) f(2) = 1/2
.
.
f(101) f(100) = 1/2
adding we get
f(101) - f(1) = 50 = > f(101) = 52.

61.

62.

71. Substitute x with 2/x we get

72.

4cx2 2bx a 0

x2 + 6x + y2 = 4 - (x+3)2 + y2 = 13
Also 13 = 4 + 9 => x+3 = 2, y = 3 or x+3 = 3, y =
2. Total 8 solutions

73.

x6+x3-2 =0
points.

x3 = 1, -2 or x = 1, -21/3 Hence two

74. Cyclicity is observed, take p = q = r = 2 and

x = y = z = 1. We get the value of expression = 1.
75. For ax2 + bx + c, a >0 the minimum value is at x = b/2a. Comparing at putting the value we
have
a
= -p/8 => p = -8a. put in option and check. We get 15a
+ 2p <0
76.
2

1
6ab 3 2a 3b 1
3
6ab
1
2a 3b
3
6ab
2a 3b

63. x + 2xy + 2y 10y + 3 = (x+y) + (y-5) -22.

The minimum value of the expression will be when (x+y)
= (y-5) = 0. Hence -22.
64. f(-4) = 2x(-4)+5 = -3 => f(-3) = 2x(-3)+5 = -1 => f(-1)
= 5 => f(5)= 52 1 = 24.
65. Sum of the coefficients of f(x) is at x= 1.
Given f(3x-5) = x4- x3 -3x +7, putting x = 2 we get f(1)
= 24- 23 -3x2 +7 = 9.
66. The constant term = f(0) ; putting x = -2 we get
f(0) = -13
67. The first common term = 21
The common difference = LCM of common difference of
the two series i.e. 4 and 5 = 20.
Let there be n terms common hence the series of
common term has first term a = 21 common difference d
= 20. The last term = 21 + (n-1)x20 417 => n = 20.
68. x cannot fraction not negative integer and cannot be
more than 3. Put x = 1, 2 and 3 and check the equation
only x = 3 satisfies. Hence only one solution.
69. If all the polynomials had real roots, their discriminants
would all be nonnegative: a24bc; b24ca; c24ab
Multiplying these inequalities gives (abc)264(abc)2, a
contradiction. Hence one of the quadratics has no real
roots. The maximum of 4 real roots is attainable: for
example, the values (a; b; c) = (1; 5; 6) give -2; -3 as
roots to x2 + 5x + 6 and -1/2; -1/3 roots to 6x2 + 5x + 1.

Given 2a +3b+ 1/6ab = 3 that means AM = GM hence all

terms should be equal i.e. 2a = 3b = 1/6ab = 1
a = 1/2 , b = 1/3. Putting in a2 + b2 +ab = 19/36
77.

x
2q applying componendo and dividendo we get

4p p q
x 4 p 3q p Similarly we get x 4q 3 p q

x 4q
pq
x 4p q p
Therefore x 4 p x 4q 3q p 3 p q 2
x 4 p x 4q q p
pq

78. Subtract the two equation we get x4 5x2 + 4 = 0.

Solving for x we have x = 1, 2
For all 4 values of x the corresponding value of y is
positive hence answer is 4.
79. Clearly, since (0, 0) is an intercept, e must be 0. But if
d was 0, x2 would divide the polynomial, which means it
would have a double root at 0, which is impossible, since
all five roots are distinct.
80. we have a + b + c = 0, and so the desired answer
is (a+b)3 + (b+c)3 + (c+a)3 = -(c3) - (a3) - (b3). We
know that if a + b + c = 0 then, a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
Therefore ( a3 + b3 + c3) = -3abc = -3x(-2008)/8 = 753

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