2008 JC PROMOTION EXAMS (H2 MATHS)

Topic: Techniques and Applications of Differentiation

1

DH/Promo 08/Q1
Differentiate the following with respect to x:
(a)

esec(2 x ) ,

(b)

sin 1

[2]

1 2x 2 ,

[3]

leaving your answers in the simplest form.

NYJC/Promo 08/Q3
Differentiate each of the following with respect to x, simplifying your answers.
x
(a) ln
2
1+ x
(b) x 2 cos x3

[2]

( )

(c) tan 1 5x 4

[3]

[2]

PJC/Promo 08/Q1
Differentiate each of the following with respect to x:

(a)
(b)

xe x ,
sin 3 2x .

[2]
[2]

YJC/Promo 08/Q11
Differentiate with respect to x:
2

(a)

ex
,
cos x

[3]

(b)

sin1 (x2)

[2]

MJC/Promo 08/Q10
(a)

A curve has equation xy 2 + 3e y = 4 x . Find

(b) A curve has parametric equations x =

Find

2t
,
t +1

dy
in terms of x and y.
dx

y = ln ( sin t ) .

dy
in terms of t .
dx

(c) Given y = x + 1 x 2 cos 1 x , show that

[3]

[3]
dy x ( x y )
=
.
dx
1 x2

[3]

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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 1 of 13)

TPJC/Promo 08/Q5
(a)

Determine the derivative of each of the following with respect to x:

2
(i)
sin 4x
(ii)

(b)

ln

[3]

8x 7
e2 x

[3]

Find the gradient of the curve given by the equation sin( xy ) + 3 y 2 =

5
at the point
4

1
, , giving your answer in exact form.
3 2

[4]

IJC/Promo 08/Q5
The point A ( 2e , e ) lies on the curve whose equation is
x
2
ln ( x y ) + sin
4 xy = 2 8e .
4e

Find the value of

dy
at A, leaving your answer in terms of e.
dx

[5]

AJC/Promo 08/Q1
(a) Differentiate sin ( cos 1 (3 x) ) , leaving your answer in the simplest form.

[2]

(b) A curve C has parametric equations

x = sin ,
y = 1 cos ,

0 2 .
1
At the point on the curve with parameter , the gradient is .
2
Show that 2 sin + cos = 1 .

[3]

DH/Promo 08/Q7
A curve is defined by the equation 8 y 2 + x 2 4 x 2 y = 4 .

(i)
(ii)

10

Find

dy
in terms of x and y.
dx

[2]

1
The curve meets the line y = x at the point P. Find the equation of the
2
normal at point P.

[4]

MI/Promo 08 PU2/P2/Q5
(a) A curve is defined parametrically by x = t 2 4 , y = 3t 4 + 8t 3 , where t R .
Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point where t = 1 .

[4]

(b) A curve is defined by the equation x3 + y 3 + 3 xy 1 = 0 .

Find the equation of the normal to the curve at the point (2, 1).

[4]

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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 2 of 13)

11

SRJC/Promo 08/Q7
The equation of a curve is ( x + 2 y ) 2 + 3( x y )2 = 27 .
(i) Show, by differentiation, that the gradient at the point (x, y) on the curve may be
dy y 4 x
=
.
expressed in the form
dx 7 y x
(ii) Find the equations of the tangent to the curve that are parallel to the y-axis.

12

[3]

SRJC/Promo 08/Q10
1
1
<x< .
2
2
dy
and determine the value of
at the point where x = 0 .
dx

It is given that x and y satisfy the equation y = e

(i) Show that

dy
2y
=
dx
1 4x2

sin 1 ( 2 x )

d2 y
dy
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, show that (1 4 x ) 2 4 x
= 4y .
dx
dx
2

13

[3]

[3]

[3]

CJC/Promo 08/Q5
(i)

Sketch the curve defined parametrically by the equations

x = t 2 + t , y = 2t 1 , 1 t 1 .
In your sketch, indicate clearly the axial intercepts and the end-points of this curve.

[3]

(ii) Find the coordinates of the point on the curve at which the tangent is parallel to the y[3]
axis.

14

JJC/Promo 08/Q2
(a) Differentiate tan 1 ( ln x ) with respect to x.

[2]

(b) Show that the tangent to the curve y = e x sin 2 x at x =

is perpendicular to the line

y = e4 x.

15

[3]

ACJC/Promo 08/Q12
A curve C is given parametrically by the equations x = at 2 , y = 2at .
Show that the normal at the point with parameter t has equation y + tx = 2at + at 3 .

[4]

The normal at the point P ( 9a, 6a ) cuts C again at the point Q. Find the coordinates of Q. [4]

16

CJC/Promo 08/Q8
The parametric equations of a curve are x = ln(cos ), y = ln(sin ), 0 < <
equation of the tangent to the curve at the point where =

. Find the

, leaving your answer in the

4
form of y = ax + b where a and b are exact values to be found.
[4]

Explain, using an algebraic method, why the tangent will not meet the curve again.
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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 3 of 13)

[2]

17

PJC/Promo 08/Q10
A curve is defined parametrically by the equations
2
x = 2u 2 and y = .
u
The point P on the curve has parameter u = 1 .
(i) Find the equation of the tangent at P.

[3]

(ii) Determine whether this tangent at P intersects the curve again.

[3]

(iii) Find the value of u at the point where the normal to the curve is parallel to
1
the line y = 1 + x .
4

18

TJC/Promo 08/Q5
1

A curve C is defined by the parametric equations x =

1+ t

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

19

[2]

Find

, y = t + 1 where t 0 .

dy
in terms of t.
dx

[2]

1
Find the value of t at the point P where curve C cuts another curve y = 2 2 .
[2]
x
Without using a graphic calculator, find the equation of the tangent to the curve C
at the point P.
[2]

VJC/Promo 08/Q4
The equation of a curve is x 2 2xy + 2y 2 = 1. Find the equations of the two tangents which
are parallel to the line y = x.
[5]

20

21

YJC/Promo 08/Q12
1
4
, y=t+ .
t
3t

(a)

A curve has parametric equations x = 3t

(b)

Find the exact value(s) of t at the point(s) on the curve at which the gradient is 1 . [4]
6
Find, without the use of graphing calculators, the equation of the normal to the curve
y x + 3e y = 3 at the point (0 , 0) .
[4]

SAJC/Promo 08/Q12
A curve has parametric equations x = 3cos , y = 2 + sin , where 0 2 .

(a)

Show that the equation of the tangent to the curve at a point P where =
y+

3
x4=0.
3

[3]

(b)

Find the equation of the normal to the curve at the same point P where =

(c)

The tangent and normal at P meets the y-axis at T and N respectively.

Find the exact area of triangle PNT.

(d)

is

Determine the rate of change of xy when =

rate of 0.1 units per second.

[3]
[3]

, given that x increases at a constant

[5]

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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 4 of 13)

22

CJC/Promo 08/Q15
(a)

A closed container is constructed using a sheet of metal with area 100 cm2. The container
comprises 2 shapes, a cone and a cylinder. The slant height, l, of the cone is 10 cm. Given
that the cone and the cylinder share the same height h, and radius r,
100 r 2 10r
(i) show that h =
[1]
,
2r
(ii) find the exact radius when the volume of the container is maximum.
[6]
1 2
[Volume of Cone = r h , Curved Surface Area of Cone = rl ]
3

(a) The diagram below shows the graph of y = f ( x ) with stationary point (0, h) and three
asymptotes x = a , x = a and y = b , where a > 0 and b > 0 .

(0,h)

y = f (x )

Sketch the graph of y = f ' ( x ) , labeling clearly all asymptote(s) and axial
intercept(s).
[3]

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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 5 of 13)

23

PJC/Promo 08/Q2
It is given that f ( x) = x( x + 1) ( x 6 ) .

(i)
(ii)

24

Sketch the graphs of y = f (x) and y = f ( x) on the same diagram, indicating clearly
the coordinates of the axial intercepts (if any).
[2]
State the set of values of x for which the graph of y = f (x) is concave downwards. [1]

IJC/Promo 08/Q6

y
k

y = f ( x)
a

b
The diagram shows the graph of y = f ( x ) . The curve cuts the x-axis at ( a , 0 ) and

( a , 0 ) , and has a stationary point at ( 0, b ) . The line y = k is an asymptote.

(i) State the x-coordinates of the stationary points of the curve y = f ( x ) , and determine the
nature of each point.
[3]
(ii) State the range of values of x for which the graph of y = f ( x ) is
(a) strictly increasing,
(b) concave downwards.

25

[1]
[1]

JJC/Promo 08/Q8
(a) A curve C is given by x 2 + 3 y 2 + 2 xy = 3 k where k is a constant. Find the range of
values of k for which C does not have any tangent parallel to the x-axis.
[5]
(b) A graph G is given by the parametric equations x = 2 sin 2 , y = 2 + cos 2 , where
0 < <

.
2
dy

Find
, and state with a reason, whether G is increasing or decreasing for 0 < < .[4]
dx
2

26

SAJC/Promo 08/Q6
The perimeter of an isosceles triangle of base length x cm and two sides of equal length y cm
x
each is 12 cm. Show that its area can be expressed as
36 6 x .
2
Hence show that the area is maximum when the triangle is equilateral.
[8]

27

HCI/Promo 08/Q7
x

Find the distance between a point (x, y) on the curve y = e 2 and the point (1, 1) in terms
x

of x. Hence find the coordinates of the point on the curve y = e 2 that is closest to the
point (1, 1), giving your answer correct to 3 decimal places.
[6]
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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 6 of 13)

28

JJC/Promo 08/Q12
(a) An inverted right circular cone of
radius 2 cm and height 6 cm is
inscribed in a larger right circular cone
of radius 5 cm and height 10 cm. The
two bases are parallel and the vertex of
the smaller cone lies at the centre of
the base of the larger cone.
Water is flowing from a hole at the
vertex of the larger cone to the smaller

2 cm
10 cm
6 cm

5 cm

cm /s.
16
At time t seconds, the volume and the depth of the water in the smaller cone are V cm3
and h cm respectively.
1
(i) Show that V =
h3 .
[2]
27
(ii) Calculate the exact rate of change of h when h = 2.
[2]
cone at a constant rate of

(b)
R

The diagram above shows a rectangle PQRS inscribed in a semi-circle with radius 10
cm.
If PQ = x cm, find, in terms of x, an expression for the perimeter p cm of the rectangle
PQRS.
Show that the area A cm2 of the rectangle PQRS is given by A =
Find the exact value of p when A has its stationary value.

29

x
400 x 2 .
2

[7]

MJC/Promo 08/Q7
(a) A curve is given parametrically by the equations
x = 3t 2 6t ,

y = 4t 3 5 .

Find the coordinates of the point on the curve where the normal is parallel to the x-axis.

[3]
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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 7 of 13)

(b) A spherical balloon is being inflated, and at the instant when its radius is 10 cm, its
surface area is increasing at a rate of 6.4 cm2 s1. Find the rate of increase, at the same
instant, of (i) the radius, (ii) the volume.

[4]

4
[The volume and the surface area of a sphere with radius r are respectively V = r 3
3
2
and A = 4 r .]

30

MI/Promo 08 PU2/P2/Q4
A coffee-maker is made up of a cylindrical coffee pot, with diameter of 8 cm, and a conical
filter in the form of an inverted cone with semi-vertical angle of 60 as shown in the
diagram.

60

8 cm

Show that, when the depth of coffee in the conical filter is x cm, the volume of coffee in the
filter, V cm3, is given by V = x3.

[1]

Coffee is draining from the vertex of the filter into the coffee pot at a rate of 2 cm3 s1.
Find the rate at which
(i)

the depth of coffee in the coffee pot is changing,

[3]

(ii) the depth of coffee in the filter is changing at the instant when the depth of coffee in the
5
filter is cm .
[3]
3
1
[The formula for volume of a cone is V = r 2 h .]
3

31

NJC/Promo 08/Q1
An open rectangular box with a square base is to be constructed using 48cm2 of paper
cardboard. Determine the dimensions of the box such that it has the largest possible volume.
[5]
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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 8 of 13)

32

PJC/Promo 08/Q3
Water is dripping from the vertex of a conical filter with a semivertical angle of 30.

h
30

Show that the curved surface area, A cm2, of the conical filter that is in contact with the
4
water is given by A = h 2 , where h cm is the depth of the water.
[2]
3
When the water level in the conical filter is 8 cm, the rate of decrease of the water level is
0.36 cm s-1. Find the rate of decrease of the curved surface area of the conical filter that is in
contact with the water at this instant.
[3]
[The curved surface area of a cone with base radius r and slant height l is given by 2 rl .]

33

PJC/Promo 08/Q7
A right cylindrical can of drink with base radius r and height h is made to hold a fixed
volume V.
(i) Find an expression for the total surface area, A, in terms of r, V and .
[4]
(ii) Find an expression for r in terms of V and , which minimizes A.
[2]

34

RJC/Promo 08/Q3
Two concentric circles have radii R and r, where R > r.
R increases at a constant rate of 1 cm per minute and the area between the two circles remains
constant at 25cm2. At the instant when R = 5 cm, find the exact rate of increase of

(i) the area of the smaller circle,

[2]

(ii) r.

[3]
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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 9 of 13)

35

RJC/Promo 08/Q7

The above diagram shows the points A(0, 3) and B(5, 4). P is a variable point with
coordinates (x, 0), where x > 0. Let f(x) be the length of the path APB (i.e. AP + PB).
Show that
f(x) =

x 2 + 9 + (5 x)2 + 16 .

[1]

By differentiation and without using a graphic calculator, find the value of x that
minimizes f(x). Hence find the minimum length of the path APB.
[5]

36

TPJC/Promo 08/Q4
A metallic cuboid has a square base of width 2x m and height y m. A cylindrical hole of
diameter x m and height y m is bore through the cuboid as shown in the diagram. The
2x
1
volume of the remaining solid, V, is kept constant at m3.
4

Show that the total exposed surface area of the remaining

solid (including the curved surface area created by the
hollow), is given by

8+ 1
A = 8 x2 +

16 x
Hence show that A is minimum when x3 =

37

8+
.
(16 ) 2

2x

[7]

YJC/Promo 08/Q13
(a) A solid cylinder of base radius r and height h has a fixed volume V. Show that its total
2V
surface area S can be expressed as S = 2 r 2 +
. Hence, show using a non-calculator
r
method, that S will be the least when the height of the cylinder is equal to the diameter
of its base. [You do not need to verify that the value of S obtained is the least value.] [4]
(b) The height of an upright cone is twice the radius, r, of its circular base. It is known that
the volume of the cone is increasing at the rate of 15 cm 3 min 1 when the radius is 3
cm. Find the rate of increase of the base area of the cone at this instant.
[4]
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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 10 of 13)

2008 H2 Mathematics JC Promotion Examinations

Techniques and Applications of Differentiation
S/No College/Qn No.

Answers
(a) 2 sec ( 2 x ) tan ( 2 x ) e

DHS / Q1

NYJC / Q3

(b)

sec( 2 x )

2x
x 1 2x2

1 x2
(i)
x(1 + x 2 )

(ii) 2 x cos x 3 x sin x

20 x 3
(iii)
1 + 25 x8

PJC / Q1

(a) e x (2 x 2 + 1)
(b) 6sin 2 2 x cos 2 x
2

YJC / Q11

e x (2 x cos x + sin x)
(i)
(ii)
cos 2 x
(a)

dy
4 y2
=
dx 2 xy + 3e y

(b)

dy 1
= (1 + t ) 2 cot t
dx 2

MJC / Q5

2x
1 x4

(b) (i) 8cos ec 4 x cot 4 x

6

1 8

(ii)
4x
2 8x 7

TPJC /Q10
(b)

3 3
2(18 + 3)

IJC / Q5

1 4e 2
1 + 8e2

AJC / Q1

(a)

(i)

DHS / Q7

9 x
1 9x2
4 xy x
8 y 2x2

(ii) y = 1
(a) y = 6 x 23 (b) y = x 3

10

MI /Q5

11

SRJC / Q7

(ii) y = 2, x = 7

12

SRJC / Q10

(i) 2
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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 11 of 13)

13

CJC / Q5

14

JJC / Q2

15

ACJC / Q12

(i)

(0, 3), (0, 1), (3/4, 0), (2, 1)

(ii)

, 2
4

1
x 1 + (ln x) 2

(a)

22
121
Q
a, a
3
9
(a)(i) 2 x( x tan 2 x + ln(sec 2 x ))

16

(ii)

CJC / Q8

(b)

17

18

PJC / Q10

TJC / Q5

1
e2 x 1
dy y
=
dx
x

1
(i) y = x + 3
2
(ii) will not intersect
1
(iii) u =
2
(i)

dy
= 3t
dx

1+ t2

(ii) t = 1 (iii) y = 6 2 x 6

19

VJC / Q4

20

YJC / Q12

y = x 1
y = x +1
(a) t = 3

(b) y = 2 x

(b) y = 3 x 2
9 3
units 2
2
(d) 0.1 sq. units / s

21

SAJC / Q12

(c)

22

CJC / Q15

(b)

23

PJC / Q2

x<

24

IJC / Q6

1
r = 3 cm
3
5
3

(i) x = a , the pt is a max. pt.

x = a , the pt is a min. pt.
(ii) (a) x < a or x > a
(b) x < 0
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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 12 of 13)

(a) k > 3

25

JJC / Q8

26

SAJC / Q6

27

HCI / Q7

28

JJC / Q12

(b)

dy
= 2 , G is increasing
dx

(x 1)2 + (ex/2 1)2 , (0.702, 1.420)

(a)(ii)

dh 9
=
cm/s (b) p = 30 2cm
dt 64

(a) ( 3, 1)

29

MJC / Q7

(b) (i) 0.0255 cm s 1

(ii) 32 cm3 s 1
(i)

1
or 0.125 cm s1
8

30

MI / Q4

31

NJC / Q1

4 cm x 4 cm x 2 cm

32

PJC /Q3

7.68 cm 2 s 1

(ii)

6
= 0.24 cm s1
25

2V
(i) A = 2 r 2 +

33

PJC / Q7

V 3
(ii) r =

2
1
<m<0
e ln 2

34

RJC / Q3

35

RJC / Q7

15
, 8.60 (to 3 s.f.)
7

36

TPJC / Q4

37

YJC / Q13

(b) 5 cm 2 min 1

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2008 JC Promo (H2 MA) Techniques and Application of Differentiation (Page 13 of 13)