Code No: 26068 RR Set No.

2
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations,February 2010
HIGH SPEED AERODYNAMICS
Aeronautical Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Define adiabatic bulk modulus of a gas.

(b) Show that for an ideal gas in an isothermal process, the bulk modulus is equal
to pressure. 1m3 of a fluid at a pressure of 1 bar is compressed isothermally
to a volume of 0.885m3 raising its pressure to 3600 bar.
(c) Determine its bulk modulus of elasticity. [5+5+6]

2. Define the compressibility of air as a medium in aerodynamics. Establish the lowest

Mach number at which it starts showing its presence. Show that the pressure
coefficient Cp at Mach number is different from that in an incompressible flow.
Can you show it by another method? Make use of sketches and plots. [16]

3. A Pitot tube was inserted into an airflow where the static pressure is 1atm. Cal-
culate the flow Mach number when the Pitot tube measures

(a) 1.276 atm

(b) 2.714 atm
(c) 12.06 atm.
(d) Derive the Rayleigh’s Pitot tube formula used [3+3+3+7]

4. The equation of 2-D motion of fluid in small perturbation potential is given by

2 ∂2φ 2 ∂2φ
(1 − M∞ ) ∂x2 + ∂∂yφ2 = M∞
2
(γ + 1) ∂φ
∂x ∂x2
, where φ is the perturbation potential and
M∞ is the free stream Mach number of the flow. Develop the expression for the
pressure coefficient Cp [Cp = 1p−p
ρ V2
∞
in incompressible flow ] in terms of the flow
2 ∞ ∞
over an elongated body. [16]

5. A supersonic flow with M1 = 2.0, p1 = 1 atm, and T1 = 520 K is expanded around

a sharp corner through a deflection angle of 23.380 . Calculate M2 , p2 , T2 , p0,2 , T0,2
and the angles that the forward and rearward Mach lines make with respect to the
up stream flow. [16]

6. A nozzle in a supersonic wind tunnel produces a test section Mach number of 2.0.
Air enters the C-D nozzle from a reservoir at 0.69 bar and 310 K. The cross-sectional
area of the throat is 1000 cm2 . Determine the following quantities;

(a) Pressure, temperature and velocity at the throat and test section,
(b) Area of cross-section of the test section,
(c) Mass flow rate and

1
Code No: 26068 RR Set No. 2
(d) Power required to drive the compressor. [16]

7. Consider a thin wedge placed in a supersonic flow.

(a) Explain difference between a shock wave and a Mach wave.

(b) Hence show that the down stream Mach number M2 is given in terms of Mn,2
Mn,2
as given below: M2 = sin(β−θ) , where θ = the semi wedge angle and β = the
shock angle measured from the axis of the wedge.
(c) Confirm from your work out that the tangential component of the flow velocity
is constant across an oblique shock. [5+6+5]

8. Derive the following relation for one dimensional isentropic flow as given blow;
 (γ+1)/2(γ−1)
A 1 2 γ−1 2
A∗
= M γ+1
+ γ+1
M . Explain its significance in gas dynamics. [16]

?????

2
Code No: 26068 RR Set No. 4
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations,February 2010
HIGH SPEED AERODYNAMICS
Aeronautical Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. Derive the following relation for one dimensional isentropic flow as given blow;
 (γ+1)/2(γ−1)
A 1 2 γ−1 2
A∗
= M γ+1
+ γ+1
M . Explain its significance in gas dynamics. [16]

2. A supersonic flow with M1 = 2.0, p1 = 1 atm, and T1 = 520 K is expanded around

a sharp corner through a deflection angle of 23.380 . Calculate M2 , p2 , T2 , p0,2 , T0,2
and the angles that the forward and rearward Mach lines make with respect to the
up stream flow. [16]

3. (a) Define adiabatic bulk modulus of a gas.

(b) Show that for an ideal gas in an isothermal process, the bulk modulus is equal
to pressure. 1m3 of a fluid at a pressure of 1 bar is compressed isothermally
to a volume of 0.885m3 raising its pressure to 3600 bar.
(c) Determine its bulk modulus of elasticity. [5+5+6]

4. The equation of 2-D motion of fluid in small perturbation potential is given by

2 ∂2φ 2 ∂2φ
(1 − M∞ ) ∂x2 + ∂∂yφ2 = M∞
2
(γ + 1) ∂φ
∂x ∂x2
, where φ is the perturbation potential and
M∞ is the free stream Mach number of the flow. Develop the expression for the
pressure coefficient Cp [Cp = 1p−p
ρ V2
∞
in incompressible flow ] in terms of the flow
2 ∞ ∞
over an elongated body. [16]

5. A Pitot tube was inserted into an airflow where the static pressure is 1atm. Cal-
culate the flow Mach number when the Pitot tube measures

(a) 1.276 atm

(b) 2.714 atm
(c) 12.06 atm.
(d) Derive the Rayleigh’s Pitot tube formula used [3+3+3+7]

6. Define the compressibility of air as a medium in aerodynamics. Establish the lowest

Mach number at which it starts showing its presence. Show that the pressure
coefficient Cp at Mach number is different from that in an incompressible flow.
Can you show it by another method? Make use of sketches and plots. [16]

7. A nozzle in a supersonic wind tunnel produces a test section Mach number of 2.0.
Air enters the C-D nozzle from a reservoir at 0.69 bar and 310 K. The cross-sectional
area of the throat is 1000 cm2 . Determine the following quantities;

(a) Pressure, temperature and velocity at the throat and test section,

3
Code No: 26068 RR Set No. 4
(b) Area of cross-section of the test section,
(c) Mass flow rate and
(d) Power required to drive the compressor. [16]

8. Consider a thin wedge placed in a supersonic flow.

(a) Explain difference between a shock wave and a Mach wave.

(b) Hence show that the down stream Mach number M2 is given in terms of Mn,2
Mn,2
as given below: M2 = sin(β−θ) , where θ = the semi wedge angle and β = the
shock angle measured from the axis of the wedge.
(c) Confirm from your work out that the tangential component of the flow velocity
is constant across an oblique shock. [5+6+5]

?????

4
Code No: 26068 RR Set No. 1
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations,February 2010
HIGH SPEED AERODYNAMICS
Aeronautical Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. A nozzle in a supersonic wind tunnel produces a test section Mach number of 2.0.
Air enters the C-D nozzle from a reservoir at 0.69 bar and 310 K. The cross-sectional
area of the throat is 1000 cm2 . Determine the following quantities;

(a) Pressure, temperature and velocity at the throat and test section,
(b) Area of cross-section of the test section,
(c) Mass flow rate and
(d) Power required to drive the compressor. [16]

2. (a) Define adiabatic bulk modulus of a gas.

(b) Show that for an ideal gas in an isothermal process, the bulk modulus is equal
to pressure. 1m3 of a fluid at a pressure of 1 bar is compressed isothermally
to a volume of 0.885m3 raising its pressure to 3600 bar.
(c) Determine its bulk modulus of elasticity. [5+5+6]

3. Derive the following relation for one dimensional isentropic flow as given blow;
 (γ+1)/2(γ−1)
A 1 2 γ−1 2
A∗
= M γ+1 + γ+1 M . Explain its significance in gas dynamics. [16]

4. Define the compressibility of air as a medium in aerodynamics. Establish the lowest

Mach number at which it starts showing its presence. Show that the pressure
coefficient Cp at Mach number is different from that in an incompressible flow.
Can you show it by another method? Make use of sketches and plots. [16]

5. Consider a thin wedge placed in a supersonic flow.

(a) Explain difference between a shock wave and a Mach wave.

(b) Hence show that the down stream Mach number M2 is given in terms of Mn,2
Mn,2
as given below: M2 = sin(β−θ) , where θ = the semi wedge angle and β = the
shock angle measured from the axis of the wedge.
(c) Confirm from your work out that the tangential component of the flow velocity
is constant across an oblique shock. [5+6+5]

6. The equation of 2-D motion of fluid in small perturbation potential is given by

2 ∂2φ 2 ∂2φ
(1 − M∞ ) ∂x2 + ∂∂yφ2 = M∞
2
(γ + 1) ∂φ
∂x ∂x2
, where φ is the perturbation potential and
M∞ is the free stream Mach number of the flow. Develop the expression for the
pressure coefficient Cp [Cp = 1p−p
ρ V2
∞
in incompressible flow ] in terms of the flow
2 ∞ ∞
over an elongated body. [16]

5
Code No: 26068 RR Set No. 1
7. A supersonic flow with M1 = 2.0, p1 = 1 atm, and T1 = 520 K is expanded around
a sharp corner through a deflection angle of 23.380 . Calculate M2 , p2 , T2 , p0,2 , T0,2
and the angles that the forward and rearward Mach lines make with respect to the
up stream flow. [16]

8. A Pitot tube was inserted into an airflow where the static pressure is 1atm. Cal-
culate the flow Mach number when the Pitot tube measures

(a) 1.276 atm

(b) 2.714 atm
(c) 12.06 atm.
(d) Derive the Rayleigh’s Pitot tube formula used [3+3+3+7]

?????

6
Code No: 26068 RR Set No. 3
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations,February 2010
HIGH SPEED AERODYNAMICS
Aeronautical Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Define adiabatic bulk modulus of a gas.

(b) Show that for an ideal gas in an isothermal process, the bulk modulus is equal
to pressure. 1m3 of a fluid at a pressure of 1 bar is compressed isothermally
to a volume of 0.885m3 raising its pressure to 3600 bar.
(c) Determine its bulk modulus of elasticity. [5+5+6]

2. Derive the following relation for one dimensional isentropic flow as given blow;
 (γ+1)/2(γ−1)
A 1 2 γ−1 2
A∗
= M γ+1 + γ+1 M . Explain its significance in gas dynamics. [16]

3. A Pitot tube was inserted into an airflow where the static pressure is 1atm. Cal-
culate the flow Mach number when the Pitot tube measures

(a) 1.276 atm

(b) 2.714 atm
(c) 12.06 atm.
(d) Derive the Rayleigh’s Pitot tube formula used [3+3+3+7]

4. The equation of 2-D motion of fluid in small perturbation potential is given by

2 ∂2φ 2 ∂2φ
(1 − M∞ ) ∂x2 + ∂∂yφ2 = M∞
2
(γ + 1) ∂φ
∂x ∂x2
, where φ is the perturbation potential and
M∞ is the free stream Mach number of the flow. Develop the expression for the
pressure coefficient Cp [Cp = 1p−p
ρ V2
∞
in incompressible flow ] in terms of the flow
2 ∞ ∞
over an elongated body. [16]

5. A nozzle in a supersonic wind tunnel produces a test section Mach number of 2.0.
Air enters the C-D nozzle from a reservoir at 0.69 bar and 310 K. The cross-sectional
area of the throat is 1000 cm2 . Determine the following quantities;

(a) Pressure, temperature and velocity at the throat and test section,
(b) Area of cross-section of the test section,
(c) Mass flow rate and
(d) Power required to drive the compressor. [16]

6. Define the compressibility of air as a medium in aerodynamics. Establish the lowest

Mach number at which it starts showing its presence. Show that the pressure
coefficient Cp at Mach number is different from that in an incompressible flow.
Can you show it by another method? Make use of sketches and plots. [16]

7
Code No: 26068 RR Set No. 3
7. A supersonic flow with M1 = 2.0, p1 = 1 atm, and T1 = 520 K is expanded around
a sharp corner through a deflection angle of 23.380 . Calculate M2 , p2 , T2 , p0,2 , T0,2
and the angles that the forward and rearward Mach lines make with respect to the
up stream flow. [16]

8. Consider a thin wedge placed in a supersonic flow.

(a) Explain difference between a shock wave and a Mach wave.

(b) Hence show that the down stream Mach number M2 is given in terms of Mn,2
Mn,2
as given below: M2 = sin(β−θ) , where θ = the semi wedge angle and β = the
shock angle measured from the axis of the wedge.
(c) Confirm from your work out that the tangential component of the flow velocity
is constant across an oblique shock. [5+6+5]

?????