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What is Universe?
The universe is commonly defined
as the totality of everything that
exists or is known to exist
This includes all matter and energy,
planets, stars, and galaxies; and the
contents of intergalactic space.
The Branch of Science which deals
with the study of universe is called
Cosmology.
Origin of Universe
There are many theories about origin of universe,
following are the major theories.
Future of Universe
There are different theories presented about the future of our
universe.
1. Open Universe Theory :
It states that universe will keep expanding.
Galaxy
Galaxy is fundamental unit of universe.
A system of millions or billions of stars, together with
interstellar gas and dust, held together by gravitational
attraction.
There are billions of Galaxies in the Universe. Some are
very small with only a few million stars. While others
could have as many as 400 billion stars, or even more.
There are three kinds of Galaxies, Spiral, Elliptical, and
Irregular. The only difference between the three is what
shape they are.
Our Galaxy?
Our Galaxy is called Milky Way.
Milky Way is Spiral Galaxy.
The region in space occupied by Milky
Way Galaxy is called Galactic Plane.
The Sun is not present at the centre of
Milky Way.
Arms of Spiral Galaxy are called Galactic Arms.
The Sun revolves around the nucleus of galaxy once in 225 to
250 million years. This duration is called The Cosmic Year or
Galactic Year.
The nearest spiral galaxy to the milky way is Andromeda
Galaxy.
Solar System
Solar System is tiny part of
Galaxy and consist of sun and all
the objects that travel around it.
It includes the earth and 7 to 8
other planets, along the satellites
that travel around most of them.
It further includes Asteroids,
Meteoroids,
Comets,
Interplanetary
dust
and
Interplanetary plasma.
Mercury
It is 2nd Smallest Planet
Closest to the Sun,
Its mean distance from sun is 0.387 (AU)
Its Diameter is 4,880 km
It takes 88 earth days to complete one revolution around
the sun.
Mercury is covered with holes called craters.
Mercury has no moon.
Mercury has no atmosphere.
Mercury is about the same size as our Moon
Venus
10
Earth
11
Mars
12
Jupiter
13
Saturn
14
Uranus
15
Neptune
16
Pluto
17
18
19