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Vertical transport of urban aerosol

particles across mountain topography


near the Los Angeles Basin
John Murray | Fordham University, Engineering Physics 16
Steven Schill | University of California, San Diego
Dr. Barry Lefer | NASA Headquarters
Dr. Timothy Bertram | University of Wisconsin - Madison

Aerosol Characterization & Transport


Solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas
Natural or anthropogenic/man-made
Large size range size affects transport

Ultra-High-Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer


(UHSAS)
Photodiode

S C AT T E R I N G

Intake

S C AT T E R I N G

Laser
Source

Photodiode

Reference
Photodiode

Ultra-High-Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer


(UHSAS)

Laser
Source

Intake

S C AT T E R I N G

dNdlogDp (#/cm-3)

Photodiode

Photodiode

Aerosol Diameter (nm)

Reference
Photodiode

dNdlogDp(cm-3)

June 23, 2015 AM Flight

LAX

Long
Beach

Time (FJD)

March
Ontario
AFB

Altitude (ft)

Particle Diameter (nm)

Missed Approaches

June 23, 2015 AM Flight

Altitude (ft)

Particle Diameter (nm)

19,000ft AGL

Time (FJD)

June 23, 2015 PM Flight

Altitude (ft)

Particle Diameter (nm)

14,500ft AGL

Time (FJD)

Morning
Flight
Anomaly

Afternoon
Flight
Anomaly

Topography-Driven Vertical Transport


The Mountain Chimney Effect

Elevated pollution layers

Return flow
Santa Monica Bay
San Gabriel
Mountains

Langford et al., Longrange transport of ozone from the Los Angeles Basin: A case study, 2010.
(based off figure from Lu and Turco, Ozone distributions over the Los Angeles Basin: three-dimensional simulations with the smog model, 1996)

4000m ASL

Langford et al., Longrange transport of ozone from the Los Angeles Basin: A case study, 2010.

Chimney effect observed in ozone studies of the LA Basin:


Modeling ozone transport in with SMOG, 1987
(Surface Meteorology and Ozone Generation model, UCLA)
LIDAR measurements via NOAA Twin Otter airborne platform, 2010

Chemical Tracers
Morning Flight
Anomaly

Ethane (pptv)
693
994
384

Propane (pptv)
70
130
19

Afternoon Flight
Anomaly

1474
1642
1358

475
674
540

Average from all


WAS samples

1207.1

481.302

Above average:
indicative of oil
field source

HYSPLIT Forward Trajectories

Conclusions
Higher concentrations of aerosol particles across a wider size range
can be observed in urban areas at low elevations AGL
In regions featuring mountain topography, such as the LA Basin &
the San Joaquin Valley (Bakersfield), aerosol particles may be
transported vertically via the mountain chimney effect

Becoming entrapped above the mixing layer, these high-elevation


aerosol particles may be transported over larger distances before
deposition
Source regions may affect the air quality of sink regions
a great distance away

Gratitude
Dr. Donald Blake
Sean Freeman
Nicholas Heath
Jason Schroeder & the WAS Group
The Star Spangled Scatter
Dr. Barry Lefer
Dr. Timothy Bertram
Steven Schill
Dr. Emily Schaller
Rick Shetter

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