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  • Direct Measurement of Atmospheric Ammonia From An Airborne Miniature Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (miniCIMS)

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    Kathleen Casados, Carleton College Ammonia is emitted in the atmosphere from a variety of sources such as trees, ocean, diary fields, biomass burning, and fuel emissions. Previous studies have investigated the impacts of atmospheric ammonia, which can include chemical reactivity, nucleation of fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5 ), and implications for human health. However, the chemical nature and relatively short atmospheric lifetime make ammonia a difficult gas to measure. During the 2015 NASA Science Airborne Research Program (SARP), an airborne miniature Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (miniCIMS) was deployed on the NASA DC-8 flying laboratory in the Southern California region. This study presents and validates these novel data with a correlation-based approach that examines measured ammonia concentrations with dimethyl sulfide (in marine regions), and monoterpines (in forest regions). The spatial and temporal variability of measured ammonia concentrations ranging from 0 to 25.56ppb will be discussed along with unique areas of interest including the Salton Sea.

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    Direct measurement of atmospheric ammonia from an airborne miniature chemical ionization mass spectrometer (miniCIMS)

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    Kathleen Casados, Carleton College Ammonia is emitted in the atmosphere from a variety of sources such as trees, ocean, diary fields, biomass burning, and fuel emissions. Previous studies have investigated the impacts of atmospheric ammonia, which can include chemical reactivity, nucleation of fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5 ), and implications for human health. However, the chemical nature and relatively short atmospheric lifetime make ammonia a difficult gas to measure. During the 2015 NASA Science Airborne Research Program (SARP), an airborne miniature Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (miniCIMS) was deployed on the NASA DC-8 flying laboratory in the Southern California region. This study presents and validates these novel data with a correlation-based approach that examines measured ammonia concentrations with dimethyl sulfide (in marine regions), and monoterpines (in forest regions). The spatial and temporal variability of measured ammonia concentrations ranging from 0 to 25.56ppb will be discussed along with unique areas of interest including the Salton Sea.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    156 Ansichten16 Seiten

    Direct Measurement of Atmospheric Ammonia From An Airborne Miniature Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (miniCIMS)

    Hochgeladen von

    jpeterson1
    Kathleen Casados, Carleton College Ammonia is emitted in the atmosphere from a variety of sources such as trees, ocean, diary fields, biomass burning, and fuel emissions. Previous studies have investigated the impacts of atmospheric ammonia, which can include chemical reactivity, nucleation of fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5 ), and implications for human health. However, the chemical nature and relatively short atmospheric lifetime make ammonia a difficult gas to measure. During the 2015 NASA Science Airborne Research Program (SARP), an airborne miniature Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (miniCIMS) was deployed on the NASA DC-8 flying laboratory in the Southern California region. This study presents and validates these novel data with a correlation-based approach that examines measured ammonia concentrations with dimethyl sulfide (in marine regions), and monoterpines (in forest regions). The spatial and temporal variability of measured ammonia concentrations ranging from 0 to 25.56ppb will be discussed along with unique areas of interest including the Salton Sea.

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    Direct Measurement of Atmospheric Ammonia

    from an Airborne Miniature Chemical Ionization


    Mass Spectrometer (miniCIMS)
    Katie Casados
    Physics Major/ Educational Studies Concentrator
    Carleton College
    Faculty Advisors : Dr. Barry Lefer and Dr. Timothy Bertram
    Mentor: Steven Schill

    Ammonia
    Natural production
    Deposits quickly
    Not well known
    Hard to measure

    Novel In-Situ Airborne Instrument

    Miniature Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer


    (miniCIMS)

    Four step process

    Ionize
    Focus
    Analyze
    Detect

    Houston, we have a problem


    NH3 does not react with Benzene

    Reactive to water
    Measurements dependent on H20 samples

    H-N-H

    H-N-H
    H

    How comparable are these data?

    H-O-H

    Spatial Map of Ammonia


    Altitude
    (feet)

    Large NH3 concentrations found in many areas

    Temporal Comparison

    Higher concentrations detected during morning

    flights

    Vertical Profile of Ammonia

    Lower altitudes had greater amounts of ammonia

    Compared to DISCOVER-AQ
    NASA project in 2013

    P-3B
    Cavity Ring Down
    Spectrometer (CRDS)

    DISCOVER-AQ and SARP Vertical


    Profiles

    Deviation From Trend


    High altitude Salton Sea

    Low altitude Salton Sea

    Ammonia found at 14,000 feet above Salton Sea

    NH 3
    (ppb)

    Salton Sea: Dry, hypersaline environment


    Large amounts of ammonia reported in previous

    research (Tratt et. all, 2011)

    Zooming In

    Dimethyl Sulfide and Ammonia


    Produced by phytoplankton decomposition

    Positive correlations between NH3 and DMS found


    in previous research

    M. T. Johnson and T. G. Bell, Environ. Chem. 2008, 5, 259267. doi:10.1071/EN08030

    Monoterpenes and Ammonia


    Released from trees

    Suggested correlation between monoterpenes


    and NH3

    Conclusions
    Temporal and spatial ammonia measurements

    agree with ammonia characteristics and other


    airborne measurements
    Salton Sea could have unique trends to be further
    explored
    Correlation found between monoterpenes and
    ammonia

    Acknowledgements
    Steven and S3 team

    Dr. Matt Zoerb


    Dr. Barry Lefer and Dr. Timothy Bertram
    Dr. Emily Schaller
    The rest of SARP!

    Questions?

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