VOLLEYBALL

A. HISTORY
1. William G. Morgan of Holyoke City, Massachusetts created a game called Mintonette in 1985.
2. Dr. A. F. Halsted renamed it to Volleyball.
3. Elwood S. Brown introduced it in the Philippines in 1910.
4. It was first played as demonstration sport in 1964 Tokyo Olympics.
B. FACILITY AND EQUIPMENT
1. Playing Area- it includes the playing court and the free zone. It shall be rectangular and
symmetrical.
a. The playing courtis a rectangle measuring 18 X 9 m, surrounded by a free zone which
is a minimum of 3 m wide on all sides.
The free playing space is the space above the playing area which is free from any
obstructions. The free playing space shall measure a minimum of 7 m in height from the
playing surface.
Lines on the Court
Boundary lines
Center line
Attack line
Zone and Areas
Front Zone
Service Zone
Substitution Zone
Libero Replacement Zone
Warm- Up Area
Penalty Area
2. Net
a. The net is placed vertically over the center line whose top is set at the height of 2.43 m
for men, 2.24 m for women and 2.13 m or lower for children aged 12 years or younger.
b. It is 1 m wide and 9.50 to 10 m long, made of 10 cm square black mesh.
c. Two side bands are fastened vertically to the net placed directly above each sideline.
d. An antennae is a flexible rod 1.80 m long and 10 mm in diameter. It is fastened at the
outer edge of each sideband.
3. Posts
a. Then ball supporting the net are placed at a distance 00.50 1.00 m outside the
sidelines. They are 2.55 m high and preferably adjustable.
b. The posts are rounded and smooth, fixed to the ground without wires.
4. Balls
a. The ball shall be spherical, made of flexible leather or synthetic leather case with a
bladder in side made of a rubber or a similar material.
b. Its color maybe a uniform light color or a combination of colors.
c. Its circumference is 65-67 cm and its weight is 260-280 g.
C. MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BASIC SKILLS
1. SERVING
Underhand Serve
a. The server stands facing the net with the left foot slightly forward and the weight on the
right foot.
b. The ball is held in the left hand with the left arm across and a little in front of the body.
c. The ball is lined up with a straight forward swing of the right hand. The left-hand fingers
are spread, and the ball rest on the pads of these fingers.
d. On the serving motion, the server steps forward with the left foot, transferring the weight
to the front foot and at the same time brings the right arm back in preparatory motion.
e. The right hand now swings forwards and contacts just below the center. The ball can be
hit with an open hand or with the fist (facing forward or sideward).
f. An effective follow-through with the arm ensures a smooth serve.

Overhand Serve
a. The server stand with the left foot in front and the left side of the body turned somewhat
toward the net. The weight is on both feet.
b. The ball is held in the left hand directly in front of the face. The ball must be tossed
straight up and should come down in front of the right shoulder.
c. As the ball is tossed, the weight shifts to the back foot. The height of the toss is a matter
of choice, but from 3 to 5 feet is suggested.
d. As the ball drops, the striking arm comes forward, contacting the ball a foot or so above
the shoulder. The weight is shifted to the forward foot, which can take a short step
forward. The contact is made with the open palm or with fist. An effective serve is one
that has no spin- a floater.
2. Passing (or Returning)
Forearm Pass (underhand Pass)
a. The body must be in good position to ensure a proper volley. The player must move
rapidly to the spot where the all is descending to prepare for the pass.
b. The trunk leans forward and back is straight, with 90 degree uncle between the thighs
and the body. The body is bent, and the body is in partially crouched position, with the
feet shoulder width apart.
c. The hands are clasped together, so that the forearms are parallel. The clasp should be
relaxed, with the type of handclasp a matter of choice. The wrists in either case are
turned downward, and the elbow joints are reasonably locked.
d. The forearms are held at the proper angle to rebound the ball, with contact made with the
fist or forearms between the knees as the receiver crouches.
Overhand Pass
a. The passer moves underneath the ball and controls it with the fingertips. Feet should be
in an easy, comfortable position, with knees bent.
b. The cup of the fingers is made so that the thumbs and forefingers are close together and
other fingers are spread. The hands are held forehead high, with elbows out and level
with the floor.
c. The passer contacts the ball at above eye level and propels it with the force of spread
fingers, not with the palms. At the moment of contact, the legs are straightened and the
hands and arms.
d. If the ball is a pass to a teammate, it should be high enough to allow for control. If the
pass is a return to the other side, it can be projected forward with more force.
3. Spiking
1. Approach take 3-4 steps near the side and attack lines with the last step taken with the
stronger leg.
2. Step-close Take-off transfer the momentum of the body into a vertical direction. Heels
of both contact the floor with the weight shifted forward to the toes during the last step.
3. Arm Movements swing both arms forward and upward during the take-off. Extend left
arm directly upward above the shoulder and the right arm is bent into a throwing position.
Left elbow leads the swing, followed by an extension of the spiking arm. Contact ball with
the heel of the open hand. To impart a spin, snap wrist over the ball.
4. Blocking jump into the air directly in front of the spike, with the arms extended in an effort
to block the ball and at the same time to rebound it off the arms into spikers court.

Prepared by:
JASPER JAY N. MENDOZA, MA
Lecturer