Alexandria University

Faculty of Engineering

Electrical Machines
3rd year EE (Power)

Department of Electrical Engineering

Sheet 1 (Synchronous machine)

1. Sketch the winding diagram of one phase for a 3-phase, 4-pole, 36-slot half coil concentric full pitch
winding. Show the winding connection if the machine is to be star connected with two parallel paths.
2. Sketch the winding diagram of one phase for a 3-phase, 2-pole, 24-slot whole coil concentric full
pitch winding. Show the winding connection if the machine is to be star connected with two parallel
paths.
3. Sketch the winding diagram of one phase for a 3-phase, 2-pole, 24-slot double layer lap wound
machine, chorded by two slots. Show the winding connection if the machine is to be star connected
with two parallel paths.
4. A three phase, 8 pole synchronous generator is star connected. The stator has 168 slots with 9
conductors per slot. If the rotor speed is 750 rpm, estimate the flux required in the air gap to generate
an e.m.f. of 1000V between lines (Winding factor=0.96)
5. In a 50kVA, star connected, 440V, 3-phase, 50Hz alternator. The armature resistance is 0.25/phase.
The armature reactance is 3.7/phase. Determine at rated load and unity power factor the induced
e.m.f. per phase and voltage regulation. Sketch the phasor diagram.
6. A three phase alternator is rated at 5kW, 110V, 29A lagging power factor, 50Hz and 1000rpm. The
stator resistance per phase is 0.1 and armature reactance is 1.53. The field current was If (rated
field current).
a) Find the no load induced e.m.f. voltage regulation and number of poles.
b) If the field current is reduced to (0.9If) while the speed is kept constant, what would be the load
voltage if the generator is supplying the same load current at the same power factor?
c) If the speed, field current and load current are kept constant, the power factor is changed to 0.8
leading, what would be the terminal voltage.
7. A three-phase, star connected, 6 pole synchronous generator supplies a three-phase load of 100kW,
0.8 leading power factor, at 60Hz, 2KV line voltage. The machine per phase armature resistance and
reactance are 0.4 and 4 respectively. Find:
a) Voltage regulation
b) Efficiency, if constant losses are 10% of copper losses.

Alexandria University
Faculty of Engineering

Electrical Machines
3rd year EE (Power)

Department of Electrical Engineering

Sheet 2 (Synchronous machine)

1. Find the no-load phase voltage of a star connected, 4 pole alternator having a flux per pole of 0.1 Wb
sinusoidal distributed, 4 slots per pole per phase, 4 conductors per slot, 150 degree coil span, double
layer winding .
2. A 3-phase, 10 poles, star connected alternator runs at 600 rpm. It has 120 slots in the stator with 8
conductors per slot and the conductors of each phase are connected in series (one parallel path).
Determine the phase and the line e.m.f. s, if the flux per pole is 56 mWb. Assume full pitch coils.
3. One phase of a 3-phase alternator consists of 12 slots in series. Each coil has an r.m.s. voltage of 10 V
induced in it and the coils are arranged in slots so that there is a successive phase displacement of 10
electrical degrees between the e.m.f. in each coil and the next. Find graphically or by calculations, the
r..m.s. value of the total phase voltage developed by the winding. If the alternator has six poles and is
driven at 1000 rpm, calculate the frequency of the generated e.m.f.
4. A 4-pole, 50 Hz, 3-phase, star connected alternator has a single layer, full pitch winding with 21 slots
per pole and two conductors per slot. The fundamental flux is 0.6 Wb, and the air gap flux contains a
third order harmonic of 5% amplitude. Find the r.m.s. value of the phase and line e.m.f.
5. A 3-phase, 10 pole, 600 rpm, Y connected alternator has 12 slots per pole, 8 conductors per slot. The
windings are short chorded by 2 slots. The flux per pole contains a fundamental of 0.09 Wb, a third
order harmonic of 20% amplitude, and a fifth order harmonic of 10% of the fundamental. Determine
the r.m.s. value of the phase and line voltages and the individual harmonic components.
6. A 3-phase, 10 poles alternator has 90 slots, each containing 12 conductors. If it runs at 600 rpm, and
the flux per pole is 0.1 Wb, calculate the line e.m.f. when the phases are i) star connected, ii) Delta
connected. (Assume sinusoidal distributed flux, and 0.96 winding factor.)
7. The open circuit voltage generated in a single conductor of a 3-phase, 16 poles, alternator stator
winding is e = 14 sin + 0.7 sin 3 + 0.35 sin 7 + 0.35 sin 9 V
There are 9 slots per pole and 4 conductors per slot. The winding is star connected with full pitch
coils. Determine the corresponding expression s for the phase open circuit voltage and the line no load
voltage.
8. A three phase, 8-poles synchronous generator is star connected. The stator has 168 slots with 9
conductors per slot. If the rotor speed is 750 rpm, estimate the flux required in the air gap to generate
an emf of 1000 V between lines. If the field current was 1 A, what would be the field current to reduce
the generated emf to 900 V? If the speed is allowed to be changed, what would be the new speed to
bring the emf back to its initial value? How does that affect the frequency of the generated voltage?
Comment! (Neglect saturation and take winding factor = 0.96).
9. The no-load voltage of a 6-pole, 72 slot, 1200 rpm, three phase Y connected, synchronous generator is
1732 V. If there are 10 conductors per slot, determine the frequency of the induced emf and the flux
per pole.

Alexandria University
Faculty of Engineering

Electrical Machines
3rd year EE (Power)

Department of Electrical Engineering

Sheet 3 (Synchronous machine)

1. In a 50 KVA, star connected, 440 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz alternator, the armature resistance is 0.25 per
phase. The armature reactance is 3.7 per phase. Determine the induced emf per phase and the
voltage regulation at rated load and unity power factor. Sketch the phasor diagram.
2. A 9 KVA, 208 V, three phase, Y connected, synchronous generator has a winding resistance and a
synchronous reactance of 0.1 /phase and 5.6 /phase respectively. Determine the voltage regulation
when the power factor of the load is (a) 80% lagging, (b) unity, and (c) 80% leading.
3. A 3-phase, star connected alternator is rated at 1600 kVA, 13500 V. The armature effective resistance
and synchronous reactance are 1.5 ohm, and 30 ohm respectively per phase. Calculate the percentage
voltage regulation for a load of 1280 kW at (a) 0.8 leading power factor, and (b) 0.8 lagging power
factor.
4. A 100 kVA, 3 kV, 50 Hz, 3-phase, Y-connected alternator has effective armature resistance of 0.2 ohm
/ phase. A field current of 40 A produces short circuit current of 200 A and an open circuit voltage of
1040 V (line value). Calculate the full load percentage regulation at 0.8 lagging power factor. How
would the regulation be affected if the alternator delivers its full load at 0.8 leading power factor?
5. A 3-phase star connected, 6-pole synchronous generator is driven at 1200 rpm. It has an armature
resistance and synchronous reactance of 0.4/phase and 4/phase respectively. The machine supplies
a load of 100kW at 0.8 lagging power factor and 2kV terminal voltage between lines. The machine
has 100 turns per phase and winding distribution factor of 0.9, Calculate
a.
Generated emf per phase
b.
Voltage regulation
c.
Load angle
d.
Average flux per pole
6. A 3-phase star connected alternator is rated at 5 kW, 110 V, 29 A lagging pf, 50 Hz and 1000 rpm.
The stator resistance and reactance per phase are 0.1 and 1.53 respectively.
a. Find the no load induced emf, voltage regulation and the number of poles
b. The field current is reduced to 90% of its value while speed is kept constant. What would be
the load voltage if the generator is supplying the same load current with the same pf.
c. If the speed, load current and field current are kept constant while the power factor became 0.8
leading, what would be the terminal voltage?