PMRSA

Practice Workbook
This workbook is designed for use in Live instructor-led training and for OnDemand selfstudy.
The explanations and demonstrations are provided by the instructor in the classroom, or in the OnDemand
eLectures of this course available on the Bentley LEARN Server (learn.bentley.com).
This practice workbook is formatted for on-screen viewing using a PDF reader.
It is also available as a PDF document in the dataset for this course.
Performing a Modal Response

Spectrum Analysis
This workbook contains exercises to learn how to perform a modal response spectrum analysis in STAAD.Pro.
TRNC01238-1/0001
DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted
Description and Objectives
Course Description
This workbook contains exercises to learn how to perform a modal response spectrum analysis in STAAD.Pro.
Skills Taught
Defining Dynamic Seismic Loads
Specifying the Maximum Number of Mode Shapes
Generating Load Combinations
Performing a Dynamic Seismic Analysis
Reviewing the Results
Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated
Open a STAAD.Pro Model

In this exercise, you will learn how to open a STAAD.Pro model and review the loading information.
1. Launch STAAD.Pro.
2. In the menu bar, click File>Open...
3. In the Open dialog, navigate to the dataset file Dynamics_1.std that was supplied with this training. Then, click Open.
4. In the Page Control Area, click on the General tab and the Load&Definition sub-tab.
5. In the Load & Definition dialog, expand theDefinitions section and the LoadCasesDetails section.
NOTE: The Seismic Load Definition and the Seismic Load Cases have already been generated in accordance with the IBC Equivalent
Lateral Force Procedure. After the Dynamic Seismic Analysis is performed, we will compare the base shear of the ELFP load cases with
those of the dynamic load cases to ensure that the scale factors are appropriate and in accordance with the requirements of ASCE 7,
Section 12.9.
6. Keep this model open for the next exercise.
Create the Dynamic Seismic Load Cases

In this exercise, you will learn how to create new primary load cases to represent the dynamic seismic load acting in each direction.
1. Continue with the model from the previous exercise.

2. In the Load & Definition dialog, highlight the LoadCasesDetails section and then click Add...
3. In the Add New: Load Cases dialog, select the Primary item in the left pane. Then, enter the following information:
Number: 2001
Loading Type: Seismic
Title: DYNAMICLOAD+X
Click Add.
4. In the Add New: Load Cases dialog, enter the following information:
Number: 2002
Title: DYNAMICLOADX
Click Add.
Number: 2003
Title: DYNAMICLOAD+Z
Click Add.
Number: 2004
Title: DYNAMICLOADZ
Click Add.
7. In the Add New: Load Cases dialog, click Close.

8. In the menu bar, click File>Save.
Define the Dynamic Masses

In this exercise, you will learn how to define the masses that will contribute to the seismic loading. The masses are specified in terms
of weights and in the directions in which they are dynamically active.
Self Weight: Acting in the global X, Y, and Z directions.
Uniform Member Loads: Acting in the global X, Y, and Z directions.
NOTE:This model will include four SPECTRUM commands. When more than one SPECTRUM command is used in a model, the
mass is derived from the weight definition within the first spectrum load case only.

2. In the Load & Definition dialog, highlight the 2001:DYNAMICLOAD+X load case and click on the Add...button.
3. In the Add New: Load Items dialog, select the Selfweight>SelfweightLoad item in the left pane. Then, enter the following parameters:
Direction: X
Factor: 1
Click Add.
Direction: Y
Factor: 1
Click Add.
Direction: Z
Factor: 1
Click Add.
6. In the Add New: Load Items dialog, select the MemberLoad>UniformForceitem in the left pane. Then, enter the following parameters:
W1: 0.05kip/ft
Direction: GX
Click Add.
W1: 0.05kip/ft
Direction: GY
Click Add.
W1: 0.05kip/ft
Direction: GZ
Click Add.
9. In the Add New: Load Items dialog, click Close.
10. In the Load & Definition dialog, highlight the SELFWEIGHTX1 load item and select the AssigntoView radio button. Then, click Assign.
11. In the STAAD.Pro dialog, click Yes to confirm the assignment.
12. Repeat this process to assign the following load items to the model:
SELFWEIGHTY1
SELFWEIGHTZ1
13. In the Main Window, deselect any currently selected members. Then, click Select>BeamsParallelto>Z in th menu bar.
14. In the Load & Definition dialog, highlight the UNIGX0.05kip/ftload item and select the AssignToSelectedBeams radio button. Then,
click Assign.
15. In the STAAD.Pro dialog, click Yes to confirm the assignment.
16. Repeat this process to assign the following load items to the members parallel to the global Z axis:
UNIGY0.05kip/ft
UNIGZ0.05kip/ft
10
Define the Response Spectra Load Item

In this exercise, you will learn how to create the Response Spectra Load item. Within the load item, you can specify various code
parameters and the following information:
Combination Method: Used to specify how to combine the contribution from the individual modes.
Direction: Used to specify the global direction in which the spectrum is to be applied.
Signed Response Spectrum Results Options: Used to select one of the methods available to add mathematical signs to the spectrum
response output.

2. In the Load & Definition dialog, highlight the 2001:DYNAMICLOAD+X load case and click on the Add...button.
3. In the Add New: Load Items dialog, select the ResponseSpectra>ResponseSpectrumitem in the left pane. Then, enter the following
parameters:
Code:IBC2006
Combination Method: CQC
Long Period (TL): 8seconds
Fa: 1.0
Fv: 1.3
Site Class (SCL): C
Zip: 92887
Spectrum Type: Acceleration
Interpolation Type: Linear
Damping Type: Damping0.05
11
Direction:
X: (checked)
Factor: 1.0
Signed Response Spectrum Results Options:
Dominant: (checked)
Signed: (checked)
Then, click Add.
12
4. In the Add New: Load Items dialog, click Close.

5. In the Load & Definition dialog, highlight the 2002:DYNAMICLOADX load case and click on the Add...button.
parameters:
Code:IBC2006
Fa: 1.0
Fv: 1.3
Site Class (SCL): C
Zip: 92887
Damping Type: Damping 0.05
Direction:
X: (checked)
Factor: 1.0
Dominant: (checked)
Signed: (checked)
Then, click Add and click Close.
13
7. In the Load & Definition dialog, highlight the 2003:DYNAMICLOAD+Z load case and click on the Add...button.
parameters:
Code:IBC2006
Fa: 1.0
Fv: 1.3
Site Class (SCL): C
Zip: 92887
Direction:
Z: (checked)
Factor: 1.0
Dominant: (checked)
Signed: (checked)
14
9. In the Load & Definition dialog, highlight the 2003:DYNAMICLOADZ load case and click on the Add...button.
parameters:
Code:IBC2006
Fa: 1.0
Fv: 1.3
Site Class (SCL): C
Zip: 92887
Direction:
Z: (checked)
Factor: 1.0
Dominant: (checked)
Signed: (checked)
15
Generate the Load Combinations

In this exercise, you will learn how to generate load combinations in STAAD.Pro. A load combination is a set of load results which are
combined algebraically to produce a superimposed set of results for post-processing.

2. In the Load & Definition dialog, highlight the LoadCasesDetails section and then click Add...
3. In the Add New: Load Cases dialog, select the AutoLoadCombinationitem in the left pane. Then, enter the following information:
Select Load Combination Code: AISC
Select Load Combination Category: GENERAL
Click on the GenerateLoads button.
4. In the Add New: Load Cases dialog, click Add and then click Close.
16
Specify the Maximum Number of Mode Shapes

In this exercise, you will learn how to use the CUT OFF MODE SHAPE command. This command is used to instruct the program to
extract the specified number of modes during a modal calculation, response spectrum analysis, and time history analysis.

2. In the menu bar, click Commands>Miscellaneous>CutOffModeShape...
3. In the Cut Off Mode Shape dialog, enter the following parameter:
Maximum Number of Mode Shapes: 20
Then, click OK.
17
Analyze the Model

In this exercise, you will learn how to specify the analysis command and perform the analysis.

2. In the Page Control Area, click on the Analysis/Print tab.
3. In the Analysis/Print Command dialog, select the PerformAnalysis tab and select the ModeShapes radio button. Then, click Add and
click Close.
4. In the menu bar, click Analyze>RunAnalysis...
5. In the Warning dialog, clickSave.
6. In the STAAD Analysis and Design dialog, select the ViewOutputFile radio button and then click Done.
7. Keep the Output File open for the next exercise.
18
Review the Mass Participation Results

In this exercise, you will learn how to review the mass participation results in the Output file to ensure that the dynamic analysis is in
accordance with ASCE 7, Section 12.9.
NOTE: Section 12.9.1 of the ASCE 7 specifies that the analysis shall include a sufficient number of modes to obtain a combined modal
mass participation of at least 90 percent of the actual mass in each of the orthogonal horizontal directions of response considered by
the model.
1. Continue with the model from the previous exercise. (The Output File should still be open.)
2. In the Results bar, click on the first PARTICIPATIONFACTORS item.
3. In the Output file, you will notice that STAAD.Pro has calculated the mass participation of the structure for 6 modes. According to the
results, the mass participation in the Z direction is less than 90%.
4. In the Output file, click File>Exit.

5. In the menu bar, click Commands>Miscellaneous>CutOffModeShape...
6. In the Cut Off Mode Shape dialog, enter the following parameter:
Maximum Number of Mode Shapes: 55
Then, click OK.

10. In the Results bar, click on the first PARTICIPATIONFACTORS item.
11. In the Output file, you will notice that STAAD.Pro has calculated the mass participation of the structure for 10 modes. According to the
results, the mass participation in the X and Z directions is greater than 90% and now satisfies ASCE 7, Section 12.9.1.
12. Keep the Output File open for the next exercise.
19
Review the Base Shear Results

In this exercise, you will learn how to review the base shear results in the Output File to ensure that the dynamic analysis is in
accordance with ASCE 7, Section 12.9.

2. In the Output File, review the results of the IBC Seismic Load in the global X and Z Directions that were calculated using the Equivalent
Lateral Force Procedure:
20
3. In the Output File, review the results of the Seismic Load in the global X and Z Directions that were calculated using the Response
Spectra Analysis Procedure:
X Direction:
21
Z Direction:
22
NOTE:Section 12.9.2 of the ASCE 7 specifies that the value for each force-related design parameter of interest, including story drifts,
support forces, and individual member forces for each mode of response shall be computed using the properties of each mode and the
response spectra defined in either Section 11.4.5 or 21.2 divided by the quantity R/I.
NOTE:Section 12.9.4 of the ASCE 7 species that the combined response for the modal base shear (Vt) is less than 85 percent of the
calculated base shear (V) using the equivalent lateral force procedure, the forces, but not the drifts shall be multiplied by 0.85 (V/Vt).
4. After reviewing the Base Shear results, calculate the appropriate scale factor that should be applied to the Response Spectra load cases
in each direction (assume an Importance Factor of 1.0 and a Response Modification Factor of 3.0):
1.0
17.5kips
I
V
SF x = ---- 0.85 ----- = ------- 0.85 ------------------------ = 0.023
3.0
81.29kips
R
Vt
1.0
23.34kips
I
V
SF z = ---- 0.85 ----- = ------- 0.85 ------------------------ = 0.071
3.0
46.83kips
R
Vt
5. In the Output file, click File>Exit.
6. In the Page Control Area, click on the General tab and the Load&Definition sub-tab.
7. In the Load & Definition dialog, expand the LoadCasesDetails group and the 2001:DYNAMICLOAD+X load case. Highlight the
SPECTRUMCQCIBCX1 load item and click on the Edit... button.
23
8. In the Edit... dialog, modify the following parameter:
X: (checked)
Factor: 0.023
Then, click Change.
9. In the STAAD.Pro dialog, click Yes to confirm the change.

10. In the Edit... dialog, click Close.
24
11. In the Load & Definition dialog, expand the 2002:DYNAMICLOADX load case. Highlight the SPECTRUMCQCIBCX1 load item and click
on the Edit... button.
X: (checked)
Factor: 0.023
Then, click Change and click Close.
13. In the Load & Definition dialog, expand the 2003:DYNAMICLOAD+Z load case. Highlight the SPECTRUMCQCIBCZ1 load item and click
Z: (checked)
Factor: 0.071
15. In the Load & Definition dialog, expand the 2004:DYNAMICLOADZ load case. Highlight the SPECTRUMCQCIBCZ1 load item and click
Z: (checked)
Factor: 0.071

20. In the Output File, review the base shear results for the Response Spectrum load cases.
21. In the Output File, click File>Exit.
25
Review the Member Force Results

In this exercise, you will learn how to review the member force results in the Post Processor.

2. In the menu bar, click Mode>PostProcessing.
3. In the Results Setup dialog, select the ResultViewOptions tab and enter the following parameters:
Enable Automatic Scaling: (checked)
Mode Shape: (checked)
Beam Results: (checkalloptions)
Then, click OK.
4. In the Page Control Area, click on the Beam tab and the Forces sub-tab.

26
Review the Mode Shapes

In this exercise, you will learn how to view the mode shapes in the Post-Processor.

2. In the Page Control Area, click on the Dynamics tab and the Modes sub-tab.
27
3. In the Post-Processor, the mode shape can be viewed on screen for each dynamic load case and each mode by selecting the options in
the toolbar.
Select a Dynamic Load Case
Select the Mode
28

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Practice Workbook

Performing a Modal Response

Description and Objectives

Defining Dynamic Seismic Loads

Specifying the Maximum Number of Mode Shapes

Generating Load Combinations

Performing a Dynamic Seismic Analysis

Reviewing the Results

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

Open a STAAD.Pro Model

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

6. Keep this model open for the next exercise.

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

Create the Dynamic Seismic Load Cases

1. Continue with the model from the previous exercise.

Loading Type: Seismic

Loading Type: Seismic

Loading Type: Seismic

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

Loading Type: Seismic

7. In the Add New: Load Cases dialog, click Close.

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

Define the Dynamic Masses

Self Weight: Acting in the global X, Y, and Z directions.

Uniform Member Loads: Acting in the global X, Y, and Z directions.

1. Continue with the model from the previous exercise.

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

9. In the Add New: Load Items dialog, click Close.

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

17. In the menu bar, click File>Save.

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

Define the Response Spectra Load Item

1. Continue with the model from the previous exercise.

Combination Method: CQC

Long Period (TL): 8seconds

Site Class (SCL): C

Spectrum Type: Acceleration

Interpolation Type: Linear

Damping Type: Damping0.05

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

Signed Response Spectrum Results Options:

Then, click Add.

Copyright 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - Printing for student use is permitted

4. In the Add New: Load Items dialog, click Close.

Combination Method: CQC

Long Period (TL): 8seconds

Site Class (SCL): C

Spectrum Type: Acceleration

Interpolation Type: Linear

Damping Type: Damping 0.05

Signed Response Spectrum Results Options:

Then, click Add and click Close.