Periodic Test For Environmental Noise Test

METRO ROLLING STOCK (TRAIN)
NOISE PERIODIC TEST PROCEDURE
Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

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Amendment Record
Rev
Amended
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Date
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Date
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Designation
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Train
RS-MNRoutine/Periodic Test Procedure
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Periodic Test Procedure of Noise Test
Amended
By
Section/page
Amended
Amended details
Prepared By
Reviewed By
Approved By
Jayakumar
Assistant Manager
Vikas Sardana
General Manager, Rolling Stock.
Vikas Sardana
General Manager, Rolling Stock.
Signature
Rev1
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Title
Routine/Periodic test procure of Noise Test.
2.
Purpose of Test Procedure

The Test procedure for measurement of exterior noise of Rolling Stock, when in standstill and during
motion of vehicle, Noise monitoring test shall be conducted after an interval of time or after modification
of Rolling stock.
The objective of the test is to check and confirm acoustic comfort level as per ISO 3095 and as per The
Noise Pollution Rules, 2000.
3.
Reference Documents
ISO 3095: Railway ApplicationsAcousticsMeasurement of Noise emitted by Rail bound vehicles.
The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000. Ministry of Environment & Forests.
IEC 61672-1: Electroacoustics Sound level meters
FTA Noise and Vibration Manual
4.
Definitions & Abbreviations

4.1.
Definitions:
4.1.1. Monitoring Test:
The Test performed to check, whether the noise of vehicle changed after a Period (eg: 1year or 6
months) of time or after modification of Rolling Stock.
4.1.2. Roughness (r):
Root mean square (RMS) value of the amplitude variation of the running surface of a rail in the
direction of motion measured over a rail length.
4.1.3. Sound Pressure p(t):
Root mean square (RMS) value of a fluctuating pressure superimposed on the static atmospheric
pressure measured over a certain time period, expressed in Pa.
4.1.4. Phon (dB):
Phon is a unit of measurement of loudness. If 1dB of sound is measured at 1000Hz (reference
frequency), then it is said to have a loudness of 1 phon.
4.1.5. A-Weighing dB(A):
The A-Weighting filter covers the full audio range of 20Hz to 20kHz and the shape is similar to
the response of human hear at the lower level.
A-Weighted sound level measurement is commonly used for measurement of environmental
noise and industrial noise, as well as for potential hearing damage and other noise effect of all
sounds.
The measurement made using A weighting are usually shown in LpA dB(A).
LpA = 10lg (pA (t)/po)2

LpA
pA(t)
po
Rev1
: A-weighted
sound pressure level in dB

: RMS A-weighted sound pressure in Pa
: Reference sound pressure; po = 20 Pa
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4.1.6. A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level:

Equivalent (average) sound pressure level in dB for a period of time.
LpAeq.T
pA(t)
po
T
: A-weighted
equivalent continuous sound pressure level in dB

: Time interval in sec.
4.1.7. A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level:

Equivalent (average) sound pressure level in dB for a period of time.
LpAeq.Tp
pA(t)
po
Tp=T2-T1
4.2.
: A-weighted
equivalent continuous sound pressure level on time pass by time in dB.

: Time interval in sec.
Abbreviations:
dB
R
P(t)
Lp
LpA
Pa
S
T
Decibel
Roughness
RMS sound pressure
Sound pressure level
A-weighted sound pressure level
Pascal
Second
Time in second
5. Safety Precautions:
6. Tools required:
6.1
Microphone / A-weighted sound measurement device.
6.2
Measurement Tape, 20 meter.
7. Responsibility: Rolling Stock Engineer
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8. Procedure: Measurement of Exterior Noise

Vehicle (Train) noise is measured in following types to check and confirm the acoustic noise level
limit, when the Train is at stationary and running.
8.1
1.
Noise level measurement of Stationary Train
2.
3.
Noise level measurement of Running Train at constant speed.

Environmental Noise measurement and Noise impact analysis.
Noise level measurement of stationary Train.

8.1.1
Measurement position:
8.1.2
8.1.3
Rev1
For stationary Train, the measurement points as shown below. Each car Noise is
measured from center of the car, 7.5 meter from tract center line and 1.2 meter above
the track.
Test Train Condition:

The vehicle shall be unoccupied or person in the vehicle shall be restricted to
minimum
During measurement doors of the vehicle shall be kept in closed condition.
The auxiliary equipment in the Train shall be operated simultaneously at their
maximum capacity.
Track and environmental condition
The test track should be an open section,
There should not be any large sound reflecting objects such as tall buildings,
mountains, bridges etc.
Any Sound or person shall be avoided between microphone (sound measuring
device), that influence measured sound pressure level.
Measurement shall be made if the wind speed is below 5m/s and there is no rain
falling
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8.1.4
Back ground sound pressure level
For monitoring test Difference of A-Weighted sound pressure level shall be at least
5dB above.
Difference of A-Weighted
sound pressure level
Noise measured from the vehicle

in presence of back ground noise
8.1.6
8.1.7
Correction to be added to A-Weighted sound

pressure level obtained from the vehicle in
presence of back ground noise dB.
0
-1
-2
Test Procedure
Microphone should be placed in exterior at the center of the car, 7.5m from track
center and 1.2m above the rail top. Measurement period shall be T=20sec as per ISO
3095. The maximum time interval can be reduced to 5sec, but it should be justified in
test report.
Evaluated quantity
Equivalent continuous noise level (LpAeqT, mentioned in clause 4.1.6) measured
over an observation period of 5sec as specified in ISO 3095:2005.
Test report
Nature of the test

Train No used for Test
Location
Track type
Environmental condition, such
as wind speed, temperature
and humidity.
Test site, track and
meteorological condition
Measurement Equipment type
and calibration data.
Wind Speed :
Temperature :
Humidity :
Back ground noise level

Auxiliary equipment and its
operating condition
Loading of the vehicle
Sensor position
Rev1
A-weighted back ground sound

pressure alone
If the difference in sound level is less than 10dB the reading obtained shall be
corrected as per below table.
Difference of A-Weighted sound pressure

level dB
> 10
6 to 9
5
8.1.5
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Measuring point
DT-1
M-1
M-2
DT-2
1 st
2 nd
3rd
Average
8.2
Noise level measurement of Running Train at constant speed

8.2.1
8.2.2
8.2.3
Rev1
Measurement position:
Microphone should be placed 7.5 meter from tract center line and 1.2 meter above
the track.
Test Train Condition:

The vehicle shall be unoccupied or unloaded, no of person in the vehicle shall be
restricted to minimum
The wheels of the Test train should not have any flats, burning or any other damage,
which will generate abnormal noise.
During measurement doors of the vehicle shall be kept in closed condition.
The auxiliary equipment in the Train shall be operated simultaneously at their
maximum capacity.
Track and environmental condition
The track should be an open section and straight.
Roughness of the rail of the track should be less than the value specified in
ISO3381:2005
The permissible radius of curvature of noise test should be greater than R=3000m
and level gradient.
There should not be any large sound reflecting objects such as tall buildings,
mountains, bridges etc.
Any Sound source or person shall be avoided between microphone (sound measuring
device), that influence measured sound pressure level.
Measurement shall be made if the wind speed is below 5m/s and there is no rain
falling
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8.2.4
Back ground sound pressure level

For monitoring test Difference of A-Weighted sound pressure level shall be at least
5dB above.
Difference of A-Weighted
sound pressure level
Noise measured from the vehicle

in presence of back ground noise
Correction to be added to A-Weighted sound

pressure level obtained from the vehicle in
presence of back ground noise dB.
0
-1
-2
Test Procedure
Over the measurement section of the track, the train should run at the chosen constant
speed or at maximum speed 80kmph, the speed should be stabilized within 5%.
The measurement time interval T will begin, when the front of the train is passing the
microphone and will end when rear of the vehicle is clearing (passing) the
microphone.
Evaluated quantity
Evaluation quantity is the equivalent continuous noise level (LAeq)
8.2.6
8.2.7
Test report
Nature of the test

Train No used for Test
Location
Track type
Environmental condition, such
as wind speed, temperature
and humidity.
Test site, track and
meteorological condition
Measurement Equipment type
and calibration data.
Wind Speed :
Temperature :
Humidity :
Back ground noise level

Auxiliary equipment and its
operating condition
Loading of the vehicle
Sensor position
Rev1
A-weighted back ground sound

pressure alone
If the difference in sound level is less than 10dB the reading obtained shall be
corrected as per below table.
Difference of A-Weighted sound pressure

level dB
> 10
6 to 9
5
8.2.5
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Record sheet:
Measuring
point
Train Speed
Measured value in
dB
Ambient/
Acoustic noise
1 st
2 nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
Average
Rev1
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Remarks

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8.3
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Assessment of Transit Noise Impact on Environmental Noise Level:

Assessment of Metro Trains Noise impact on Noise sensitive location such as Residential
Building, Schools and Hospitals, around Metro viaduct shall be measured and analyzed.
Detail Noise Assessment Test:
1. Screening Procedure.
2. General Noise Assessment.
3. Detail Noise Analysis.
3.1.
Measurement of Noise Exposure level of Metro Trains
3.2.
Measurement of Existing Noise Exposure level.
3.3.
Analysis of Measurements and Noise Impact Criteria.
3.3.1. Ldn Calculation of Metro Trains.
3.3.2. Project Noise vs. Distance exposure curve.
3.4.
Analysis of Noise impact on nearby location and for Mitigation.
3.5.
Procedure to measure Project Noise and Environmental using NTi
Audio meter
3.6.
Project Noise and Environmental Noise Record Sheet.
1.
Screening Procedure:
The noise screening procedure is to identify location, where a project may cause noise impact. For
screening purposes, all noise-sensitive land uses are considered to be in a single category.
If no noise-sensitive land uses are present within a defined area of project noise influence, then no
further noise assessment is necessary.
The screening distance shall be taken 350 feet (obstructed) or 700 feet (unobstructed) from Metro
viaduct center, where the project Noise reaches almost 50 dBA.
If intervening buildings near to via duct the Screening distance shall be chosen 350 feet. If the
location is unobstructed (no large sound absorption materials), then screening distance shall be
chosen 700 feet from the center of Metro viaduct.
2.
General Assessment:
General assessment shall be consider during planning of new project or modification of existing
project. The general assessment based on theoretical values or estimated values. The results are
useful to analysis for any mitigation requirement of project.
Actual noise calculation of the project impact on environment shall be analyzed with Detail Noise
Analysis.
3.
Detail Noise Analysis

The detail noise analysis results exact project impact on the existing environment, the detail analysis
provides systematic process, from measurement of Nosie level to presentation of report.
3.1.
Measurement of Noise Exposure level of Metro Trains

The Noise exposure level of Metro Trains shall be measured from 50 feet from Metro viaduct center
and approximately 3.9 feet (1.2 meter) from rail top.
Noise exposure level SEL can be directly measured or Leq measured shall be converted to SEL with
period of measurement.
SEL (Sound Exposure Level) = LeqA Measured + 10lg (T- Period of Measurement)
Rev1
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Measurement of Existing Noise Exposure level.
Measurement of existing noise on nearby location, where the project noise has been measured.
Existing noise shall me measured for a whole day or an hour measurement, depends on the location
and environment.
Recommended Microphone position to Measure Existing Noise:
Microphone can be placed on receiver interest, but the position of microphone must record all the
environmental noise on average. For example, a highway is running in front of house, if the
microphone kept in back side of the house, it will not record actual noise of highway. So detail
analysis is required to include all the existing noise on measurement. If the location having fluctuation
noise, then measurement shall be taken on two to three location.
Measurement Duration of Existing Noise:
1.
2.
Rev1
Existing Noise Exposure Leq (H) for nonresidential area during Noon hours of the alternative
week days.
Measurement of Existing Noise exposure level in Residential area. Full day measurement of
Ldn will results exact value of existing noise.
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Option -1:
Measure full day noise exposure level Ldn. If the location is exposed with high external noise
sources and accurate/actual Existing noise.
Measurement shall be taken generally between Noon Monday and Noon Friday.
Option -2:
Measure hourly Leq of three Hours and compute Ldn with three hourly Leq. The measurement is
preferable, if the location is exposed to moderate impact. The obtained Ldn will be slightly
underestimated, for accurate Existing Noise measurer full day Ldn.
Three Measurement will be taken during peak hours, midday and late night to early morning.
Option -3:
Ldn can be obtained with only LeqA one hour existing noise measurement, Ldn obtained will be
moderately underestimated.
3.3.
Measurement between 7 am to 7 pm : Ldn Leq 2

Measurement between 7 am to 10 pm : Ldn Leq + 3
Measurement between 10 pm to 7 am : Ldn Leq + 8
Analysis of Measurements and Noise Impact Criteria

3.3.1. Ldn Calculation of Metro Trains.
Calculation of Ldn with measured SEL of Metro Train and operational inputs, such as speed of
Train and Train traffic.
Rev1
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3.3.2. Project Noise vs. Distance exposure curve.

Estimation of project noise exposure at other distance on the receiver interest. The project noise
vs. distance exposure curve will cover project impact Ldn and Leq from 50 feet to 1000 meter.
Ldn or Leq
D Distance 50 feet to 1000 feet.
G Ground Factor.
Calculation of Ground factor:
Rev1
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Example of Project Noise vs. Distance exposure curve:
Rev1
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Analysis of Noise impact on nearby location and for Mitigation.
Project Noise exposure and Existing noise exposure were obtained and Noise level impact around the
location can be identified with Project Noise vs. Distance exposure curve.
Noise Impact Criteria: Reference FTA manual Section 3.1
Rev1
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Example of Noise impact analysis on nearby location:

Project Noise: Ldn at 50 feet
Existing Noise Ldn
Receiver interest
Ground factor (G)
Location
: 65 dB
: 62 dB
: 1.2 Meter (3.937 feet) from Rail Top.
: 0.63
: Residential Buildings
Project Noise vs. Distance exposure curve:
Ldn or Leq
Project Noise Exposure at Different Distance

At 50 to 58 feet from viaduct center, Project
Noise: > dB
At 59 to 109 feet from viaduct center, Project
Noise: 63.3 dB
After 119 feet from viaduct center, Project
Noise: 58.3 dB
Rev1
Impact of Project Noise at different distance

with Existing Noise exposure: 62 dB
Project noise Expose in Severe Impact.
Project Noise Exposure in Moderate
Impact.
Project Noise Exposure in No Impact.
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Noise Mitigation:
Noise mitigation is to minimize noise pollution and noise impact on the environment.
Mitigation as strongly recommended, if the Ldn of Project Noise is more than 65 dB.
As per The Noise pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, ambient noise should
be less then below mentioned value.
Limits in dB (A) Leq
Category of Area / Zone
Day Time
Night Time
Industrial Area
75
70
Commercial Area
65
55
Residential Area
55
45
Silence Zone
50
40
Note:
Day Time : 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.
Night Time : 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.
Rev1
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Selection of Noise sensitive site
Measurement of Noise exposure level

SEL of Metro Train at 50 feet from
Viaduct center.
1.
Existing Noise Exposure Leq (H) for

nonresidential area during Noon hours of the
alternative week days.
2.
Measurement of Existing Noise exposure level

in Residential area. Full day measurement of
Ldn will results exact value of existing noise.
Convert Measure SEL of Metro Trains

into SEL Reference.
Option -1:
Measure full day noise exposure level Ldn. If the
location is exposed with high external noise sources.
Measurement shall be taken generally between Noon
Monday and Noon Friday.
Option -2:
Measure hourly Leq of three Hours and compute Ldn
with three hourly Leq. The obtained Ldn will be slightly
underestimated.
Three Measurement will be taken during peak hours,
midday and late night to early morning.
Option -3:
Measure only one Leq Hours and compute Ldn.
Ldn obtained will be moderately underestimated.
Measurement between 7 am to 7 pm : Ldn Leq 2
Measurement between 7 am to 10 pm : Ldn Leq + 3
Measurement between 10 pm to 7 am : Ldn Leq + 8
Calculate Ldn or Leq (H) with SEL

reference and operation Characteristics
of Metro Trains.
Calculate Ldn or Leq (H) with SEL

reference and operation
Characteristics of Metro Trains.
Calculate Noise exposure level at the

Noise sensitive location with Estimating
Exposure vs Distance in General Noise
Assessment.
Noise Impact Criteria with Calculated project

Noise Exposure vs Exiting Noise Exposure.
Noise Impact Level
YES
Mitigation
required?
NO
Noise Test Report
Rev1
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Procedure to measure Project Noise and Environmental using NTi Audio meter:
3.5.
Nti XL2 audio and acoustic analyzer:
XL2 is an advanced integrating sound level meter designed according to IEC 61672.
XL2 is designed to measure sound level of Audio Acoustic installation (eg: Cinemas), Noise
measurement (eg: Live events, environmental noise), live sound (eg:PA), Broadcast, building
acoustics, industrial quality control and aerospace.
Refer XL2 operational manual to operate the device and to measure sound level.
Select the parameter in the meter to measure equivalent acoustic noise in dB (L Aeq), Maximum
acoustic noise in dB (LAmax), Live acoustic noise in dB.
Live acoustic noise in dB
Equivalent acoustic noise in

dB (LAeq)
Maximum acoustic noise in

dB (LAmax)
After settings of parameter, press start/stop button to start Measure acoustic noise for a period of
time (Defined or as per requirement) and press again start/stop button to stop measurement.
Note the measured values in record sheet and save the file.
Rev1
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Environmental Noise Test Location, Project Noise Measurement and Existing Noise Measurement Record Sheet
Horizontal Distance of Noise level Meter /
Microphone placed from the center of track
15.2 Meter
Microphone
Vertical height from
Rail Top.
App 1.5
Meter
Temperature:
Date
Humidity:
Existing Noise Measurement
Project Noise Measurement

Location:
Location:
First Measurement
Train Set
Passing
Actual Time
Approaching 50m,
Microphone
Leaving 50m,
Microphone
Measured
Leq or SEL
Remarks
Remarks
Start Time
Ldn Measured
End Time
Second Measurement
Remarks
Start Time
Ldn Measured
End Time
Third Measurement
Remarks
Start Time
Ldn Measured
End Time
Rev1
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METRO ROLLING STOCK (TRAIN)

NOISE PERIODIC TEST PROCEDURE

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Purpose of Test Procedure

Definitions & Abbreviations

LpA = 10lg (pA (t)/po)2

sound pressure level in dB

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

4.1.6. A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level:

equivalent continuous sound pressure level in dB

4.1.7. A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level:

equivalent continuous sound pressure level on time pass by time in dB.

Microphone / A-weighted sound measurement device.

Measurement Tape, 20 meter.

7. Responsibility: Rolling Stock Engineer

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

8. Procedure: Measurement of Exterior Noise

Noise level measurement of Stationary Train

Noise level measurement of Running Train at constant speed.

Noise level measurement of stationary Train.

Test Train Condition:

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Back ground sound pressure level

Noise measured from the vehicle

Correction to be added to A-Weighted sound

Nature of the test

Back ground noise level

A-weighted back ground sound

Difference of A-Weighted sound pressure

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Noise level measurement of Running Train at constant speed

Test Train Condition:

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Back ground sound pressure level

Noise measured from the vehicle

Correction to be added to A-Weighted sound

Nature of the test

Back ground noise level

A-weighted back ground sound

Difference of A-Weighted sound pressure

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Assessment of Transit Noise Impact on Environmental Noise Level:

Detail Noise Analysis

Measurement of Noise Exposure level of Metro Trains

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Measurement between 7 am to 7 pm : Ldn Leq 2

Analysis of Measurements and Noise Impact Criteria

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

3.3.2. Project Noise vs. Distance exposure curve.

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Example of Project Noise vs. Distance exposure curve:

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd

Example of Noise impact analysis on nearby location:

Project Noise vs. Distance exposure curve:

Project Noise Exposure at Different Distance

Impact of Project Noise at different distance

Mumbai Metro One Pvt Ltd