QUMICA GENERAL 1 Quim 3001

Prof: Ezio Fasoli

e-mail: ezio.fasoli@upr.edu
Tel. 850-0000-ext 9065
Office hours:
Monday 10.00am-11.30am
Tuesday 4.00pm-5.30pm
Wednesday 10.00am-11.30am
Friday 10.00am-1.30pm
CN 227 (office), CNL 224 (chemistry research lab.)
NL102 (biology research lab.)

General Information
Mandatory the attendance of Laboratory
of General Chemistry course Quim 3003.

All information and Lab material are available at the web page.
http://www.uprh.edu/~quimgen/Contenido-1.HTML

Power point presentations are available on moodle

http://titulo5.uprh.edu/moodle.

Bibliography:

Nivaldo Tro Chemistry: a molecular approach; Third Edition, Prentice Hall

Petrucci, Ralph H.; Harwood, William S.; Herring, Geoffrey F.(2007); GENERAL CHEMISTRY: Principles and Modern
Applications, Nineth Edition, Prentice Hall. Inc., New Jersey
Kotz, John C.; Treichel, Paul M.; Weaver, Gabriela C.(2006); Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Sixth Edition, Thomson Brooks-Cole,
Canada
Moore, John W.; Stanitski, Conrad L.; Jurs, Peter C.(2002) Chemistry: The Molecular Science, Hartcourt, USA
Brown, Theodore L.; LeMay, Eugene; Bursten, Bruce E (2000); Chemistry: The Central Science,2000, Eighth Edition, Prentice Hall.
Inc.,USA
Kotz, John C.; Treichel, Paul M.; Harman Patrick A.(2003); Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity,2003, Fifth Edition, Thomson BrooksCole,USA
Stanton, Bobby, Zhy Lin, Atwood, Charles, Experiments in General Chemistry, 2006, Thomson Brooks-Cole,USA
Petrucci, Ralph H.; Harwood, William S.; Herring, Geoffrey F.;Experiments in General Chemistry , 2002, Eighth Edition, Prentice Hall.
Inc., New Jersey
Weiner, Susan A.; Introduction to Chemical Principles: A Laboratory Approach, 2005, Sixth Edition, Thomson Brooks-Cole, USA
Enlaces a WEBS de Qumica General:
http://www.masteringchemistry.com
http://www.prenhall.com/petrucci
http://www.harcourtcollege.com
http://www.prenhall.com/brown

1st Exam
Secc. (Libro Tro General chemistry 3rd editon)

2nd Exam
Secc. (Libro Tro General Chemistry 3rd editon)

3rd Exam
Secc. (Libro Tro General Chemistry 3rd editon)

4th Exam
Secc. (Libro Tro General Chemistry 3rd editon)

Final Exam
Data to be announced: December during
the final exam sections
It will cover the entire program.

Evaluation system
1. 1.Se ofrecern no menos de tres exmenes parciales y un examen final que evaluar la totalidad del material explicado durante el
semestre. El examen final valdr un 20% de la nota final.
2. 2.Adems de los exmenes parciales y el examen final, se podrn ofrecer pruebas cortas o quizzes sobre el material discutido o
sobre lecturas asignadas, con la anuencia de la Coordinacin

Exmenes parciales (4) ........... 60%

Examen Final .................... 20%
Laboratorio ....................... 20%
TADDEI ........................... 3%
XV. SISTEMA DE CALIFICACIN:
100 - 85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A
84 - 75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B
74 - 60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C
59 - 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D
49 - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F

3. 3.Si al final del semestre algn material discutido no llega a evaluarse en el ltimo examen parcial, se evaluar en el examen final,
con la debida notificacin del (de la) profesor(a).
4. 4.Las excusas mdicas son aceptables. Las excusas de atletas las solicitar el Director Atltico del Recinto, a travs de una
comunicacin firmada. Cualquier otra excusa se evaluar en la Coordinacin para tomar una decisin al respecto.
5. 5.Cuando un(a) estudiante falte a un examen parcial o final y no presente al (a la) profesor(a) una excusa vlida, se le adjudicar
una calificacin de cero en el examen correspondiente.
6. 6.Si el (la) estudiante falta a uno o ms exmenes parciales o al examen final con excusa vlida, se ofrecer un examen de
reposicin en comn acuerdo entre el (la) profesor(a) y el (la) estudiante.
NOTA: En situaciones extraordiarias, el (la) profesor(a) podr hacer ajustes en la distribucin de temas y el tiempo para cubrir los
mismos.

Chemistry.
Chemistry is a world that is not readily apparent to
the naked eye, yet it is the cause of all that is
around us.
Chemists examine the molecular reasons for our
macroscopic observations.

Chemistry: What is it needed for?

Health and Medicine

Energy and the Environment

Sanitation systems

Fossil fuels

Surgery with anesthesia

Solar energy

Pharmaceuticals

Nuclear energy

Molecular biology

BioFuels

Biotechnology
Materials and Technology
Polymers, (fabrics, plastic, film),
ceramics, liquid crystals, Roomtemperature superconductors

Quality of water, air, environment

Food and Agriculture
Genetically modified crops
Natural pesticides

Specialized fertilizers

Chemistry Application in daily life

A Beginning Chemist:
How to Succeed
Chemistry requires
curiosity and
imagination. You

must want to know

the why of things.

Chemistry requires hard study.

Practice exercise and concept in class room, at

Taddei, at home.
Understand, not memorize the solution of exercises.
Understand, not memorize the concepts
Nevertheless a lot of memorization is involved. ( Name
and symbols of atoms, definitions etc.).
A lot of calculation is required, but.GOOD NEWS.
IT IS EASY MATH!!!!!!!!!!!

Chemistry requires commitment.

You must do your work regularly and carefully.
If you do, you will succeed.
You will be rewarded by seeing a whole new worldthe
world of molecules and atoms.

The scientific method ( Sect.1.2)

A Way to Solve a Problems

Until the Renaissance the approach to the understanding of

the world phenomena was guided by reason rather than
observation. This approach was influenced by Greek and
later Christian philosophers.

He is considered to be
the first true scientist.
He was the first who
actually did experiments
to prove his ideas.

Galileo Galilei 1564-1642

The steps of the Scientific Method

are:
Observation The sky is blue
Ask a question Why?
Hypothesis
If the sun light passes trough the
atmosphere then is filtered
Experiment Analyze the sunlight spectrum
Data
45&33$$$222456 wavelength
Observations Blue light is scattered in all direction
Conclusion

The tiny molecules of air in Earth's

atmosphere scatter blue light in all directions.
Blue is scattered more than other colors
because it travels as shorter, smaller waves.
This is why we see a blue sky most of the time

Observations

Observations: We use our senses to gather

information about the world around us. There
are two types of observations.
Qualitative observation: (quality) Usually
made with our senses. E.g. Color, shape, feel,
taste, sound. E.g. Maria is wearing a blue
sweater, the classroom of chemistry is cold,
the mango juice is sweet.
Quantitative observation: (quantity) How
many. It will always have a number and units.
It is based on exact measurement. Sarah is
141-cm tall. Miguel weighs 75 kg. The room is
8 square meters. Quantitative observations
require the use of instruments.

Hypothesis
An educated guess, a prediction. It is used the If,
then format. We predict that if we drop a ball from
a higher height, then it will bounce higher.

Experiment

A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a

hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
We bounce the ball and measure the height the ball reaches.

Data
A collection of facts, such as values or measurements. As
seen above for observations, Data can be qualitative or
quantitative. The ball is bouncing 89.5 cm height.

Conclusion

The outcome or result of an act, process, event, etc. The

ball bounce 25 cm for every Newton of strength applied.
It can develop in a scientific law or scientific theory

Scientific Law
A number of similar observations lead to
the development of a scientific law,
a brief statement that synthesizes past
observations and predicts future ones. A
scientific law has been proven correct and
true numerous times.
Lavoisier developed the law of conservation of
mass, which states, In a chemical reaction
matter is neither created nor destroyed.

It is like this because. So we can predict that..

A guess/belief that something is true, not necessarily
correct, some people may support it, others not.
One or more well-established hypotheses may form the
basis for a scientific theory.
Theories provide a broader and deeper explanation
for observations and laws.
They are models of the way nature is. They explain
the why nature is like this.
E.g. the Theory of evolution by Darwin.

Scientific Theory

Theory: A logical, time tested explanation for events

that occur in nature . It is an explanation based on
many observations during repeated experiments that
is valid only if it is consistent with observations,
makes predictions that can be tested, and is the
simplest explanation.
Note that Scientific Theory has a very different
meaning in science than in everyday life. The
detective has a theory about who robbed the bank.
This is a guess.When scientists use the word theory
it is not used as a guess

A hypothesis is less than a theory. Confirmed

hypotheses become points of information within a
theory

Relationships Between Pieces of

the Scientific Method

Tro: Chemistry: A
Molecular A
Approach
Tro: Chemistry:
Molecular Approach, 2/e

23

Exercise
A newly discovered aqueous extract of a berry grown in
southeast Asia is claimed to cure malaria. How would
you classify this claim? Is this an example of a:
(a) fact,
(b) theory,
(c) hypothesis,
(d) myth?
Solution:
The claim that the extract cured malaria is classified as a
(c) hypothesis. No evidence had been provided to prove or
disprove the claim.

The scientific method