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LESSON NO 4
Q.1 CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION
1 Which plan was like a sweet poison?
A Annexation policy
B Subsidiary Alliance
C Dual System policy
D The rule of Nawabs policy
2 Who started Subsidiary Alliance?
A Lord Wellesley B Lord Hastings C Lord Dalhousie D William
Bentinck
3 Who accepted Subsidiary Alliance first?
A Tipu Sultan B Hyder Ali
C Ranjit Singh
D Nizam
4 After the death of which Peshwa, there was a war among Maratha
States ?
A Nana Saheb
B Balaji Bajarao C Nana Fadanvis D Narayan
Rao
5 Within how many years did Lord Wellesley expand British
company and make British rule supreme in India?
A Seven
B Five
C Six
D Four
6 Between which cities was the railway line started first in India?
ABetween Mumbai and Satara B Beween Mumbai and Thane
C Between Mumbai and Surat D Between Mumbai and Pune
7 When did the first Railway line start in India?
A 1848 AD
B 1853AD
C 1851AD
D 1858AD
8 In which cities were universities established in India?
A in Mumbai , Delhi and Kolkata
B in Mumbai , Delhi and
Bengaluru
C in Mumbai , Ahemdabad and Delhi
D in Mumbai , Chennai
and Kolkata
9 When were the universities established in India?
A 1857 CE
B 1858CE
C 1864 CE
D 1860 CE
10which policy of the British ruined the native kings of India ?
A Imperialistic policy
B. Trade and Rule policy
C Annexation policy
D Divide and Rule policy
Lesson 5 Natural disasters
1 What is the place nearest to the focus of an earthquake on the
surface of the earth called?
A Wellesley
B Hardinge
C Macaulay
D
Charles
Wood
10 When did the thought cof starting English education in India
come to Macaulay ?
A 1834 AD
B. 1828 AD
C 1830 AD
D 1838 AD
11 When were the first universities established first in India?
A 1864 AD
B 1857 AD
C 1875 AD
D 1980 AD
Q.2 Blanks L 4 Blanks
1. Lord Wellesley introduced the Subsidiary Alliance policy in
India.
2. Subsidiary Alliance was like sweet poison for native states.
3. Nizam accepted the Subsidiary Alliance first.
4. Lord Wellesley made British rule supreme in India by
Subsidiary Alliance
5. Maharaja Ranjit Singh was powerful ruler of Punjab.
6. Governor General Hardinge brought the Sikh kingdom under
the British rule.
7. Lord Dalhousie annexed the states of those native kings who
died without a son.
8. The first railway line started from Mumbai to Thane during
Lord Dalhousies tenure.
9. The first railway line started in India between Mumbai and
Thane
10.
Railway , telegraph and post system were started in India
during Lord Dalhousies tenure.
11.
The first three universities were established in India in the
year 1857 CE
12.
Lord Dalhousie was the father of the annexation policy.
13.
Lord Wellesley made the British company the supreme
power in India .
14.
The war started among the Maratha states after the
death of Peshwa Nana Fadanvis.
LESSON 5
1 An earthquake is caused due to internal _tectonic movement
in the earth.
2 The maximum effect of an earthquake is near the epicentre on
the surface.
3 The effect of an earthquake depends on its
intensity/magnitude..
4 Fertility of land increases due to lava.
5 Lava soil is fertile because it contains Magma / potash
occupied .
Match
LESSON 5
1. sudden shaking of the
surface of the earth
earthquake
2. fertile lava
volcano
3. powerful and
devastating sea waves
tsunami
flood
5. damage to forest
resources
Forest fire
drought
LESSON 6
1 Cornwallis enforced the Permanent Settlement Act
2 Macaulay started an English education in India
3 William Bentinck banned the practice of sati
4 Gandhiji English education is the Education of slavery.
Q.5. ANSWER IN A SENTENCE OR TWO
. LESSON 4
5) Answer the following questions in 1 or 2 sentences each:1) Who introduced the subsidiary Alliance in India? Who accepted
the plan first?
ANS-1) Governor General Lord Wellesley introduced the subsidiary
Alliance in India. Nizam of Hyderabad accepted the plan first.
2) Which policy was like a sweet poison?
ANS-2) The Subsidiary Alliance plan was like a sweet poison.
3) By enforcing which policy, did Wellesley make British rule
supreme in India?
ANS-3) Wellesley made British supreme power in India by
enforcing the policy of Divide and Rule.
4) WHEN did the Britishers interfere in the administration of
Punjab?
ANS-4) When Ranjit Singh, the Maharaja of Punjab died, Sikhs
quarreled for the legacy. Taking advantage of this, the Britishers
interfered in the administration of Punjab.
5) Who did not allow childless kings to adopt son?
ANS-5) Lord Dalhousie disapproved the custom to adopt the son.
6) Which state where declared heirless and annexed by Dalhousie?
ANS-6) The states declared heirless and annexed by Dalhousie were
Satara, Jhansi, Nagpur, etc.
7) When and where was the first railway line started in India?
ANS-7) The first railway line was started in India from Mumbai to
Thane in the year 1853 A.D.
1 What has been said by the world historians about the economic
progress of India?
A.1. The world historians have said about the economic progress of
India that till the 18 th century, the production techniques of India,
its industries and organizations of trade and commerce were
unorganized
2 What type of country did India become during the hundred years
of British rule from 1757 AD to 1856 AD?
A.2. During the hundred years of British rule from 1757 AD to 1856
AD India became the source of raw material for the mills of England
and a big market for commodities which were manufactured in
those mills.
3 How did the peasants of India become economically poor?
A.3. When the Britishers got the power to collect the revenue
[Diwani] from Bengal, Bihar and Orissa; they started extracting
maximum revenue from the peasants. So, the peasants of India
became economically poor.
4 How did Lakhs of people die in Bengal in 1770 AD?
A.4. A devastating drought struck Bengal in 1770 A.D. The
Britishers did not take any steps to save the people from hunger.
So, lakhs of people died in Bengal in 1770 A.D.
5 Which revenue system was enforced by Cornwallis?
A.5. Cornwallis enforced the revenue system named Permanent
Settlement.
6 Who gave rights to the collectors to collect revenue and to give
judgement?
A.6. Lord Cornwallis gave rights to the collectors to collect revenue
and to give judgement.
7 Which feelings were aroused in peoples minds regarding the
British Social Reform policies?
A.7. The feeling of fear that was aroused in the people regarding
the policies started by British government for social reformation
was that the British Government was deliberately forcing them to
follow Christianity and they wanted to destroy the Indian religion
and culture.
8 Which order was passed in Agra by the British government?
A.8. The order that was passed in Agra by the British Government
was that every India had to salute the Britishers.
9 Which commodities were exported from India?
A.9. The commodities that were exported from India were jute,
wool, silk, cotton clothes, muslin of Dhaka, etc.
10 Why did the materials produced in India become costlier in India
itself?
LESSON 5
1. What is flood? Which areas are more affected due to the flood?
A. 1. The excessive force of the flow of water in the rivers is called
flood. Heavy rains in the monsoon, breaking of a dam or heavy flow
of water due to the melting of snow cause flood. Low lying areas
along the river beds are more affected due to the flood.
2. What is a drought?
A2. A drought means the non-occurrence of rain. Such a condition
occurs in case of scanty rainfall or no rainfall for continuous 2 to 3
years. There is a shortage of food and water and the ground water
dries up.
3. When is a storm created?
A.3. When a low pressure area develops over land or sea, powerful
winds blow towards this area from the surrounding regions. When
the wind blows powerfully along with rainfall a cyclonic storm is
developed. This is called a cyclonic condition.
4. What is a forest fire?
A.4. In dense forests, dry branches of larger trees come into
friction with each other frequently due to winds. This generates fire
and it spreads faster within the forest. Fire occurs due to other
reasons also. Such a fire is called forest fire. It causes heavy
damage to forest property.
5. Can the disasters mentioned in this unit be called geographical
events? Why?
A.5. Earthquake, volcano, tsunami, flood, drought, landslide etc.,
are the disasters which occur on the surface of the earth. So, these
disasters can be called geographical events.
6. How can you get information about disasters from the
government?
A.6. The information about the disaster be collected from the
government from the following address. Gujarat State Disaster
Management Authority, Block no. 11, 5th floor, Udyog Bhavan,
Gandhinagar, 382017. Tel: 917923259220 Fax: 917923259275. Email infor @ gsdma.org.
LESSON 6
Q.1. What reforms were done by William Bentinck in India?
A.1. Reforms done by William Bentinck in India were as follows:
1. He allotted posts to Indians in company administration.
2. The freedom of using mother tongue was given to the people
who came to demand justice in the court.
3. He passed a law to stop sati practice in 1829.
4. He enforced education committee to manage the expenditure if
one lakh rupees every year on education.
5. In 1853, he started English education system in India.
6. Thus the British army and their representatives were taken care
of at the cost of Indian rulers.
7. This system was like a sweet poison for the native states of
India.
Q.2. Discuss the specialities of the Annexation Policy.
A.2. Lord Dalhousie adopted the Annexation Policy. The
Annexation Policy means to bring an end to the rule of the native
states and to keep the states under the British control directly.
1. The company started interfering in the internal affairs of the
states and annexed many states in the name of misadministration.
2. Under this policy, if the king died without an heir, his state would
be annexed. The kingdoms of Satara, Jhansi, Nagpur , etc., were
annexed by this policy.
3. Dalhousie annexed many states by winning the battle. For eg.,
he defeated Sikhs in the battle and annexed Punjab. Similarly he
defeated the king of Myanmar and annexed his kingdom also.
4. Thus, by victory, confiscation and annexation, Dalhousie joined
many Indian states to the regions of British government and
expanded the British rule.
Q.3. How were the Britishers benefitted due to Subsidiary Alliance
and Annexation Policy?
A.3. There were many small and large states in India. There was no
unity among them. Consequently, Indian states were ruined by the
Britishers policy of Divide and Rule. Many native kings became
slave of the Britishers by accepting Wellesleys Subsidiary Alliance.
In the time period of seven years, Wellesley expanded the company
by Subsidiary Alliance and made British rule supreme power in
India.
The kings who accepted Subsidiary Alliance had no feeling of
internal or external fear and so they became irresponsible.
Consequently, misadministration was carried out in their states.
Dalhousie annexed those states by Annexation Policy and joined
with British rule. He defeated some states in battle and
disapproved the right of some kings to adopt the son. Their states
were annexed and joined with company government. Thus,
Dalhousie established British Rule in whole nation.
LESSON 5
Q.1. What benefits would you get if you live in a volcanic region?
A.1. Following are the benefits of volcanic eruption.
1. Due to such eruption, a large layer of magma spreads on the
surface of the earth and magma soil is formed. This soil increases
the fertility of the land.
2. Abundant crop can be obtained from the potash-based soils on
the volcanic slopes.