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DEFECTS
CRACKS
Shallow Crater / Star
PRESS. VESSEL
& STORAGE
TANKS
PRESS. VESSELS
UW - 51 (b)
UW- 52 (SPOT)
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
PLANT PIPING
POWER PIPING
NORMAL
SEVERE
CATEGORY D
HIGH PRESSURE
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
IP
Depth
NA
Cummulative Length
Length due to HI LOW
Inadd. Cross Penetration
IF
Open to surface
Length
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
Wall thk.(mm)
<1/2"(13)
>1/2", < 2" (51)
>2" (51)
> 1" per 12" weld / 8% of weld length in any weld < 12"
(300 mm) in length
Aggregate
Due to COLD LAP
Aggregate length
IC
Depth (Suck Up)
BT
Size & Density
Zero
> 1 mm & > 0.2 TW
Height
1/16" (1.5 mm)
1/8" (3 mm)
3/32" (4 mm)
NA
NA
NA
NA
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
Zero
and if the longest indication seperated by less than 3L, L is the length of
Longest indication . Max length of indication > 19 mm.
AI shorter then 6 mm is acc for any plate
Except when the distance b/w successive imperfection > 6L, where L is the
longest imperfection in the group
If the longet indication's considered are separate by at least 3L. The ma. Length
of unacceptable indication's shall be > 3/4". Any such indication longer then 1/4"
shall be unacceptable for any plate thickness.
Density > base metal and dimension > thinner wall thick.
Desity of BTs > base metal
UNDERCUTTING
Zero
Zero
Zero
> 2" ( 50mm) per 12" weld or > 1/6 of weld length
Depth
ACCUMULATION OF
IMPERFECTIONS
NA
AOI (excluding IP due to HI-low & UC) > 2" (50 mm) in
any continuous 12" (300) OR aggregate length exceeds
8% of weld length
ALIGNED
INDICATIONS
NA
Date: 10.09.2010
NA
NA
NA
NA
sheet 1 of 3
1. Rounded Indications: Indications with a maximum length of three times the width or less on the radiographed are defined as R. I., the indication may be circular, elliptical,
conical or irregular in shape and may have tails.
When evaluating the size of an indication, the tail shall be included. The indication may be from any imperfection in the weld, such as porosity, slag or tungston.
2. Aligned Indications: A sequence of four or more rounded indications shall be considered to be aligned when they touch a line parallel to the length of the weld drawn through
the centre of the two outer rounded indications.
3. Linear Indications: crack, Incomplete Fusion, Incomplete Penetration, elongated Slag Inclusion
4. Elongated Indications: Length of indications greater then 3 times the width
Fluid service: a general term concerning the application of a piping system, considering the combination of fluid properties, operating conditions, & other factors which establish
the basis for design of the piping system.
Category D Fluid Service: a fluid service in which all the following apply: (1) the fluid handled is nonflammable , nontoxic, and not damaging to human tissues.
(2) the
Category M Fluid Service: a fluid service in which the potential for personnel exposure is judged to be significant and in which a single exposure to a very small quantity of a toxic
fluid, caused by leakage, can produce serious irreversible harm to persons on breathing or bodily contact, even when prompt restorative measures are taken.
High Pressure fluid Service: a fluid service for which the owner specifies the use of chapter IX ( is considered herein to be pressure in excess of that allowed by the ASME
B16.5 PN 420 (Class 2500) rating for the specific design temperature & material group. However , there are no specified pressure limitations for the application of these rules.
Normal Fluid Service: a fluid service not subject to rules for Category D, Category M, or High Pressure Fluid Service.
Severe Service:
APPENDIX 4
(a) Image Density , Density within the image of the indication may vary & is not a criterion for acceptance or rejection
(b) Relevant Indication: , ref. table 4.1, FOR 1/10 t for t less than 1/8 (3 mm), 1/6 t for t 3 mm to 6 mm, 1/32 t for t greater then 6 mm to 50 mm & 1/16 t for t greater then 50
mm.
(c ) Maximum Size of RI : 1/4 t or 4 mm, except Isolated Indications seperated from others by 25 mm or moremay be 6 mm. For t greater then 50 mm is 10 mm.
(d) Aligned RI : the sum is less than t in a length of 12t, Fig 4-1, Spacing and Length of group shall be as per Fig 4-2
(e) Spacing : distance between adjacent RIs is not a factor.
(f) RI Charts : Fig 4-3 through 4-8
(g) Weld Thickness less then 3mm thk: Max. 12 no. of RI in 150 mm length of weld.
(h) Clustered Indications : 4 times as for random indications. Cluster Length exceeds the lesser of 1" (25mm) or 2t. Where more than one cluster is pesent, the sum of the
lengths of the clusters shall not exceed 25mm in 150mm weld length.
Rounded Indication Chart (APPENDIX 4, TABLE 4-1)
Acceptance Standard for Radiographically determined Rounded Indications in welds
Maximum size of acceptable
Thickness
(t)
Rounded Indication
Random
Maximum size of
Non Relevant Indication
Isolated
inches
mm
inches
mm
inches
mm
inches
3.17
1/4t
6.35t
1/3t
8.5t
1/10t
2.5t
3.17
0.031
0.792
0.042
0.015
0.39
4.76
0.047
1.19
0.063
1.6
0.015
0.39
6.35
0.063
1.58
0.083
2.1
0.015
0.39
7.93
0.078
1.98
0.104
2.64
0.031
0.79
9.52
0.091
2.38
0.125
3.175
0.031
0.79
11.11
0.109
2.77
0.146
3.7
0.031
0.79
12.7
0.125
3.77
0.168
4.3
0.031
0.79
19.05
0.142
4.76
0.188
4.8
0.031
0.79
15.87
0.156
3.96
0.21
5.3
0.031
0.79
17.46
0.156
3.96
0.23
5.8
0.031
0.79
3/4 to 2, inclus.
over 2
19.05
50.8
0.156
0.156
3.96
3.96
0.25
0.375
6.35
9.5
0.031
0.063
0.79
1.6
Essential
Wire
Essential Dia
of Wire
mm
No.
mm
Designation
Thk. (mm)
Nomianal Single-Wall
Material Thickness Range
mm
Dia (No.)
Inches
Hole -Type
0.0032
(1)
0.2
12
0.32
0.004
0.005
(2)
(3)
0.25
15
0.38
0.33
17
0.44
0.0063
(4)
0.41
20
0.51
0.008
(5)
0.51
25
0.64
0.01
(6)
10
0.64
30
0.76
0.013
(7)
11
0.81
35
0.89
0.016
(8)
12
1.02
40
1.02
0.02
(9)
13
1.27
50
1.27
0.025
(10)
14
1.6
60
1.52
0.032
(11)
16
2.54
80
2.03
0.04
(12)
17
3.2
100
2.54
0.05
(13)
18
4.06
120
3.05
0.063
(14)
20
6.35
160
4.06
0.08
(15)
21
8.13
200
5.08
0.1
(16)
0.126
(17)
0.16
(18)
0.2
(19)
0.25
(20)
0.32
(21)
Sept 2010
Sensitivity
S=V.W/T x 100
REF. CODE
DEFECTS
SLAG/TUNGSTON
INCLUSION / EI
UW - 51 (b)
UW- 52 (SPOT)
POWER PIPING
PLANT PIPING
(APPLICABLE FOR GIRTH & MITTER GROOVE)
NORMAL
SEVERE
EI length >:
(a) 1/4" (6 mm) for t upto
3/4" (19 mm)
(b) 1/3t for t from 3/4" (19
mm) to 2 1/4" (57 mm)
(C) 3/4" for t over 21/4"
POROSITY / RI
NA
See BPV Sec. VIII,
DIV. 1 Appendix 4
Individual > 1/8" (3 mm), > 25% of thinest wall thk. &
Distribution of Scattered as per Fig 19 or 20
Diameter of cluster & aggregate Length in any
continous 12" > 1/2" (13 mm)
Individual & Aggregate length > 1/2" (13 mm)per 12"
weld
Length of each indication > 1/2" (13 mm)
aggeregate length > 2" per 12" weld / > 8% of weld
SURFACE FINISH
NA
Width of ISI
Cluster
HIGH PRESSURE
CATEGORY D
Width of ESI
Width
PRESS. VESSEL
ESI
Zero
Zero
Reinf. Below then the out side of pipe
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
> 12.5 ,u m R
REINFORCEMENT
Or internal protrusion
Height
PIPE OR FITTING
DISCONTINUTIES
WELDER TEST
NA
NA
for Tw in
(mm)
NA
NA
NA
Date: 10.09.2010
(mm)
(1.5)
1/16"(1.5)
>1/8"
(3)
>5/32"
(4)
>2" (51)
>1" (25)
> 1/16"
(5)
NA
height in
> 1/16"
NA
NA
1/8" (3)
3/32" (4)
NA
AS PER ASME SEC. IX, 2007 (b) Rounded Indication: (1) > 20% of t or 3 mm which
ever is smaller (2) TW < 1/8' (3 mm), no. of rounded indications > 12 in a 150 mm (6")
length
(3) TW > 1/8" refer Appendix I
RI less than 0.8 mm Max. dia not to be consider in RT acceptance.
sheet 2 of 3