D Alert # 20

- the latest mycological papers

from

Search date:
2015/08/24
Created by
Atsushi Nakajima
(@Ats_Nakajima)

Daikinrin Daily Document Alert

D Alert #
20150824-1

20

- the latest mycological papers from Google Scholar

Created byAtsushi Nakajima (@Ats_Nakajima) CC BY 4.0

Search Date

2015/08/24

Microchrysosphaera graminicola, an enigmatic new genus and species in the

Hypocreales from Panama

Microchrysosphaera graminicola

Bibliographic information
C Judith, AY Rossman, AH Kennedy, O Cceres - Mycological , 2015 - Springer

URL
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11557-015-1095-2

Abstract/Summary
An unusual fungus with a novel set of morphological, ecological, and DNA sequence characteristics was found to be causing necrosis of
distal portions of living leaves and sterility of Parodiophyllochloa cordovensis (Poaceae) in Panama. The small, superficial, soft-textured
yellow perithecia develop directly on the surface of the necrotic plant tissue. The unitunicate asci are filled with hyaline, long-fusiform,
typically 612-septate ascospores that disarticulate into secondary part-ascospores that later produce tertiary spores. This undescribed
fungus could not be cultured, nor was an asexual state observed. Morphological characteristics are inconsistent with any existing generic
concept, but suggest a close phylogenetic relationship with species of Hypocreales. This was confirmed by molecular phylogenetic analysis of
nrLSU rDNA sequences. While host relationship and disarticulation of ascospores suggest an affinity between this fungus and species of
Clavicipitaceae, its colonization of necrotic tissue of a living host, lack of stromata, non-thickened apices of the asci, and long-fusiform (not
filiform) ascospores suggest otherwise. Furthermore, this fungus differs morphologically from species in Bionectriaceae and Nectriaceae in
its disarticulating long-fusiform ascospores, part-ascospores producing tertiary spores, and occurrence on living grasses. Our phylogenetic
analysis of combined ITS, nrLSU, and TEF1 sequences yielded evidence for placement of the new species within the Hypocreales, close to
Bionectriaceae and Nectriaceae. However, our analysis did not specifically clarify and support the species membership within either family.
This fungus is described as Microchrysosphaera graminicola, a new genus and species belonging to the Hypocreales, incertae sedis.

Comment (brief comment in Japanese)

Related taxa
(extracted from title and abstract/summary)

Keywords(auto-indexed)

HypocrealesClavicipitaceaeBionectriaceaeNectriaceae

/Poaceae, /Panama,
/new species, /new genus,
/molecular phylogenetic analysis

Daikinrin Daily Document Alert

D Alert #
20150824-3

20

- the latest mycological papers from Google Scholar

Created byAtsushi Nakajima (@Ats_Nakajima) CC BY 4.0

Search Date

2015/08/24

Three genera in the Ceratocystidaceae are the respective symbionts of three

independent lineages of ambrosia beetles with large, complex mycangia

33

Bibliographic information
CG Mayers, DL Mcnew, TC Harrington, RA Roeper - Fungal Biology, 2015 - Elsevier

URL
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878614615001397

Abstract/Summary
Abstract The genus Ambrosiella accommodates species of Ceratocystidaceae (Microascales) that are obligate, mutualistic symbionts of
ambrosia beetles, but the genus appears to be polyphyletic and more diverse than previously recognized. In addition to A. xylebori, A.
hartigii, A. beaveri, and A. roeperi, three new species of Ambrosiella are described from the ambrosia beetle tribe Xyleborini: A. nakashimae
sp. nov. from Xylosandrus amputatus, A. batrae sp. nov. from Anisandrus sayi, and A. grosmanniae sp. nov. from X. germanus. The genus
Meredithiella gen. nov. is created for symbionts of the tribe Corthylini, based on M. norrisii sp. nov. from Corthylus punctatissimus. The
genus Phialophoropsis is resurrected to accommodate associates of the Xyloterini, including P. trypodendri from Trypodendron scabricollis
and P. ferruginea comb. nov. from T. lineatum. Each of the 10 named species was distinguished by ITS rDNA barcoding and morphology,
and the ITS rDNA sequences of four other putative species were obtained with Ceratocystis-specific primers and template DNA extracted
from beetles or galleries. These results support the hypothesis that each ambrosia beetle species with large, complex mycangia carries its
own fungal symbiont. Conidiophore morphology and phylogenetic analyses using 18S (SSU) rDNA and TEF1 DNA sequences suggest that
these three fungal genera within the Ceratocystidaceae independently adapted to symbiosis with the three respective beetle tribes. In turn,
the beetle genera with large, complex mycangia appear to have evolved from other genera in their respective tribes that have smaller, less
selective mycangia and are associated with Raffaelea spp. (Ophiostomatales).

Comment (brief comment in Japanese)

Related taxa
(extracted from title and abstract/summary)

Keywords(auto-indexed)

CeratocystidaceaeAmbrosiellaMicroascales
PhialophoropsisRaffaeleaOphiostomatales

/new species,
/ambrosia beetle

Daikinrin Daily Document Alert

D Alert #
20150824-4

20

- the latest mycological papers from Google Scholar

Created byAtsushi Nakajima (@Ats_Nakajima) CC BY 4.0

Search Date

2015/08/24

Commercial Laurus nobilis L. and Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. & Perry essential oils
against post-harvest phytopathogenic fungi on rice

Bibliographic information
MP Santamarina, J Rosell, S Gimnez - LWT-Food Science and , 2015 - Elsevier

URL
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643815301341

Abstract/Summary
Rice is exposed in the field and in stored conditions to a great variety of fungi that can cause a lot of diseases with potential risk to
consumers. In the present study, the chemical composition of commercial Laurus nobilis L. and Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. & Perry
essential oils and antifungal activity against five pathogenic fungi isolated from Mediterranean rice grains has been investigated. Thirtyseven compounds accounting for more than 99.5% of the total essential oil were identified by GC and GC/MS. 1,8-Cineole (51.95%), terpinyl acetate (12.93%) and the monoterpene hydrocarbon sabinene (9.56%) were the main compounds in bay leaf essential oil, while
the phenylpropanoid eugenol (88.58%), and the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons -caryophyllene (8.13%) and -humulene (2.35%) were
found in clove essential oil. Clove essential oils at 300 g/mL showed more antifungal effect than bay leaf essential oil against all tested
strains. S. aromaticum essential oil showed the best antifungal activity towards Fusarium graminearum and similar antifungal activity
compared to pure eugenol against all tested phytopathogenic fungi. In inoculated rice grain, clove essential oil significantly reduced the
fungal infection in food so S. aromaticum essential oil could be a good alternative as preservative in stored rice grain.

Comment (brief comment in Japanese)

Related taxa
(extracted from title and abstract/summary)

Keywords(auto-indexed)
GC/MS, /Laurus,
/Syzygium, /chemical
composition, /antifungal
activity, /pathogenic fungi

FusariumFusarium graminearum

Daikinrin Daily Document Alert

D Alert #
20150824-5

20

- the latest mycological papers from Google Scholar

Created byAtsushi Nakajima (@Ats_Nakajima) CC BY 4.0

Search Date

2015/08/24

First report of Neurospora on Corylus avellana in natural forest of Iran

Bibliographic information
K Rahnama, R Habibi - Journal of Yeast and Fungal , 2015 - academicjournals.org

URL
http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1439642009_Rahnama and Habibie.pdf

Abstract/Summary
Teleomorph stage of the fungus Neurospora udagawae was formed abundantly on the culture media of potato dextrose agar, potato carrot
agar and malt extract agar. Perithecia were visible on the culture medium and plant tissues (on the bark of tree) of hazelnut tree (Corylus
avellana L.) from specimens of the Northwest forest of Iran. The fungus was identified for the first time in this area. The isolate was
examined for its macroscopic and microscopic features and identified as nonconidiating species of Neurospora. Growth rate of the fungus
hyphae was more than twice in 30 than 10 and 20C. There was no growth at 5 and 40C. This fungus is recorded here for the first time
from hazelnut tree of Iran and so in the world.

Comment (brief comment in Japanese)

Related taxa
(extracted from title and abstract/summary)

Keywords(auto-indexed)
/Iran, /Corylus, /forest

NeurosporaNeurospora udagawae

Daikinrin Daily Document Alert

D Alert #
20150824-6

20

- the latest mycological papers from Google Scholar

Created byAtsushi Nakajima (@Ats_Nakajima) CC BY 4.0

Search Date

2015/08/24

Identification of commercial Ganoderma (Lingzhi) species by ITS2 sequences

ITS2

Bibliographic information
B Liao, X Chen, J Han, Y Dan, L Wang, W Jiao - Chinese , 2015 - cmjournal.org

URL
http://www.cmjournal.org/content/10/1/22/

Abstract/Summary
Teleomorph stage of the fungus Neurospora udagawae was formed abundantly on the culture media of potato dextrose agar, potato carrot
agar and malt extract agar. Perithecia were visible on the culture medium and plant tissues (on the bark of tree) of hazelnut tree (Corylus
avellana L.) from specimens of the Northwest forest of Iran. The fungus was identified for the first time in this area. The isolate was
examined for its macroscopic and microscopic features and identified as nonconidiating species of Neurospora. Growth rate of the fungus
hyphae was more than twice in 30 than 10 and 20C. There was no growth at 5 and 40C. This fungus is recorded here for the first time
from hazelnut tree of Iran and so in the world.

Comment (brief comment in Japanese)

Related taxa
(extracted from title and abstract/summary)

Keywords(auto-indexed)
/Iran, /Corylus,
/Ganoderma, /forest

GanodermaNeurosporaNeurospora udagawae

Daikinrin Daily Document Alert

D Alert #
20150824-7

20

- the latest mycological papers from Google Scholar

Created byAtsushi Nakajima (@Ats_Nakajima) CC BY 4.0

Search Date

2015/08/24

A method for obtaining RNA from Hemileia vastatrix appressoria produced in planta,
suitable for transcriptomic analyses

Hemileia vastatrixRNA

Bibliographic information
A Loureiro, HG Azinheira, M do Cu Silva, P Talhinhas - Fungal Biology, 2015 - Elsevier

URL
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878614615001452

Abstract/Summary
Abstract Appressoria are the first infection structures developed by rust fungi and require specific topographic signals from the host for their
differentiation. The ease in obtaining appressoria in vitro for these biotrophic fungi led to studies concerning gene expression and gene
discovery at appressorial level, avoiding the need to distinguish plant and fungal transcripts. However, in some pathosystems, it was
observed that gene expression in appressoria seems to be influenced by host-derived signals, suggesting that transcriptomic analyses
performed from in planta differentiated appressoria would be potentially more informative than those from in vitro differentiated
appressoria. Nevertheless analysing appressorial RNA obtained from in planta samples is often hampered by an excessive dilution of fungal
RNA within plant RNA, besides uncertainty regarding the fungal or plant origin of RNA from highly conserved genes. To circumvent these
difficulties, we have recovered Hemileia vastatrix appressoria from Arabica coffee leaf surface using a film of nitrocellulose dissolved in butyl
and ethyl acetates (nail polish), and extracted fungal RNA from the polish peel. RNA thus obtained is of good quality and usable for cDNA
synthesis and transcriptomic (quantitative PCR) studies. This method could provide the means to investigate specific host-induced
appressoria-related fungal pathogenicity factors.

Comment (brief comment in Japanese)

Related taxa
(extracted from title and abstract/summary)

Keywords(auto-indexed)
/rust fungi, /gene
expression, PCR/quantitative PCR

HemileiaHemileia vastatrix

Daikinrin Daily Document Alert

D Alert #
20150824-11

20

- the latest mycological papers from Google Scholar

Created byAtsushi Nakajima (@Ats_Nakajima) CC BY 4.0

Search Date

2015/08/24

Why Nuclear Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) has been Selected as the
DNA Barcode for Fungi

ITSDNA

Bibliographic information
Z Mahmoud - Adv Genet Eng, 2015 - omicsgroup.org

URL
http://www.omicsgroup.org/journals/why-nuclear-ribosomal-internal-transcribed-spacer-its-has-been-selected-asthe-dna-barcode-for-fungi
-2169-0111-1000119.pdf

Abstract/Summary
The application of DNA sequences of standardized genetic markersfor the identification of eukaryotic organisms is known as DNAbarcoding.
Based on a recent study by a multinational andmultilaboratory fungal barcoding consortium, the nuclear ribosomalinternal transcribed
spacer (ITS) has been selected as the DNAbarcode for fungi. DNA barcoding shows tremendous promise for theorganisms rapid
identification at the species level. Recently, DNAbarcodes are used for identification of fungal species in marinesediments.

Comment (brief comment in Japanese)

Related taxa
(extracted from title and abstract/summary)

Keywords(auto-indexed)
DNA/DNA barcoding