LESSON 1

ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Of: / v/ De
Off: / f/ Fuera
Dying: Moribundo
Shark: Tiburn
Teach: Ensear
Taught: Pasado de Teach
Beans: Judas, Habas, Alubias
Duck: Pato
Lettuce: / Letis/ Lechuga
Peaches: Melocotones
Prawns: / Pr:nz/ Gambas
Salmon: /Saemn/ Salmn
Sausages: / Ssidiz/ Salchichas
Strawberry: Fresa
Strawberries: / Str: briz/ Fresas
Fresh: Fresco
Frozen: Congelado
Home-made: Casero
Low fat: Bajo en grasa
Raw: / R:/ Crudo
Spicy: /Spaisi/ Picante
Sweet: Dulce
Takeaway: Para llevar
Knife: /naif/ Cuchillo
Knives: / naivz/ Cuchillos
Fork: Tenedor
Dessert: / Diz:ts/ Postres
Spoon: Cuchara
Plate: Plato
Glass: Vaso
Main courses: /Mein k:siz/ Primeros platos, principal
1

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Napkin: / naepkin/ Servilleta

Salt and pepper: Sal y pimienta
Starters: /Sta:tr/ Entremeses, entrantes
Prawns cocktail: Cctel de gambas
Onion Soup: Sopa de cebolla
Grilled steak and chips: Filete a la parrilla con patatas
Salmon with boiled potatoes: Salmn con patatas cocidas
Strawberries and cream: Fresas con nata
Tiramisu: Tiramis
Boiled rice: Arroz cocido o hervido
Roast chicken: Pollo asado
Baked potatoes: Patatas al horno
Grilled sausages: Salchichas a la parrilla
Fried eggs: Huevos fritos
Steamed vegetables: Verduras al vapor
Vegetables: /Veditabl/ Verduras, vegetales
Fruit: Fruta
Meat: Carne
Fish: Pescado
Seafood: Marisco
Jam: Mermelada
Berries: Bayas
Tuna: Atn
Cod: Bacalao
Mustard: Mostaza
Soy Sauce: Salsa de soja
Beetroot: Remolacha
Cabbage: Repollo
Can: Lata
Jar: Jarro, bote
Beef: Vaca
Lamb: Cordero
2

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Coffee: Caf
Wine: Vino
Thick: Espeso
Stew: Estofado
Pineapple: Pia
Chilli pepper: Guindilla
Haddock: Carne de pescado
Dressing: Alio
Ranch: Salsa ranchera
Serving pies: Porcin, racin de tarta
Carrot: Zanahoria
Olives: Aceitunas
Sardines: Sardinas
Octopus: Pulpo
Grapes: Uvas
Juice: Zumo
Peanuts: Cacahuetes
ACTION AND NON ACTTION VERBS:
Los verbos que describen acciones (COOK, MAKE) pueden ser usados tanto en PRESENT
SIMPLE como en PRESENT CONTINUOUS.
IM MAKING THE LUNCH, I USUALLY MAKE THE LUNCH AT THE WEEKEND
WHAT ARE YOU COOKING TONIGHT?
IM MAKING PASTA
GREAT! I REALLY LIKE PASTA.
Los verbos que describen estados o sentimientos (no acciones) (LIKE, WANT, BE, LOVE,
NEED) no son usados normalmente en PRESENT CONTINUOUS, incluso si significan ahora.
Los verbos ms comunes que no describen ACCIONES son: AGREE, BE, BELIEVE,
BELONG, DEPEND, FORGET, HATE, HEAR, KNOW, LIKE, LOVE, MATTER, MEAN,
NEED, PREFER, REALIZE, RECOGNIZE, REMEMBER, SEEM, SUPPOSE.
Existen unos pocos verbos que tienen ACCIN Y NO ACCIN (HAVE, THINK) en su
significado.
I HAVE A BIG FLAT = POSSESION (NON ACTION)
I CANT TALK NOW. IM HAVING LUNCH = AN ACTIVITY (ACTION)
I THINK THIS MUSICS GREAT = OPINION (NON ACTION)
WHAT ARE YOU THINKING ABOUT? = (AN ACTION)
3

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Nuts: Frutos Secos

PRESENT SIMPLE AFIRMATIVO

ESTRUCTURA: I/ YOU/ WE /THEY

+ VERB
I usually WORK at home
HE/SHE/IT + VERB +S
Danny knowS me very well

PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATIVO

ESTRUCTURA: I/ YOU/ WE /THEY + DO NOT +

INFINITIVE VERB
Do not = Dont
I dont work
HE/SHE/IT + DOES NOT + VERB
DOES NOT= DOESNT
He doesnt work

PRESENT SIMPLE INTERROGATIVO

ESTRUCTURA: AUX +SUBJECT +

INFINITIVE
DO + I/YOU/WE /THEY + VERB
DO YOU WORK?
YES, I/YOU/WE/THEY DO
NO, I/YOU/WE/THEY DONT
DOES HE/SHE /IT +VERB
DOES HE/SHE/IT WORK?
YES, HE/SHE/IT DOES
NO, HE/SHE/IT DOESNT

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

ADVERBS AND EXPRESSION OF FRECUENCY

Every day, once a week: van al final de la frase.
Always, usually, often, sometimes, hardy ever: antes del verbo
principal y despus del verbo be

QUESTIONS WITH AND WITHOUT AUXILIARIES

ESTRCTURA DE LAS QUESTIONS WITH AUXILIAR: QUESTION WORD + AUXILIAR

+SUBJECT + INFINITIVE (QUASI) OR AUXILIARY + SUBJECT + INFINITIVE (ASI)

WHO DID YOU SEE?
DO YOU LIKE MUSIC?
WHO DID YOU SEE? I SAW MARY
ESTRUCTURA DE LAS QUESTIONS WITHOUT AUXILIARY: QUESTION WORD +
VERB IN PAST
SUJETO DE LA ORACIN: WHO, WHAT, WHICH, HOW MANY; WHICH se utiliza para
seleccionar personas cosas.
WHO SAW YOU? MARY
WHAT HAPPENED? NOTHING
WHAT DID YOU DO? I DINT ANYTHING
WHO, WHAT SON EL SUJETO DE LA ORACION SI NO TENEMOS EL AUXILIAR.
HOW MANY PEOPLE COME TO THE PARTY? HOW MANY PEOPLE ES EL SUJETO
DE ESTA PREGUNTA

Cuando WHO, WHAT, WHICH, HOW MANY son el sujeto del verbo, en la pregunta no usamos el auxiliar (do/does/ did) y el verbo va en tercera persona. WHO
WRITES THIER SONGS?
WHAT HAPPENED AFTER THE CONCERT?
WHICH COUNTRY WON EUROVISION SONG CONTEST?

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

GOING TO: SUBJECT +BE + GOING TO + INFINITIVE ( PLANS AND

PREDICTIONS)
Usamos be going to + infinitive para hablar acerca de planes futuros y predicciones.
Im going to work in the UK for six month (plan)
I think its going to rain this afternoon (prediction)
Cuando usamos going to go to podemos omitir to go
I m going to go to university next year Im going to university next year.
GOING TO + INFINITIVE POSITIVE:
I m going to work in a restaurant
Shes going to meet me at the airport
GOING TO + INFINITIVE NEGATIVE:
We arent going to stay very long
He isnt going to like the weather there
GOING TO + INFINITIVE INTERROGATIVE:
Are you going to find a job?
When is your brother going to visit you?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS: (FOR FUTURE ARRAGEMENTS)

Utilizamos el present continuous para preparativos futuros, los cuales ya estaban
planeados establecidos en el tiempo y lugar.
No se puede utilizar el present simple para hablar de futuro
El presente continuo (present continuous) es especialmente comn utilizarlo con las
expresiones: tonight, tomorrow, this weekend.
El present continuous se utiliza con estos verbos: go, come, see, leave y arrive.
AFIRMATIVE: I m seeing some friends tonight; Were having dinner at their house
tomorrow
NEGATIVE: She isnt leaving until Friday; They arent coming to the party
INTERROGATIVE: What are you doing this evening? ; Is she meeting us at the
cinema?

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Crab:/ Krach/ Cangrejo

Mussels:/ Mslz/Mejilones
Prawns: /Pr:nz/ Gambas
Salmon: /Saemn/ Salmn
Squid: / Skwid/ Calamar
Tuna: / Tju:n/Atn
Beef: /Bi:f/ Carne de vaca
Chicken: /tikin/ Pollo
Duck: /Dk/ Pato
Lamb: /Laem/ Cordero
Pork: / P:k/ Cerdo
Aubergine: /bei:n/ Berenjena (Ingls Americano: Eggplant)
Beetroot: /Bi:tru:t/ Remolacha
Cabbage: / Kaebid/ Repollo, berza, col
Cherries: /Teriz/ Cerezas
Courgette: /K:et/Calabacn (Ingls Americano: Zucchini)
Cucumber: / Kju:kmb/ Pepino
Grapes: /Greips/ Uvas
Green beans: /Gri:n bi:nz/ Judas verdes
Lemon: /Lman/ Limn
Mango: /Maeng/ Mango
Melon: /Meln/ Meln
Peach: /Pi:t/ Melocotn
Pear: /Pe/Pera
Raspberries: /Ra:zbriz/ Frambruesas
Red pepper: /red pep/ Pimiento rojo
Oily: /ili/ Aceitoso, empalagoso, meloso
Head Chef: Chef
Spinach: Espinaca
Bill: Cuenta
Noodle: Fideos, tallarines
Ready- cooked: Comida precocinada
7

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Bit down: Desanimado

Low-fat: Bajo en grasa
Steak: /steik/ Filete
Well done: Bien/muy hecho
Medium: No muy hecho, en su punto
Rare: Poco hecho/cocido
Heat up: Calentar
Fat: Grasa
Soup: Sopa
Wholemeal: Integral
Dishes: Platos
Stew: Estofado
Portion: Porcin
Strange: /strend/ Raro, extrao
Eat out: Comer fuera
Honey: Miel

PAST SIMPLE

ESTRUCTURA: VERB + ED
STAY STAYED
LIKE LIKED
WORK - WORKED
STOP - STOPPED

PAST SIMPLE NEGATIVE

ESTRUCTURA: DID NOT OR DIDNT + VERB

INFINITIVE (con I/YOU/ SHE/HE/IT/WE / THEY)
I DIDNT WORK

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

PAST SIMPLE INTERROGATIVE

ESTRUCTURA: DID + SUBJECT + VERB

DID YOU STAY IN A HOTEL?
YES, I DID
NO, I DIDNT

PAST CONTINUOUS AFIRMATIVE

ESTRUCTURA: WAS + SUBJECT + VERB

+ING
I/HE/SHE/IT + WAS+VERB+ ING
I WAS WORKING
YOU/WE/ THEY + WERE + VERB +ING
YOU WERE WORKING

PAST CONTINUOUS NEGATIVE ESTRUCTURA: WASNT + SUBJECT + VERB

+ING
I/HE/SHE/IT + WASNT +VERB+ ING
I WASNT WORKING
YOU/WE/ THEY + WERE + VERB +ING

PAST CONTINUOUS INTERROGATIVE

ESTRUCTURA: WAS / WERE +

SUBJECT + VERB +ING
WAS HE WORKING?
WERE THEY WORKING?
YES, HE WAS
NO, HE WASNT
YES, THEY WERE

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Usamos el PAST CONTINUOUS para describir una accin en PROGRESO en un

MOMENTO ESPECFICO EN EL PASADO.
AT SIX OCLOCK LAST NIGHT I WAS DRIVING HOME
ON APRIL 1ST I WAS STAYING SOME FRIENDS IN THE COUNTRY
PAST SIMPLE OR PAST CONTINUOUS?
WHEN I TOOK THE PHOTO, THEY WERE WRITING A SONG.
I WAS SITTING AT HOME WHEN I SAW THE NEWS ON TV.
Usamos el PAST SIMPLE para una ACCIN COMPLETA en el PASADO
I TOOK THE PHOTO/ I SAW THE NEWS
Usamos el PAST CONTINUOUS para UNA ACCIN EN PROGRESO en un
MOMENTO ESPECFICO EN EL PASADO.
THEY WERE WRTING A SONG/ I WAS SITTING AT HOME

Bowl: / Bl/ Bol, tazn

Cut out: Suprimir
Cut down: Reducir, disminuir
Light: Ligero
Carbohydrates: Hidratos de carbono
Entire: Entero, completo
Full: Completo, lleno
Miss: Echar de menos
Trifle: Postre hecho a base de capas de bizcocho, fruta, crema y nata.
Nightmare: Pesadilla
Step: Paso, pisada
Captain: /Kaeptin/ Capitn
Coach: / Ct/ Entrenador
Fans: Aficin, hinchas
Players: Jugadores
Referee: / Refri:/ rbrito
Spectators: Espectadores
Team: /Ti:m/ Equipo
Stadium: / Steidim/ Estadio
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LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Sport hall: Polideportivo, gimnasio

Circuit: / S:kit/ Circuito
Court: / K:t/ Pista
Golf Course: Campo de golf
Pitch: Campo de ftbol
Pool: Piscina
Slope: /Slp/ Descenso
Track: /Traek/ Pista
Ski: /Ski:/ Esquiar
Motorcycling: /mt sakl/Motociclismo
Tennis: /Tenis/ Tenis
Basketball: /Bsktbl/ Baloncesto
Football: /Ftbl/ Ftbol
Rugby: / Rgbi/ Rugby
Hockey: /Hki/ Hockey
Swimming: /Swimin/ Natacin, nadar
Diving: / Daivin/ Buceo
SPORTS VERBS:
Beat: Vencer
Win: Ganar
Lose: Perder
Draw: /Dr:/ Empatar
YOU WIN A MATCH, COMPETITION, MEDAL OR THROPY.
YOU BEAT ANOTHER TEAM OR PERSON.

Team Talk: Charla tcnica

Warm up: Calentamiento
Kick: Lanzar con el pie, patear
Pass: Pasar
Head: Cabecear
Shoot: Disparar (lanzar a puerta)
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LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Score: Anotar, marcar

Miss: Echar fuera
Save: Parar, ahorrar, salvar
Tackle: Entrada, derribar
Foul: Falta
Free Kick: Falta directa
Corner: Crner
Penalty: Penalty
Goal: Portera
Dribble: Regatear
Do: Hacer
Train: Entrenar
Get injured: /indd/ Lesionarse
Get fit: Mantenerse en forma
Go: Ir
Play: Jugar
Archery: / :teri/ Tiro con arco
Fencing: /fensin/ Esgrima
Cycling: Ciclismo
Golf: Golf
Baseball: Bisbol

Badminton: Badminton
Surfing: Surf
Wrestling: Lucha libre
Skiing: / Ski:in/ Esquiar

Shot putting: Lanzamiento de peso

Ice hockey: Hockey sobre hielo
Running: Correr
Show jumping: Salto equestre
Ice Skating: Patinaje sobre hielo
Field: Campo, cancha
Pitch: Campo de ftbol
12

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Ring: Cuadriltero, ring

Rink: Pista de hielo
Table: Mesa
Pool: Piscina
Box: Caja
Circle: Circulo, corro
Bat: Bate
Racket: Raqueta
Net: Red
Puck: Disco
Gloves: Guantes
Stick: Palo
Goggles: Gafas protectoras
Wall: Pared
Shuttlecock: Volante, pluma
Target: Blanco, Diana
Wicket: Palo, aro
Boots: Botas
Club: / Klb/ Palo de golf
Tee: Tee
Basket: Canasta
Arrow: / aer/ Flecha
Gum shield: Protector bucal
Backboard: /bkbd/ Tablero
Skates: Patines
Cheat: /Ti:t/ Hacer trampas, tramposo
Goal: Gol
Show: Mostrar
Give: Dar
Partly: En parte
God: Dios
Hand: Mano
13

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

LAS PARTES DEL CUERPO SIEMPRE VAN SEGUIDAS DE UN ADJETIVO POSESIVO

MARADONA SCORED A GOAL WITH HIS HAND

Waiting: Esperando
Get: Conseguir, obtener
Medal: Medalla
Cheering: Animacin, alentador, ovacin
Crowd: Multitud
Suddendly: De pronto
Shout: Gritar
Banned: Prohibir, expulsar, inhabilitar
Hitting: Golpear
Against: Contra
Shocking: / Skin/ Estremecedor, impactante
Sword:/ S:d/ Espada
Scoreboard: Tablero
Disgrace: Deshonra

PAST PERFECT: HAD +PAST PARTICIPLE

Usamos el PAST PERFECT cuando hablamos acerca del pasado y quieras hablar de
una accin cercana en el pasado.
WHEN THEY TURNED ON THE TV, THE MATCH HAD FINISHED
I FELT NERVOUS BECAUSE I HADNT FLOWN BEFORE

14

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

USING NARRATIVE TENSES TOGETHER:

WHEN JOHN ARRIVED, THEY HAD DINNER (PRIMERO LLEG JOHN, DESPUS
CENARON) SECUENCIACIN
WHEN JOHN ARRIVED, THEY WERE HAVING DINNER (CUANDO LLEG JOHN,
ESTABAN CENANDO) ACCIN EN PROGRESO
WHEN JOHN ARRIVED, THEY HAD HAD DINNER (HABAN CENADO CUANDO JOHN
LLEG).

Nil: Cero (deportes)

Quit: Parar

GRAMMATICAL RULES:
1. Para formar el PASADO SIMPLE de los verbos regulares, aadimos la
terminacin ED al verbo.
WANT: WANTED, LEARN: LEARNED, STAY: STAYED, WALK:
WALKED, SHOW: SHOWED
2.

Para los verbos que terminan en E slo aadimos D.

CHANGE: CHANGED, BELIVE: BELIEVED

3. Si el verbo termina en una vocal corta y una consonante (EXCEPTO Y O

W) doblamos la consonante final.
STOP: STOPPED, COMMIT: COMMITED
4. Con verbos que terminan en una sola consonante y una y cambiamos la y
por una i.
STUDY: STUDIED
TRY: TRIED

PRONUNCIATION:
Pronunciamos la terminacin ED dependiendo de la letra que va al final del infinitivo. En
general la E es MUDA
1. Con los infinitivos que terminan en P, F, K o S (Consonantes
sordas excepto T pronunciamos la terminacin ED como una T

(LOOKED, KISSED, SHOPPED, PICKED, WISHED, CRUNCHED)

2. Con los infinitivos que terminan en B, G, L, M, N, V, Z
(Consonantes sonoras excepto D) o una vocal, pronunciamos la terminacin
ED como una D ( YELLED, CLEANED, LIVED, CHILLED,

ENJOYED, TRIED)
3. Con los infinitivos que terminan en D o T pronunciamos la E como una
i (NEEDED, HATED, DATED, STEATED, ENDED, WAITED)
15

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Brush: Limpiarse, cepillarse los dientes

Comb: Peinarse
Iron: Planchar, plancha
Pick up: Recoger
Receipt: Factura
Peak: Cima, cumbre
Facilities: Instalaciones

DO YOU LIKE SPORTS?

WHAT SPORT (S) DO YOU PLAY?
HAVE YOU EVER WON A CUP OR A THROPY?
HAVE YOU EVER BEEN INJURED DOING SPORT?
DO YOU PREFER DOING SPORT OR BEING A SPECTATOR?
DO YOU PREFER WATCHING INDIVIDUAL OR TEAM SPORT?
DO YOU WATCH A LOCAL SPORT TEAM?
ARE THERE GOOD SPORTS FACILITIES IN YOUR TOWN?
IS THERE ANY SPORT YOUD LIKE TO LEARN TO PLAY WELL?
HOW MANY HOURS DO YOU SPEND A WEEK WATCHING SPORT ON TV?
WHAT SPORTS DO / DID YOU HAVE TO DO AT SCHOOL?
DO /DID YOU ENJOY IT?
DO YOU DO ANY SPORT IN YOUR FREE TIME?
DO YOU THINK YOURE FIT? WOULD YOU LIKE TO GET FITTER?
DO YOUR FAMILY AND FRIENDS LIKE SPORT?
IS THERE ANY SPORT YOU DONT MIND WATCHING ON TV?
WHAT SPORT DO YOU HATE WATCHING MOST ON TV?
HAVE YOU EVER BEEN TO A BIG SPORTING OCCASION?
DO YOU THINK PHYSICAL EDUCATION SHOULD BE OPTIONAL AT SCHOOL?

Career: /Kri/ Carrera

16

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Crowd: /Krad/ Multitud

Jockey: /Dki/ Jokey
Race: / Reis/ Carrera
Ban: /Baen/ Prohibir
Protest: / Prtest/ Protestar
Retire: / Ritai/ Retirarse
Whistle: Pitido
Peak: /Pi:k/ Cima, cumbre
Loss: Prdida
Comeback: Regreso, retorno
Failure: / Feilir/ Fracaso
Fail: Fracasar
Successful: Exitoso
Fulfil: Realizarse
Saddest: Lamentable
Develvop: Desarrollar
Disease: Enfermedad
Shot: Disparar
Sadly: Tristemente, desafortunadamente
Depresssed: Deprimido
Depression: Depresin
Glamorous: Glamuroso
Glamour: Encanto, glamour
Lose: / Lu:z/ Perder
Recognize: Identificar, reconocer
Recognition: Reconocimiento, identificacin
Retirement: /Ritaiment/ Retiro, jubilacin
Couple: Pareja
Partner: /ptn/ Compaero
Fianc: Prometido, novio
Fiance: Prometida, novia
Colleague: Compaero de trabajo
17

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Close friend: Amigo ntimo

Classmate: Compaero o amigo del colegio o de la escuela
Meet: Conocerse por primera vez
Get to know: Conocer a alguien
Become friends: Hacerse amigo
Have common: Tener en comn
Go out together: Salir juntos
Be together: Estar juntos
Break up: Romper
Lose touch: Perder de vista
Get in touch: Contactar con
Get on: Llevarse bien con
Propose: Proponer
Get married: Casarse
Engaged: Comprometido
Straightaway: Enseguida
Great-grandparents: Bisabuelos
Great-great-grandparents: Tatarabuelos
Cousins: Primos
Couples: Parejas
Stepmother: Madrastra
Half-brothers: Hermanastros, medio hermanos
Single-parent families: Familias monoparentales
In-laws: Familia poltica
Relatives: Parientes
Extended family: Familia amplia
Siblings: Hermanos y hermanas
Parents: Padres
Spouse: Cnjuge
Child: Hijo/a
Uncle: To
Aunt: Ta
18

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

GOING TO: SUBJECT +BE + GOING TO + INFINITIVE ( PLANS AND

PREDICTIONS)
Usamos be going to + infinitive para hablar acerca de planes futuros y predicciones.
Im going to work in the UK for six month (plan)
I think its going to rain this afternoon (prediction)
Cuando usamos going to go to podemos omitir to go
I m going to go to university next year Im going to university next year.
GOING TO + INFINITIVE POSITIVE:
I m going to work in a restaurant
Shes going to meet me at the airport
GOING TO + INFINITIVE NEGATIVE:
We arent going to stay very long
He isnt going to like the weather there
GOING TO + INFINITIVE INTERROGATIVE:
Are you going to find a job?
When is your brother going to visit you?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS: (FOR FUTURE ARRAGEMENTS)

Utilizamos el present continuous para preparativos futuros, los cuales ya estaban
planeados o establecidos en el tiempo y lugar.
No se puede utilizar el present simple para hablar de futuro
El presente continuo (present continuous) es especialmente comn utilizarlo con las
expresiones: tonight, tomorrow, this weekend.
El present continuous se utiliza con estos verbos: go, come, see, leave y arrive.
AFIRMATIVE: I m seeing some friends tonight; Were having dinner at their
house tomorrow
NEGATIVE: She isnt leaving until Friday; They arent coming to the party
INTERROGATIVE: What are you doing this evening? ; Is she meeting us at the
cinema?

19

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

WILL /WONT + INFINITIVE (PREDICCIONES)

AFIRMATIVE:
I/ YOU/HE/SHE/ IT/ WE/ THEY + WILL BE+ WORD
ILL BE LATE
NEGATIVE:
I/ YOU/HE/SHE/ IT/ WE / THEY + WONT BE+ WORD
I WONT BE LATE
Usamos WILL/WONT + INFINITIVE para predicciones en el futuro. Pero tambin
podemos utilizar going to.
CONTRACCIONES: ILL = I WILL; WONT= WILL NOT
El futuro de there is/are es there will be
El future de I can es Ill be able to
INTERROGATIVE:
WILL I/YOU/HE/SHE/IT/WE/THEY BE LATE?
YES, I/YOU/HE/SHE/IT/WE/THEY WILL
NO, /YOU/HE/SHE/IT/WE/THEY WONT

WILL/ WONT + INFINITIVE:

PREDICTIONS:
We will live on the moon in the future
It will rain at Christmas
It will be very cold this winter
Will it rain this winter?
It wont rain (will not)
PROMISES:
(I promise) Ill do it
OFFERS:
Ill carry it for you
Ill do it for you
Ill help you
INSTANT DECISION (AT THE MOMENT OF SPEAKING): Tomar la decisin
en ese momento
Ill have roast beef
Ill clean the car

20

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

SHALL: Usamos SHALL ? OR SHALL WE? Cuando el ofrecimiento es una pregunta.

Shall I pay?
Shall we call you tonight at 7.00?

PRESENT SIMPLE: 
Lo usamos con cosas que ocurren siempre o normalmente
I live in the city centre
She doesnt smoke

PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
Lo usamos para cosas que estn ocurriendo ahora o en un futuro cercano
Hes looking for a new job
Im leaving tomorrow

PAST SIMPLE:
Lo usamos con acciones acabadas en el pasado
We saw a good film last night
We didnt do anything yesterday

PAST CONTINUOUS:
Lo usamos con acciones que estn en progreso en un tiempo pasado
He was working in Paris
What were you doing at 7.00?

GOING TO + INFITIVE:
Lo usamos para planes futuros y predicciones
Im going to see Tom tonight;
It s going to rain

WILL/WONT + INFINITIVE: Lo usamos para predicciones, decisiones

tomadas en ese momento, ofrecimientos y promesas
Youll love New York, Ill phone her later, Ill help you, Ill pay you back
tomorrow
21

LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Grandfather: Abuelo
Grandmother: Abuela
Nephew: Sobrino
Niece: Sobrina
Grandson: Nieto
Granddaughter: Nieta
Half-sister: Hermanastra, medio hermana
Step-father: Padrastro
Sister in law: Cuada
Brother in law: Cuado
Ex-husband: Exmarido
Ex-wife: Exmujer
Step-son: Hijastro
Step-daughter: Hijastra
About: Acerca, sobre
Board: Tabln
Frighten: Asustar
Hear: Or
Playground: Juegos, parque infantil
Rude: Grosero
Rules: Norma, decreto, ley
Said: Decir
See: Ver
Spend: Gastar, pasar el tiempo
Suburb: Barrrio residencial, perifrico, suburbio
Told: Contar
Towards: Hacia
Under: Debajo
Waste: Derrochar, despilfarrar, malgastar, perder
Bring up: Criar
Cool: Guay, tranquila, de moda
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LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Spiky: Con puntas, puntiagudo

Kids: Nios/as
Age gap: Diferencia de edad
Make it up: Inventar
Poor: Pobre, humilde
Pinch: Pellizcar, pellizco
Criticized: Criticar
Very close: Muy ntimo, cercano
Blame: Culpar, culpa
Jealous: / Dels/ Celoso
Ambitious: Ambicioso
Generous: Generoso
Sociable: / Sbl/ Sociable
Reliable: Responsable, fiable
Responsible: Responsable
Sensible: Sensato
Competitive: Competitivo
Talkative: Hablador
Aggressive: Agresivo
Sensitive: Sensible
Unfriendly: Antiptico
Insecure: Inseguro
Impatient: Impaciente
Selfish: Egoista
Quiet: Tranquilo
Introvert: Introvertido
Charming: Encantador
Spoilt: Consentido
Self-confident: Seguro
Independent: Independiente
Affectionate: /feknt/ Carioso, afectuoso
Bossy: Mandn, autoritario
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LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE

Manipulative: Manipulador
Moody: Malhumorado
Extrovert: Extrovertido
Hard-working: Trabajador
Mean: Tacao, mezquino
Stupid: Estpido, soso
Clever: Listo, inteligente
Lazy: Perezoso
Shy: Tmido
Honest: /nist/ Honesto
Imaginative: Imaginativo, creativo
Kind: Amable
Organized: Organizado, eficiente, ordenado
Patient: / Peint/ Paciente
Tidy: / Taidi/ Ordenado
Youre kidding: Me tomas el pelo
I dont believe it: No lo creo
Really?: De verdad?
Thats great news: Buenas noticias
How fantastic!: Genial
What a great idea: Estupenda idea
Oh, no!: Oh, no
What a pity: Qu pena/lstima
Never mind: No importa

HOW + ADJETIVE, WHAT + NOUN:

Solemos usar a menudo How + adjetive or What + noun para responder a lo
que la gente dice.
HOW INTERESTING!, HOW AWFUL!, HOW AMAZING!
WHAT A PITY!, WHAT A GREAT IDEA!, WHAT TERRIBLE NEWS!

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LESSON 1
ENGLISH INTERMEDIATE
Amazing: Sorprendente
Mom: Mam (ingls Americano)
Mum: Mam (Ingls Britnico)
Apartment: Piso, apartamento (Ingls Americano)
Flat: Piso (Ingls Britnico)

YOU KNOW, I MEAN: Son frases que te dan tiempo para pensar
en lo que dirs despus.

Finds Out: Encontrar, obtener informacin

Nutritionist: Nutricionista, dietista
Jam: Mermelada
Hardly: Apenas
Rejects: Rechazar, marginar, cosa defectuosa
Slice: Rebana, rodaja, tajada
Refuse: Negarse, rechazar
Solid: Solido
Cake: Tarta
Skimmed: Desnatada
Spread: Extender
Crave: Anhelar, ansar
Choking: Ahogarse, atragantarse
In advance: De antemano
Check: Asegurarse
Bring: Traer
Protein: Proteinas

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