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Chapter 7 Electricity
Chapter 7 Electricity
7.1 Electrostatics
A. Structure of Atom
1. All matters are made of small particles called a...
2. Atom contains p, n and e
Protons and neutrons form the nucleus of an atom and electrons are
Electroscope
3. Objects can lose or gain electrons by rubbing with d
types of objects.
4. Matter carries out two types of charges: p... charge and
n... charge.
1
Form 3 Science
Chapter 7 Electricity
Attraction
Repulsion
Repulsion
Attraction and repulsion between charges
7. The figure below explains how a charged rod attracts small pieces
of tissue using repulsion and attraction principle.
Charged rod
Form 3 Science
Chapter 7 Electricity
2. Uses of electrostatics
a) Photocopiers and laser printers
c) Paint spraying
3. Safety measurement to overcome electrostatics hazards.
a) Lightning conductor
Lightning can cause damage to t. building.
Lightning conductors are installed on the buildings to
r.. the chances of a lightning strike.
A lightning conductor consists of a copper strip or rod.
One end of the rod consists of several metal spikes
sticking up into the air. The other end is connected to a
metal plate buried in the g..
Form 3 Science
Chapter 7 Electricity
Lightning conductor
of a petrol tanker
7.2 Electricity
A. Source of Electrical Energy
1. Electricity is a form of energy produced by e..
c..
2. Source of electrical energy comes from
Huge g. in power station
E. cells
B
Small g.
S cells
B. Current, Voltage and Resistance
1. Current is the rate at which charge is f. through a
conductor. Electric charge that is stored in the Van der Graaff
generator is a source of electrical energy. It has a very high
electrical potential.
2. Van der Graaff generator is a device that produces a high voltage by
collecting static electrical charges.
Form 3 Science
Chapter 7 Electricity
3. Voltage is the d. in charge
between two points.
4. Resistance is a materials tendency to
r the flow if charge (current).
Different materials have different resistance.
C. is a good conductor as it has a
very low resistance.
C. Direction of Electron Flow
Form 3 Science
Chapter 7 Electricity
V IR(V =IR)R=
V
I
Graph of current
Circuit
symbol
Function
Battery
Switch
Ammeter
Voltmeter
Galvanometer
Fixed resistor
Form 3 Science
Variable
resistor
(rheostat)
Power supply
Fuse
Two-way switch
Thermistor
Transformer
Earth
connection
Chapter 7 Electricity
Used to control the current flowing in a circuit.
Bulb
Capacitor
An
electric
circuit
A circuit diagram
B. Complete, Series and Parallel Circuits
1. A series circuit is connected to next to each other in a circuit to form
a s path. There are no branches in the circuit.
2. A parallel circuit is a complete circuit that has t.. or more
paths for the current flow.
7
Form 3 Science
Chapter 7 Electricity
A parallel circuit
All
electrical
components
are
connected end to end following
.. electrical path to the ends
of the battery.
If one bulb is removed, the circuit is
b. The other bulb does
.. light up.
Each of two bulbs glows .
but are equally