UNIT ONE:

Overview of Abnormal Psychology

Vocabulary

Definition & Explanation

Abnormality

Prevalence vs. incidence

Acute vs. chronic
Internal validity
External validity
Criterion group
Effect size
Retrospective research
Prospective research
Longitudinal design
ABAB design
Analogue studies
Tarantism
Lycanthropy
Moral management
Mental hygiene movement
Psychoanalytic perspective
Psychoanalysis
Mesmerism
Nancy School
Catharis
Free association
Dream analysis
Operant conditioning
Necessary cause
Sufficient cause
Contributory cause
Diathesis
Diathesis-stress model
Genotype-environment correlation
Genotype-environment interaction

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Association studies

Temperament

Structure of personality

Psychodynamic
Psychosexual development
Behavioural
Cognitive-behavioral
Authoritative parenting
Authoritarian parenting

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Permissive/Indulgent parenting

- undergoing suffering, maladaptiveness, statistical deviancy, violation of societal norms, social discomfort,
irrational, dangerousness
- prevalence is the occurance in a population during a time and incidence is new cases within a time (1 year)
- acute is short term, chronic is long term
- extent to how sound, free of confounds the study is (checking weight)
- extent to how good we can generalize our findings (getting data from a large group)
- the people with the disorder, control group is the normal group
- reflects association between variables
- looking back in time into archives
- looking into the future
- study that follows people for a long period of time
- A= baseline, B=treatment, A=take away back to baseline, B=reinstate treatment
- study that is not of the true interests but close to it, for human studies sometimes we use monkeys or mice
- uncontrollable dance that happens when a spider bites you
- belief to be possessed by wolves
- method treatment focuses on patients social, individual and occupational needs
- method of treatment of physical well-being of hospitalized patients
- Freudian; inner dynamics of the unconscious motives
- studying patients underlying consciousness and motives
- planets affected the universes magnetic fluid in body which determined health and disease
- hysteria can be removed by hypnosis, those physicians went to the Nancy School
- the feeling of relaxation and liberation, emotional release after hypnosis
- patients talk freely about what they want emphasizing on feelings, motives, desires
- patients recording their dreams and there are techniques that analyze dreams
- conditioning people to do something to achieve outcomes based on operation of instruments
- condition that must exist for the disorder to occur
- condition that guarantees the occurrence of the disorder
- increases the probability of the disorder
- the tendency to develop a disorder deriving from biological, psychological and sociocultural factors
- the tendency to develop a disorder with the stress (stressor) of life experiences
- genotype influences the environmental experiences a child has
- different genotypes may be differentially sensitive to their environment (allergies, some people can eat peanuts,
some cant)
- start with large groups of people with and without the disorder and then start finding markers that differentiate
them and then associate
- reactivity and characteristics of self-regulation
- how they respond to emotions, arousal and whether they respond with withdrawl, approaching, etc.
- id: first to appear in infancy, it is the instincts, life or death instincts, selfish and pleasurable behavior,
immediate gratification
- ego: meet the ids demands, ensure well-being, dealing with external world
- superego: developing a conscience, inner control system, moral constraints,
- role of unconsciousness and motives in their dynamic interrelationships with behaviors
- oral (0-2), anal (2-3), phallic(3-5/6), latency (6-12), genital (puberty<)
- study of direct observational behaviours, reinforcing conditions that control it
- how thoughts and information can be distorted and lead to maladaptive emotions and behaviours
- both parents are warm and careful to set clear standards and limits positive childhood development****
- high on control, low on warm, cold, demanding, punishment children are conflicted, irritation, moody
- high on warm, low on discipline impulsive and aggressive behaviours (bratty)

Neglectful/Involved parenting
DSM

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- low on warm, low on control moody, attachment issues, self-esteem, conductive

- diagnostic of statistical manual of mental disorders