Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
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FOREWORD
TCXDVN 264: 2002 is compiled on the basis of the Ordinance on
PWD:
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VIETNAM CONSTRUCTION STANDARD
TCXDCN 264:2002
Houses and Building - Basic rules of accessible design and construction for PWD.
1. Scope of Application
1.1. This standard is applied in the new construction of works for ensuring the accessibility
and use by mobility and sight PWD.
In cases of need for reconstruction, upgrade of works with requirements for ensuring
accessibility and use by PWD, the regulations of this standard must be enforced.
1.2. When applying regulations in this standard, the regulations of building codes ensuring
accessibility and use by PWD must be respected.
1.3. It is mandatory to ensure safety on walking paths and facilities for PWD accessibility to
and use of works according to Article 2.1 of Building codes.
2. Standard cited
- Vietnam Building Codes
- Building code of construction accessibility for people with disabilities
- TCXD 228:1998 - Walking paths for PWD in buildings. Part 1. Walking paths for
wheelchair users. Requirements on design.
3. Terminology - Definition
Terms used in this standard are stipulated in the Building code for construction in view
of ensuring PWD’s accessibility and use QCXDVN 01:2002
4. General regulations
4.1. Requirements on design of houses and buildings for ensuring PWD’s accessibility and
use must be in accordance with regulations in table 1.
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TCXDVN 264: 2002
Table 1: Design components of houses and buildings
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Collective houses - Walking ways, car parking - Arrangement of structure and
grounds function of building’s parts for
- Entry, exit gates ensuring PWD’s accessibility
- Spaces in house interior and use
- Arrangement of equipment,
furnitures
Transport building works: roads, Scope of use by passengers - Arrangement of structure and
sidewalks, stations for vehicles, function of building’s parts for
railway stations, airports, ensuring PWD’s accessibility
passengers’ transport harbors, and use
car-waiting spots - Lines of ways/paths for PWD’s
accessibility and circulation
Note:
1) Structure and function of building’s parts comprise slopes, entry/exit gates/doors, corridors, walkways,
staircases, lifts (elevators), toilets, bathrooms, special public spaces such as seat places, reception
desks, telephone booths.
The concrete arrangement must be based on requirements to define it properly.
2) Regarding reconstructed works, it must be based on actual state of works for selecting appropriate
solutions.
3) Regarding works specially reserved to PWD, it is possible to refer to this standard for adequate
design.
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4.6. On entrance way, entry path to buildings and in public spaces in buildings, for ensuring
PWD’s accessibility and use, signposts, guiding posts according to international
convention must be arranged and put in easily visible recognizable places
5. Design requirements
5.1. Sloping ways
5.1.1. Entrance ways to buildings for ensuring PWD’s accessibility and use must be flat,
plane, unrugged, unslippery and without brusque change of level. Where there is
brusque change of level, it is necessary to design sloping way.
5.1.2. Sloping ways of entrance reserved to PWD using wheelchairs are calculated for
design as follows:
- Slope: - Not over 1/12 for public buildings
- From 1/10 to 1/20 for collective houses.
- Width of sloping way no less than 1,000mm to 1,200mm;
- Where length of sloping way being over 9,000mm, it is necessary to arrange
landing place. Length of landing place being not less than 2,000mm; landings are
arranged with equal distances not exceeding 9,000mm (see fig. 1 and fig. 2)
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- At the two sides of sloping way, handrails must be arranged. Details for design of
handrails are shown in article 5.6.
Note:
1) When sloping way changes direction, it is necessary to arrange L-form landing with each
length of 2,000mm ....
2) Regarding reconstructed, upgraded buildings, allowed slope in sloping way in 1/10, and
allowed length is 6,000mm
5.1.3. At the top and end of sloping way, it must be a free space with not than 1,500mm
long for wheelchair moving.
5.1.4. Balustrade, handrail must be arranged at both sides of sloping way. Where a side of
sloping way has an empty space, then in the lower part of balustrade, handrail, it is
advised to arrange safety relief with height not less than 50mm or barring fence, see
fig.3.
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Fig.4: Entrance way with steps
1. Smallest dimensions of space before entrance way: 1500mm x 1,500mm; 2. Door
of entrance way laid in the gorge of wall; 3. Handrail prolonged at the extremity
slope; 4. Handrail prolonged at the end of slope; 5. Entrance way with steps; 6.
Sidewalk; 7. Handrail arranged at a height of 900mm; 8. Sloping way with slope of
1/12, 1200mm wide
5.2.2. Entrance way to hall, corridor with different heights must be arranged with sloping
path. Slope must not exceed 1/12. Width of sloping path being not less than 900mm
(see fig 5,6 and 7)
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5.3.2. At car waiting spots, it is necessary to design sloping streaks or sloping paths
ensuring PWD accessibility to transport means. Details for design of sloping streaks,
sloping parks are stipulated in article 5.1.2.
5.4. Doors
5.4.1. Doors in buildings to ensure PWD use must be arranged at convenient and safe
passage ways. Where the building is equipped with lift, doors must be arranged near
the lift cabin.
Note: Doors comprise gate, entrance way without door, entry/exit door to and from
hall.
5.4.3. Inside and outside the door, it must be a clearance space with dimensions 1,500mm
x 1,500mm.
5.4.4. If the door comprises two layers, the clearance interval between layers must be no
less than 1,200mm.
5.4.5. It is advised to use doors opening to both sides and automatically opened, closed
doors, pushed doors and rotary doors instead of doors opened by hand. Not to use
too heavy door or many-winged revolved doors. Width of door being not less than
800mm for houses, 900mm for public buildings; not to arrange doors close to wall
corners.
Note: Force deployed for opening, closing all types of
doors shall not exceed 30N (3Kg.m/s2) and could open
doors up to an angle of 900.
5.4.6. Door knobs must be easily/smoothly operated and close to
key holes. Door knobs must rotate clockwise and
arranged at 800mm to 1,100mm from the floor surface.
5.4.7. Where door opening opposite to the direction of walk path,
it is necessary to arrange a clearance space with a width
over 500mm on the side of door knob/see fig.9)
Fig 9: Direction for access to door
5.4.8. Not to put door sill or salience on the inner side for door with clearance space less
than 800mm
Note:1) It is only permitted to put door-sill on the inner side for doors with clearance
space over 800mm, but not with height over 10mm;
2) Modes for opening the door (see fig 10)
5.4.9. Regarding pulled door, slide door, accordion door, the clearance spaces for each
type are calculated according to tables 2, 3.
Note: Regarding building works with doors width exceeding or equal to 1,100mm
such as doors of rooms in hospitals, these requirements on dimensions are not
prescribed.
a) Pulled doors: clearance space for wheelchairs as in fig 11.
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In case of closed door or locked door, there dimensions are extended with additional
300mm.
Toward hinge walk way, pull side Toward hinge walk way, push side
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From hinge side Pull 1 500 900
1 300 1 000
From hinge side Push 1 000 1 300
From lock side Pull 1 200 600
From lock side Push 1 000 600
b) Slide door and accordion door: Clearance space for wheelchair moving is shown
in table 3 and fig 12
Table 3: Clearance space for wheelchair regarding slide door and accordion
door
Direction of walk way Clearance space, not less than (mm)
Perpendicular to door Parallel to door
From front side 1200
From hinge side 1000 1300
From lock side 1000 600
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Fig 14: Width of corridor changing direction
5.5.5. Clearance dimensions for wheelchair moving in corridor, passage way, are regulated
as follows:
a) Direct, right angle entrance way (see fig 15): clearance dimensions being
1,200mm x 900mm.
b) Parallel entrance way (see fig 16): clearance dimensions being 1,500 mm x 800
mm.
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5.5.7. Objects being fastened/stuck on axles such as ad posters, public pay phones, letter
boxes.... are allowed to be protruded 300mm on each side and installed at 600mm
and over 2,000mm from the floor surface (see fig 18).
5.5.8. Passage way with gradually lowered clearance height and less than 2,000mm width
must be protected by shield bar. Height for installing shield bar in at least 700mm
from floor surface (see fig 19)
5.5.9. Clearance space under the knees and place for feet putting of wheelchair user are
regulated as follows (see fig. 20):
- Distance from floor surface to above the knees: 650mm;
- Distance from floor surface to under the knees: 500mm;
- Place for feet putting: 200mm
5.5.10. Reach of arm by wheelchair user (from the floor surface or the ground) is as follows:
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a) Where there is not frontal barrier: max 1200mm and min 400mm (see fig 21)
b) Where there is frontal barrier protruding to 500mm, then the maximum reach of
arm is 1,200mm; if the frontal barrier protrudes to more than 500mm and less
than 650mm, the reach of arm shall be 1100mm (see fig 22)
Distance from floor Distance from floor Place for feet putting
surface to above the surface to under the
knees
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5.6.3. Handrail shall not rotate in its fastening connections and be made by materials
ensuring a force resistance of 1,100N (110 Kg.m/s+2+0 at any points.
5.7.3. Stair-toes are designed to not exceed 25mm. If stair toes protrude from stair
body, they must be curvilinear or rounded (see fig. 28)
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5.7.4. Height of one stair flight shall not exceed 1,800mm and landing must be
arranged. Width of landing is not less than 1,200mm. Distance between handrails’
upper face with the first stair surface and the end stair must not exceed 1,000mm
by vertical direction (see fig 29)
5.7.5.
Regarding reconstructed buildings where lift could not be installed, a system of lift
platform by specialized devices fastened on balustrade or pulley could be adopted
(see fig 30,31 and 32). Handrails at 900mm height should be arranged on both
sides of staircase.
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Fig 31: Lifting equipment
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In cases of high rise
buildings, it is necessary to
install system for lifting or
lowering by specialized
devices fastened on
balustrade or pulley
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5.8. Lift/elevator
5.8.1. Safety requirement when installing and using lift or electric lift must abide by
regulations in standards TCVN 5744: 1993 Lift - Safety requirement and use, and
TCVN 6395:1998 Electric lift - Safety requirement on construction and installation
5.8.2. Lift door is opened laterally and clearance dimension when opening is not less than
900mm. Depending on door position, clearance dimensions in the interior of lift cabin
are adopted as per regulations in table 4 and fig 32.
Control Control
buttons buttons
Middle opening door Side opening door
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1,500mm x 1,500mm
5.8.4. Lift door is equipped with automatic close/open devices. Time interval for
closing/opening must be over 20 seconds.
5.8.5. Switchboard in lift cabin is installed at level not over 1,200mm and not under 900mm
from the floor surface of lift to the center of the highest button. On control buttons,
there must be symbols or touch sensitive signals and Braille raised dots for blind
persons. Symbols and Braille raised dots are shown in fig 34.
Note: Lift control system includes emergency button, alarm whistle, fire alarm
constituting a group arranged under the switchboard.
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5.9. Floor and ground
5.9.1. Floor or ground surface in the clearance space for wheelchair moving must be flat,
plane, unslippery.
Where there is brusque change of level, it is necessary to arrange proper sloping
way. If there is carpet spreading on floor surface, it must be firmly fastened. The
outer rim of carpet must be stuck in the floor.
5.9.2. Floor surface for Wheelchair to move must be flat, plane, without inclined slope.
Where surrounding floor being not on the same level, then a 300mm high
balustrade or shield bar must be arranged.
5.9.3. Floor surface must be solid, constructed by rigid, unslippery materials.
5.9.4. A change in vertical level of 6mm at most is permissible, as well as a slant versus
slope not more than 1:2.
Note: Changes of height over 15mm must create slope as regulated in clause 5.1.2.
5.9.5. Shoes and sandals’ wiping mat at the door must not be thicker than 20mm.
Walking directions
5.9.8. Before the beginning and ending points of the threshold steps and in front of
entry/exit door for using lift, it is advised to make use of sensitive paving slabs for
warning blind persons to be aware of it.
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Note: Clearance space in toilet room comprises also places for hand support,
sanitary paper box, walking way, empty floor or other furniture areas and
wheelchair moving area.
5.10.2. Doors in toilet areas are preferably those opened to outside or sliding doors. It is
only permissible to use door opened to inside where toilet room’s space is
sufficiently large. Width of door is not less than 800mm.
5.10.3. Toilet room for PWD must be installed with water closet according to “English chair
manner”. It is possible to arrange drawn curtain or boarded partition for separating it
from other parts.
5.10.4. Elevation for installing water closet is 400mm to 450mm from floor surface. Distance
from the fore-front of closet to hind wall of toilet room must not be less than
760mm. Distance from the axis of closet to the farthest wall side face must not be
less than 960mm (sec fig. 37).
5.10.5. Sanitary paper box is placed at 180mm to 230mm from the fore-front of closet and
at not less than 400 mm, not over 1,200mm from the floor surface.
Sanitary paper box is placed at no less than 40mm from under the handrail and at
no less than 300mm from above the handrail (see fig. 38)
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Fig. 38: Place for arranging sanitary paper box.
5.10.6. On the wall around the closet, there must be arranged safety handrail capable to
withstand the body weight. Details of handrails are in accordance with regulation
in article 5.6. of this standard. Dimensions of handrails are as follows (see fig 39):
First horizontal handrail at the side wall has a length not less than 1,000mm and
at 300mm distance from hind-wall;
- Second horizontal handrail at the hind-wall has a length not less than 600mm,
right above and in front of the closet. Where space is available, this handrail
could be prolonged on a distance of more than 300mm from the closet;
- First vertical handrail is arranged at 300mm from the fore-rim of closet;
- Second vertical handrail is arranged at 450mm from axis of closet to wall
farther from closet.
Horizontal handrails are installed at elevation of 900mm, whilst vertical handrails are
installed at elevation from 850mm to 1,300mm, from the floor surface. It is also permitted to
arrange vertical handrails from floor to ceiling.
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Note: Regarding toilet rooms with length: 1,400mm to 1,500mm and width:
900mm, no need for installing vertical handrail, if horizontal handrail could be
deviated by an angle of 300 to 450 with a length of 700mm (see fig 40)
Handrail
Water tank
Fig 40: Dimensions for arranging deviated hand rail in toilet room
5.10.7. Where toilet area has urinal, there must be handrail for PWD. Dimensions of
handrail are shown in fig 41. Elevation for installing urinal in seating position or
fastened to wall shall not be more than 400mm from the floor surface.
Fig 41: Dimensions for installing suspended urinal and handrails for PWD
5.10.8. Lavatory is installed at an elevation not over 800mm from the upper rim of lavatory
to floor surface. Lavatory could be arranged in or out of toilet room (see fig 42)
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Note: When installing lavatory, attention must be paid on clearance space under the
knees and the feet-putting place of wheelchair user as stipulated in clause 5.5.9.
Water supply and sewerage pipes under the lavatory must be enveloped for
preventing any harm/injury to PWD. Under the lavatory there must not be sharp,
pointed prominence.
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Note:
1) When installing a chair in the bathing room with shower, the hand rail at lateral
wall should not top this chair and not be arranged behind this chair;
2) Handrail and wall surface or hand rail proximity should not present any sharp,
pointed details.
3) Handrail should not rotate around connections and should be made from materials
withstanding a force of 1.100N (110 Kgm/s2)
Fig43: Bathing room wilt movable shower Fig44: Bathing room combined wilt lavatory
Fig 46: Place for installing hand rails in bathing room with shower
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5.11.6. In bathing room with bathtub, it is necessary to install handrails for ensuring
accessibility and use by PWD. Dimensions for installation are as follows:
a) Bathtub with fixed chair: handrails are installed on wall, along the tub. The
upper handrail is fastened at 850mm ÷900mm from the floor. The lower one is
fastened at 250mm from the upper rim of bathtub. These handrails are distant
by not over 350mm from the wall surface on the head side, and not over
300mm from the wall surface on the feet side. Another 600mm long is arranged
on the wall surface, feet side (see fig 47)
b) Bathtub without fixed chair: handrails are fastened on wall as regulated in a).
Besides, on the wall at the head side, is installed a 300mm long handrail (see
fig 48).
Fig 47: Dimensions for installation of handrails in bathing room with bathtub
and fixed chair
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Fig 49: Dimensions for installation of rectangular chair
5.11.10. Chair are made from materials for with- Fig 50: Dimensions for
standing a horizontal or vertical force of installation of L- shaped chair
1,100N (110Kg.m/s2)
5.11.11. In bathing room it is necessary to arrange movable shower and a device for
mixing hot/cool water. Taps/faucets and control devices must ensure the use by
PWD. Control devices are installed above handrails, but not distant from floor by
more than 1,200 mm, and at 350mm from the central line of chair on the right or
left side indifferently.
5.11.12. Where there is a door threshold in bathing room, its permissible elevation being
10mm to 12mm .
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Fig 51: Dimensions of toilet area for Wheelchair user
5.12.1.2. In waiting area, it is mandatory to arrange seats for PWD. Commonly used chairs
are elbow chairs or folding chairs ( adequate to narrow places). Elevation for
arranging elbow chairs is 450mm ÷500mm from floor surface to seating plane,
and 500mm ÷600mm for folding chairs.
5.12.1.3. Area for arranging seat in waiting spot must be inside the scope of observation
and have signal system by acoustic devices and signposts.
5.12.1.4. In theaters, cinemas, sport contest establishments, conference/meeting rooms,
lecture halls, it is necessary to arrange seats and displacement space for
wheelchair users. Seating places for Wheelchair users are usually arranged near
the lowest passage way or close to entry/exit path in upper floor and must ensure
visual range of Wheelchair user (see fig 52)
Clearance space dimensions of seat for wheelchair users has a width of 800mm
÷900mm and a length of 1,100mm ÷1,400mm (see fig 53)
Note: The number of seats for wheelchair users in conference hall, meeting room,
stadium is regulated in construction code of facilitation ensuring the use by PWD.
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Places with adequate visual scope for Pace for wheelchairs
chair arranging
Fig 52: Visual scope of wheelchair users in spectators room, conference hall
5.12.5. Beside the area reserved to wheelchair there must be at least a double chair for
PWD could move to or for the companion could make use of.
5.12.2. Reception place
5.12.2.1. For public buildings/facilities with reception, contact area, it is necessary to make
available space, signpost, indication post, waiting spot and other facilities to assist
PWD.
5.12.2.2. In from of places for receiving visitors being PWD, there must be a space before
the counter/desk not less than 1,200mm. Elevation of reception surface is 700mm
÷800mm, length not less than 600mm, depth under the counter not less than
400mm.
5.12.2.3. In the reception area, it must be at least a public phone arranged at an elevation
shown in fig 54.
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Parallel entries
Perpendicular entries
5.12.3.5. Regarding office/bureau, working place for PWD must be arranged near entry/exit
way or at the ground floor. Dimensions of working desks must ensure clearance
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space for wheelchair moving, and space under the knees and toes as stipulated in
article 55. Elevation of desk surface from floor is 700mm ÷800mm.
5.12.3.6. Elevation for installing windows and electrical appliances, furniture in living room
and dwelling room must take into account safety requirements and dimensions of
arm reach by PWD in the building.
5.12.7. Regarding the system of built-in cupboard, support, clothes hanger, working desk in
rooms of hotel, dwelling house, boarding house, it is necessary to have sufficient
space for knees, feet, shoes’ caps not to run counter the working planes- Trays,
shelves must be arranged in several levels at different elevations for PWD using.
Appropriate elevation is from 1,000mm to 1,200mm.
Chest shelves, desk drawers are likely to be in the form of pulling or sliding.
5.12.3.8. Where in the building, there is kitchen arranged, all kinds of kitchen supports must
have adjustable elevation. The intervals between all these supports, and
apparatuses or between opposite walls... are not less than 1,000mm.
5.12.3.9. Whenever on the three walls’ sides, there are supports, boards and apparatuses,
the intervals between them and between opposite walls are not less than
1,500mm. The depth of built-in cupboards should not be more than 300mm.
Attention must be paid on space around the knees of wheelchair users accessing
to equipment as stipulated in clause 5.5.9.
5.12.10. Elevation for installing wash basins in kitchen area is stipulated in article 1.10.8
5.12.11. Stores of kitchen or in dwelling house area must have dimensions no less than
1,500mm x 1,500mm for wheelchair users to move.
5.12.12. Control devices in kitchen area must be easily accessible. It is absolutely
prohibited to use apparatuses manipulated by nuts, by rotation.
5.12.13. Water flushing equipment or washing faucets must be types with tiny rod or
automatic for ensuring the use by PWD. Plate-and -dish washing machine with
swing door not influencing other activities must have clearance space near-by.
5.12.14. Public service areas must create safety and comfort conditions for PWD. Using
or controlling apparatuses only need the impact of a small force about 30N
(3kg.m/s2) for button pressing, turning or rotating. Apparatuses must be easily
handled, firm, and installed at adequate elevation.
5.12.15. On apparatuses must be symbols or Braille raised dots for blind people to
identify by senses or by touch.
5.12.16. In areas with assistance means or public services, there must be guidance
posters with concise, simple interpretation and using easily comprehensible
images.
5.12.17. Heating, ventilating system must ensure safety for users and be installed at
places not impeding PWD and hurting blind persons. Hot water supply system
must ensure heat safety (to avoid burn by contact with high temperature
equipment). Equipment/ apparatus details of sharp, pointed edges are prohibited.
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5.13. Emergency ways
5.13.1. On emergency ways there must be place reserved to PWD in the same level, and in
the end of emergency way, it is necessary to install pedestrian staircase.
5.13.2. Width of emergency way must be 900mm ÷1,200mm. At crowed places, it must be
1,800mm. On emergency way, there must not be change of elevation. If automatic
doors are used or magnetic tickets are adopted, these doors must be automatically
opened when there is fire.
5.13.3. It is a must to ensure luminosity from 0,1 to 0,2 lux on emergency ways. At entry/exit
doors and at upstairs/downstairs, it is also necessary to ensure lighting.
6. International conventional symbols on PWD
6.1. In buildings/facilities, for ensuring PWD accessibility and use, it is necessary to
orientate the attention of users to assistance means for PWD. International
conventional symbol for PWD (hereinafter abbreviated as conventional image) is
employed and expressed for indicating the place of various assistance means to
PWD in the building. The conventional image is shown in fig 56.
Note: At places where is change of direction or in spots with assistance means to
PWD, it is necessary to represent conventional image.
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6.4. Conventional symbols are placed at spots as follows:
- Entrance way to buildings/facilities, entry path;
- Car parking ground, car waiting spot;
- At main corridors or at main transport nodes in the building;
- Sanitary areas;
- At other locations accessible to PWD
Note: At spots where there is a change in direction or at places with assistance
means to PWD, it is necessary to arrange conventional symbols.
6.5. Building/indication posts are for showing directions and providing information as
follows:
- To indicate entrance/exit ways of buildings and emergency escaping way;
- To indicate internal and external passage ways of the building;
- To indicate specialized space location
- To indicate location with entrance way on wall (see fig 57)
6.6. The height of alphabets/letters on signposts depends on observation distances and
complies with stipulations in table 9.
Table 9: Height of alphabets on signposts
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Fig 57: Examples on guidance posts for PWD
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Appendix A
Basic parameters of wheelchair user
crutches, stick
A1. Basic parameters of wheelchair
Table A1 Basic calculated parameters of wheelchair
Unit: mm
Widt Width in Elevatio Elevatio Length
Overal h the n from Wheel n from of Width Weight
l width when interior seat diamete floor to wheel of (Kg)
folde plane to r handrail chair seat
d handrail
540 290 370 170 510 920 980 350 14
560 300 390 220 510 920 1100 430 14
590 300 420 220 510 920 1100 430 14
610 300 440 220 510 920 1100 430 14
650 300 450 220 510 920 1100 430 14
710 320 480 240 510 920 1100 450 16
Fig A3: Effective space for stick guiding sight impairment people
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