Booster pump

is a machine which will increase the pressure of a fluid, generally a liquid. It

is similar to a gas compressor, but generally a simpler mechanism which
often has only a single stage of compression, and is used to increase
pressure of an already pressurised gas. Two-stage boosters are also made. [1]
Boosters may be used for increasing gas pressure, transferring high pressure
gas, charging gas cylinders and scavenging.
Booster pumps are usually piston or plunger type compressors. A singleacting, single-stage booster is the simplest configuration, and comprises a
cylinder, designed to withstand the operating pressures, with a piston which
is driven back and forth inside the cylinder. The cylinder head is fitted with
supply and discharge ports, to which the supply and discharge hoses or
pipes are connected, with a non-return valve on each, constraining flow in
one direction from supply to discharge. When the booster is inactive, and the
piston is stationary, gas will flow from the inlet hose, through the inlet valve
into the space between the cylinder head and the piston. If the pressure in
the outlet hose is lower, it will then flow out and to whatever the outlet hose
is connected to. This flow will stop when the pressure is equalised, taking
valve opening pressures into account.[1]

Injection Pump
An Injection Pump is the device that pumps fuel into the cylinders of
a diesel engine. Traditionally, the injection pump is driven indirectly from the
crankshaft by gears, chains or a toothed belt (often the timing belt) that also
drives the camshaft. It rotates at half crankshaft speed in a conventional
four-stroke engine. Its timing is such that the fuel is injected only very
slightly before top dead centre of that cylinder's compression stroke. It is
also common for the pump belt on gasoline engines to be driven directly
from the camshaft. In some systems injection pressures can be as high as
200 MPa (30,000 PSI).

Gate Valve
Gate valves are primarily designed to start or stop flow, and when a straightline flow of fluid and minimum flow restriction is needed. In service, these
valves generally are either fully open or fully closed.
The disk of a Gate valve is completely removed when the valve is fully open;
the disk is fully drawn up into the valve Bonnet. This leaves an opening for
flow through the valve at the same inside diameter as the pipesystem in
which the valve is installed. A Gate valve can be used for a wide range of
liquids and provides a tight seal when closed.

Butterfly valve
Which be used for isolating or regulating flow. The closing mechanism
takes the form of a disk. Operation is similar to that of a ball valve, which
allows for quick shut off. Butterfly valves are generally favored because they
are lower in cost to other valve designs as well as being lighter in weight,
meaning less support is required. The disc is positioned in the center of the
pipe, passing through the disc is a rod connected to an actuator on the
outside of the valve. Rotating the actuator turns the disc either parallel or
perpendicular to the flow. Unlike a ball valve, the disc is always present
within the flow, therefore a pressure drop is always induced in the flow,
regardless of valve position.

Globe Valve
The globe valve is used for throttling flow control. Shut off is accomplished
by moving the disc against the flow stream rather than across it as in the
case with a gate valve. The flow pattern through a globe valve involves
changes in direction, resulting in greater resistance to flow, causing high
pressure drop. The globe valve is an excellent valve to use for on-off
service, but is highly suited for frequent cycling and control of fluids
anywhere in amount or volume between the open and closed positions.

Safety Valve
Type of
that
automatically
when the
of inlet side
valve
to a

valve
actuates
pressure
of the
increases

predetermined pressure, to open the valve disc and discharge the fluid
( steam or gas ) ; and when the pressure decreases to the prescribed value,
to close the valve disc again. Safety valve is so-called a final safety device
which controls the pressure and discharges certain amount of fluid by itself
without any electric power support.
Safety Valve is mainly installed in a chemical plant, electric power boiler, gas
storage tank, preventing the pressure vessels from exploding or damaging.

Relief Valve
a type of valve used to control or limit the pressure in a system or
vessel which can build up by a process upset, instrument or equipment
failure, or fire.
The pressure is relieved by allowing the pressurized fluid to flow from an
auxiliary passage out of the system. The relief valve is designed or set to
open at a predetermined set pressure to protect pressure vessels and other
equipment from being subjected to pressures that exceed their design limits.
When the set pressure is exceeded, the relief valve becomes the "path of
least resistance" as the valve is forced open and a portion of the fluid is
diverted through the auxiliary route. The diverted fluid (liquid, gas or liquid
gas mixture) is usually routed through a

Check valve
Check valve, clack valve, non-return valve or one-way valve is a
valve that normally allows fluid (liquid or gas) to flow through it in only one
direction.
Check valves are two-port valves, meaning they have two openings in
the body, one for fluid to enter and the other for fluid to leave. There are
various types of check valves used in a wide variety of applications. Check
valves are often part of common household items. Although they are
available in a wide range of sizes and costs, check valves generally are very
small, simple, or inexpensive. Check valves work automatically and most are
not controlled by a person or any external control; accordingly, most do not
have any valve handle or stem. The bodies (external shells) of most check
valves are made of plastic or metal.