Whats the difference between 304 and 316 stainless

steel?
The simple answer is 304 contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel while 316 contains 16%
chromium, 10% nickel and 2% molybdenum. The molybdenum is added to help resist
corrosion to chlorides (like sea water and de-icing salts).
I found the brochure Stainless Steel for Coastal and Salt Corrosion Applications to be very
helpful as a general reference for using stainless steel in our area.
The last thing you need is your outdoor electrical enclosure rusting out on you.

Not only is there the danger of exposing all your critical electrical components inside, it could
cost you a lot to replace when it shorts out. Were talking parts damage and replacement,
repair costs including labor and downtime. Ive seen some real horror shows when
enclosures rust out. Its not pretty.
The good news is we have a simple cost effective solution. We found that by using 316
stainless steel instead of 304 stainless steel on an outdoor enclosure that will be exposed to

the elements (like on an oil rig, for example) not only increases the life span of the enclosure
but it is much safer to be around.

How do you know youre getting 316 stainless steel instead of 304
stainless steel?

You cant tell just by looking at it. Theres no visible difference

between two identical pieces of sheet metal, a polished or grained the exact same way.
Thats why you need a material test report (MTR) of the actual material to validate it as being
304 or 316. We make sure we get one with every shipment we receive at Nema Enclosures
so that we can assure our customers that the enclosure and its parts are constructed of the
exact stainless steel material, as specified and ordered. Some small parts such as clamps
and mounting feet, constructed of 316 stainless steel are specifically marked, in this case a
number 6 within a circle, as shown in the photo above.

What is Type 304 stainless steel and whats it used for?

Type 304, with its chromium-nickel content and low carbon, is the
most versatile and widely used of the austenitic stainless steels. Its alloys are all
modifications of the 18% chromium, 8% nickel austenitic alloy. Type 304 proves to be
resistant to oxidation, corrosion, and durability. All provide ease of fabrication and cleaning,
prevention of product contamination offer a variety of finishes and appearances. Type 304
stainless steels are used in corrosion resistant electrical enclosures, auto molding and trim,
wheel covers, kitchen equipment, hose clamps, exhaust manifolds, stainless hardware,
storage tanks, pressure vessels and piping.

What is Type 316 stainless steel and whats it used for?

Type 316 stainless steel is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless

and heat-resisting steel with superior corrosion resistance as compared to other chromiumnickel steels when exposed to many types of chemical corrodents such as sea water, brine
solutions, and the like.
Since Type 316 stainless steel alloy contains molybdenum bearing it has a greater
resistance to chemical attack than 304. Type 316 is durable, easy-to-fabricate, clean, weld
and finish. It is considerably more resistant to solutions of sulfuric acid, chlorides, bromides,
iodides and fatty acids at high temperature. Stainless steels containing molybdenum are
required in the manufacture of certain pharmaceuticals in order to avoid excessive metallic
contamination.
The bottom line is that Type 316 stainless steel costs a little more upfront but you could save
a whole lot on the back end especially if your enclosure is going to be used outdoors.
Something worth keeping in mind when youre designing your next enclosure