POSTTEST CHN

Situation: Primary Health Care as an approach to delivery of health

care services
1. Which one is the goal of Primary Health Care in the Philippines?
A. Reorientation and reorganization of the national health care system with
the establishment of functional support mechanism
B. Essential health care made universally accessible, acceptable, available,
and affordable to all
C. Health for all Filipinos and health in the hands of the people by the year
2020
D. To strengthen the health care system, let the people manage their own
health care
Answer: C
Rationale: The goal of Primary Health Care in the Philippines is Health for
all Filipinos and health in the hands of the people by the year 2020. (Public
Health Nursing in the Philippines)
2. The mission of Primary Health Care refers to which of the following?
A. To strengthen the health care system, let the people manage their own
health care
B. Guarantee equitable, sustainable and quality health for all Filipinos,
especially the poor, and shall lead the quest for excellence in health
C. Health for all by the year 2020
D. Health for all Filipinos and health in the hands of the people by the year
2020
Answer: A
Rationale: The mission of Primary Health Care in the Philippines is To
strengthen the health care system, let the people manage their own
health care.
3. The law that provided mandate for the implementation of Primary
Health Care in the Philippines is:
A. R.A. 7160
C. R.A. 8423
B. LOI 949
D. R.A. 9255
Answer: B
Rationale: Primary Health Care was declared during the First International
Conference on Primary Health Care held in Alma Ata, USSR on September 612, 1978 by WHO. The goal was Health for All by the year 2000. This was
adopted in the Philippines through Letter of Instruction (LOI) 949 signed by
President Marcos on October 19, 1979 and has an underlying theme of
Health in the hands of the people by 2020.
4. Which of the following is not a corner stone of Primary Health Care?
A. Support mechanisms made available
B. Active community participation

C. Intra and intersectoral solicitation linkages

D. Use of appropriate technology
Answer: C
Rationale: The four corner stones or pillars in PHC are as follows: active
community participation (option B); intra and inter-sectoral linkages
(option C); use of appropriate technology (option D); and support
mechanism made available (option A).
5. Which does not describe Primary Health Care?
A. It emphasizes partnership between health care providers and the people
B. It is a total approach to community development
C. It stresses the importance of linkages
D. It aims to provide free health services to the people
Answer: D
Rationale: Option D is incorrect because PHC aims to provide affordable, not
free, health services to the people. (Public Health Nursing in the Philippines)
6. Which of the following patterns is intermittent and confined to a certain
geographical area or locality?
A. Pandemic
C. Epidemic
B. Endemic
D. Sporadic
Situation: The Department of Health implements various health
programs and projects in order to achieve its goals and objectives.
As a Public Health Nurse, you are one of the implementers of these
programs at the municipal level.
7. The mission of the Department of Health is:
A. The leader, staunch advocate and model in promoting Health for All in the
Philippines
B. Health for all Filipinos
C. Guarantee equitable, sustainable and quality health for all Filipinos,
especially the poor and shall lead the quest for excellence in health
D. To strengthen the health care system, let the people manage their own
health care
Answer: C
Rationale: The mission of the Department of Health is Guarantee
equitable, sustainable and quality health for all Filipinos, especially the poor
and shall lead the quest for excellence in health.
8. Which among the following is not considered as a specific role of the
DOH based on Executive Order 102?
A. Leader in health
B. Reformist for health development
C. Enabler and capacity builder
D. Administrator of specific services
Answer: B

Rationale: The specific role of the DOH based on Executive Order 102 are
as follows: Leadership in health (option A); Enabler and capacity builder
(option C); and Administrator of specific services (option D). (Public Health
Nursing in the Philippines)
9. The following are included in the 8 Millennium Development Goals that
are based on the fundamental values of freedom, equality, solidarity,
tolerance, health, respect for nature, and shared responsibility. Which
is not health related?
A. Eradicate extreme poverty
B. Improve maternal health
C. Promote gender equality and empower women
D. Ensure environmental sustainability
Answer: C
Rationale: The 8 Millennium Development Goals are based on the
fundamental values of freedom, equality, solidarity, tolerance, health,
respect for nature, and shared responsibility. All four options are part of the
MDGs, however, only option C (Promote gender equality and empower
women) is not health related. (Public Health Nursing in the Philippines)
10.
The Health Sector Reform Agenda (HSRA) utilizes FOURmula ONE
for Health as its framework having four components such as health
financing, health regulation, health service delivery and good
governance. Which of the following is not included in the goals of this
framework?
A. Better health outcomes
B. More responsive health systems
C. Streamlining health system bureaucracy
D. Equitable health care financing
Answer: C
Rationale: The Health Sector Reform Agenda (HSRA) utilizes FOURmula ONE
for Health as its framework having four components such as health
financing, health regulation, health service delivery and good governance.
The goals of FOURmula ONE for Health are as follows: Better health
outcomes (option A); More responsive health systems (option B); and
Equitable health care financing (option D). (Public Health Nursing in the
Philippines)
Situation: The following are programs aimed at preventing noncommunicable diseases.
11.
The following are nutrition-related problems that lead to noncommunicable disease, except:
A. Obesity
B. Increased intake of processed/instant foods
C. Increased dietary fiber
D. Increased fat intake

Answer: C
Rationale: Eating a balanced diet is important to health. Studies prove that
following nutrition guidelines can prevent major non-communicable diseases.
The following are nutrition-related problems that lead to non-communicable
disease:
12.
Sedentary lifestyle, a life spent with little or no physical activity,
has grave consequences to ones health. The following are health
benefits of regular physical activity, except:
A. Promotes psychological well-being and reduces feelings of stress
B. Reduces the risk of developing colon cancer
C. Helps reduce blood pressure in people who already have hypertension
D. Lowers both total blood cholesterol and triglycerides and may increase
low-density lipoproteins
Answer: D
Rationale: Sedentary lifestyle, a life spent with little or no physical activity,
has grave consequences to ones health. The lack of adequate physical
activity has been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases,
diabetes mellitus, and obesity. It also increases the risks of colon and breast
cancer, high blood pressure, lipid disorder, osteoporosis, depression and
anxiety.
Situation: Environmental health is a branch of public health that
deals with the study of preventing illnesses by managing the
environment and changing people's behavior to reduce exposure to
biological and non-biological agents of disease and injury.
13.
Which of the following is responsible for the promotion of health
environmental conditions and prevention of environmental related
diseases?
A. Rural Health and Sanitary Office
B. Environmental Sanitation Code of the Philippines
C. Center for Health and Development
D. Environmental and Occupational Health Office
Answer: D
Rationale: The Environmental and Occupational Health Office (EOHO) is
responsible for the promotion of health environmental conditions and
prevention of environmental related diseases. (Public Health Nursing in the
Philippines)
14.
A protected well or a developed spring with an outlet but without
a distribution system is known as:
A. Point Source
C. Stand Post
B. Communal Faucet
D. Waterworks System
Answer: A
Rationale: Point Source or Level I water supply facilities are protected wells
or developed springs with an outlet but without a distribution system.

15.
Pour flush toilet and aqua privies are classified under which level
of approved toilet facilities?
A. Level I
C. Level III
B. Level II
D. Level IV
Answer: A
Rationale: Level I toilet facilities include pour flush toilet and aqua privies
(non-water carriage toilet facility). No water is necessary to wash the waste
into the receiving space.
Level II toilet facilities (option B) are on site toilet facilities of the water
carriage type with water-sealed and flush type with septic tank/vault disposal
facilities.
Level III toilet facilities (option C) are water carriage type or toilet facilities
connected to septic tanks and/or sewerage system to treatment plant.
There is no Level IV toilet facility. (Public Health Nursing in the Philippines)
16.
The four rights in food safety include the following, except:
A. Right source
C. Right preparation
B. Right handling
D. Right cooking
Answer: B
Rationale: The four rights in food safety include the following: Right
source; Right preparation; Right Cooking; and Right Storage. (Public
Health Nursing in the Philippines)
Situation: Alternative medicines include the use of herbal
medicines, and the practice of acupressure, acupuncture and
aromatherapy.
17.
Which of the following laws paved way for the creation of the
Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care?
A. R.A. 7610
C. R.A. 7160
B. R.A. 8423
D. P.D. 965
Answer: B
Rationale: Republic Act 8423 or the Traditional and Alternative
Medicine Act paved way for the creation of the Philippine Institute of
Traditional and Alternative Health Care.
18.
The herbal plant used as an anti-helmintic, which expels round
worms that cause ascariasis, is:
A. Tsaang gubat
C. Lagundi
B. Niyug-niyogan
D. Bayabas
Answer: B
Rationale: Niyug-niyogan (Quisqualis indica L.) is the herbal plant used as
an anti-helmintic. It expels round worms that cause ascariasis. The seeds
are taken 2 hours after supper. If no worms are expelled, the dose may be
repeated after one week. It should not be given to children below 4 years old.

19.
The herbal plant used for the treatment of rheumatism and gout
as it lowers uric acid level is:
A. Sambong
C. Akapulko
B. Yerba Buena
D. Ulasimang bato
Answer: D
Rationale: Ulasimang bato or Pansit-pansitan (Peperonia pellucida) is
the herbal plant used for the treatment of rheumatism and gout as it
lowers uric acid level.
Situation: Vaccines are administered to induce immunity thereby
causing the recipients immune system to react to the vaccine that
produces antibodies to fight infection. Vaccinations promote health
and protect children from disease-causing agents.
20.
What day of the week is designated as immunization day and is
adopted in all parts of the country?
A. Monday
C. Wednesday
B. Tuesday
D. Thursday
Answer: C
Rationale: Every Wednesday is designated as immunization day and is
adopted in all parts of the country. In a barangay health station,
immunization is done monthly while in far flung areas it is done quarterly.
However, some areas adopted local practices to provide everyday
vaccination in their areas to cover all targets. (Public Health Nursing in the
Philippines)
21.
Which of the following Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)
vaccines is stored in the freezer?
A. Measles vaccines
C. Hepatitis B vaccine
B. DPT
D. Tetanus toxoid
Answer: A
Rationale: Vaccines are substances very sensitive at various temperatures.
To avoid spoilage and maintain its potency, vaccines need to be stored at
correct temperature. Measles vaccine and OPV are highly sensitive to heat,
requiring storage in the freezer (-15C to -25C).
22.
Unused BCG should be discarded how many hours after
reconstitution?
A. 2 hours
C. 6 hours
B. 4 hours
D. At the end of the day
Answer: B
Rationale: While the unused portion of other vaccines in the EPI may be
given until the end of the day, only BCG is discarded 4 hours after
reconstitution. This is why BCG immunization is scheduled only in the
morning. (Public Health Nursing in the Philippines)
23.

You will not give DPT 2 if the mother says that the infant had:
A. Abscess formation after DPT 1

B. Local tenderness for 3 days after DPT 1

C. Fever for 3 days after DPT 1
D. Seizures a day after DPT 1
Answer: D
Rationale: Seizures within 3 days after administration of DPT is an
indication of hypersensitivity to Pertussis vaccine, a component of DPT.
This is considered a specific contraindication to subsequent doses of
DPT. (Public Health Nursing in the Philippines)
24.
A 2-months old infant was brought to the health center for
immunization. During assessment, the infants temperature registered
at 38.1C. Which of the following is the best course of action by the
nurse?
A. Give Paracetamol and wait for his fever to subside
B. Advise the infants mother to bring him back for immunization when he is
well
C. Refer the infant to the physician for further assessment
D. Go on with the infants immunizations
Answer: D
Rationale: In the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), fever up to
38.5C is not a contraindication to immunization. Mild acute respiratory tract
infection, simple diarrhea, cough, vomiting and malnutrition are not
contraindications either. Generally, one should immunize unless the child is
so sick that he needs to be hospitalized. (Public Health Nursing in the
Philippines)
25.
Which of the following vaccine will prevent meningitis to children
below 5 years old?
a. DPT
b. Measles
c. Pentavaccine
d. Rotavirus
ANSWER: C