Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
TLIF107C
Follow
OHS
Procedures
Contents
What this Learner’s Guide is about ........................................ 4
Planning your learning ........................................................... 5
How you will be assessed ...................................................... 8
Section 1........................................................................................... 10
Occupational health and safety responsibilities ................... 10
Section 2........................................................................................... 30
Potential hazards and remedial action ................................. 30
Section 3........................................................................................... 47
Accident and incident emergency procedure ....................... 47
Section 4........................................................................................... 58
Stress related factors and recommended strategies............ 58
This
Learner’s
Guide
is
about
the
skills
and
knowledge
required
to
follow
and
apply
OHS
procedures
when
carrying
out
work
activities,
including
identifying
and
following
workplace
procedures
for
hazard
identification
and
risk
control,
contributing
to
arrangements
for
the
management
of
occupational
health
and
safety,
and
completing
occupational
health
and
safety
records.
It
is
important
to
plan
your
learning
before
you
start
because
you
may
already
have
some
of
the
knowledge
and
skills
that
are
covered
in
this
Learner’s
Guide.
This
might
be
because:
• you
have
been
working
in
the
industry
for
some
time,
and/or
• you
have
already
completed
training
in
this
area.
Together
with
your
supervisor
or
trainer
use
the
checklists
on
the
following
pages
to
help
you
plan
your
study
program.
Your
answers
to
the
questions
in
the
checklist
will
help
you
work
out
which
sections
of
this
Learner’s
Guide
you
need
to
complete.
This
Learner’s
Guide
is
written
with
the
idea
that
learning
is
made
more
relevant
when
you,
the
learner,
are
actually
working
in
the
industry.
This
means
that
you
will
have
people
within
the
enterprise
who
can
show
you
things,
discuss
how
things
are
done
and
answer
any
questions
you
have.
Also
you
can
practise
what
you
learn
and
see
how
what
you
learn
is
applied
in
the
enterprise.
If
you
are
working
through
this
Learner’s
Guide
and
have
not
yet
found
a
job
in
the
industry,
you
will
need
to
talk
to
your
trainer
about
doing
work
experience
or
working
and
learning
in
some
sort
of
simulated
workplace.
Assessment
of
this
Unit
of
Competency
will
include
observation
of
real
or
simulated
work
processes
using
workplace
procedures
and
questioning
on
underpinning
knowledge
and
skills.
It
must
be
demonstrated
in
an
actual
or
simulated
work
situation
under
supervision.
Section 1
Section outline
The background to Occupational Health and Safety in your industry
Each
state/territory
in
Australia
has
laws
known
as
Acts
of
Parliament
to
make
sure
all
workplaces
are
safe
and
healthy.
These
acts
try
to
prevent
accidents
in
the
workplace
and
encourage
employers
and
employees
to
cooperate
to
solve
health
and
safety
issues
at
work.
These
laws
also
set
out
what
everyone
should
be
doing
to
help
make
working
conditions
safe.
What do you know about the legislation for occupational health and
safety? What legislation particularly relates to your work?
____________________________________________________
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Why?
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Ask your OHS officer to show you the main OHS legislation that
applies at your worksite.
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What is the name of the government body that has the job of
making sure this law is obeyed in this state/territory?
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Legislative framework
The
acts,
such
as
the
one
you
looked
at
in
Activity
2,
are
laws
about
health
and
safety
at
work.
Regulations
are
made
from
acts
to
give
details
on
how
parts
of
the
law
are
to
be
carried
out.
Examples
are:
• manual
handling
• noise
• machinery
• general
safety
regulations.
Codes
of
practice
are
not
laws.
They
are
developed
so
that
people
can
carry
out
the
requirements
of
acts
and
regulations
in
the
day-‐to-‐day
operation.
They
can
be
used
as
evidence
in
court
cases
so
you
need
to
know
what
applies
at
your
workplace.
Ask your OHS officer to show you a list of current codes of practice.
Standards
There
are
minimum
standards
developed
to
make
sure
that
we
produce
safe,
high
quality
goods
and
services.
Standards
Australia
is
a
private
organisation
that
produces
Australian
Standards.
Worksafe
Australia
produces
National
Standards.
There
are
also
Guidance
notes
and
guides
to
help
you
on
suggested
work
practices
to
follow.
At
many
work
sites,
there
are
records
kept
of
injuries
that
occur
at
work.
Any
accident
that
results
in
a
person
losing
a
day
or
affecting
a
shift
usually
requires
a
report
and
is
looked
at
in
depth.
these
are
sometimes
called
lost
time
injuries.
To
compare
to
the
number
of
hours
worked
by
people
at
the
worksite
gives
the
lost
time
injury
frequency
rate,
which
can
then
be
compared
to
industry
averages.
Do you know what the current lost time injury frequency rate is?
Ask your OHS officer or trainer.
________________________________________________________
Rehabilitation
This
is
an
important
aspect
of
OHS
management.
The
aim
is
to
get
the
injured
person
back
to
work
as
soon
as
possible
after
an
accident.
Work
may
have
to
be
changed
a
bit,
or
the
injured
person
may
need
other
duties
for
a
while.
The
company
needs
to
monitor
the
return
to
work
to
make
sure
that
the
injury
does
not
get
worse
or
happen
again.
An
injured
person
on
rehabilitation
will:
• retain
job
skills
• continue
social
contact
with
fellow
workers
• continue
to
receive
all
pay
benefits.
In
addition,
the
company
continues
to
keep
the
services
of
a
valuable
skilled
employee.
The
key
people
are
the
employer,
the
employee
and
the
trainer.
These
people
are
working
to
keep
the
workplace
healthy
and
safe.
However,
each
person
at
work
should
be
committed
to
making
the
workplace
a
safe
place.
It
is
very
useful
to
involve
employees
in
changes
to
the
workplace,
as
everyone
the
feels
that
they
can
support
that
change
and
co-‐operate.
Employer
Employers
have
a
legislative
duty
to
make
sure
that
the
workplace
is
safe
and
healthy.
These
duties
may
include:
• provide
and
maintain
safe
machines
and
systems
of
work
• organise
for
the
safe
use,
handling,
storage
and
transport
of
substances
used
in
the
workpalce
such
as
toxic
chemicals
• provide
a
safe
working
environment
by
controlling
hazards
such
as
dust,
noise
and
fumes
• provide
welfare
facilities
such
as
washrooms,
change
rooms
and
meal
areas
• give
out
information
on
hazards
so
that
all
people
in
the
workplace
understand
how
to
manage
hazards
• provide
instruction,
training
and
supervision
to
employees
to
make
sure
work
is
carried
out
safely
Employees
The
laws
say
that
the
employee
has
a
duty
to
take
care
of
their
own
health
and
safety
and
also
other
workers.
The
duties
include:
• follow
safe
practices
and
methods
of
work
• use
the
safety
clothing
and
equipment
provided
• not
purposely
interfere
with
or
misuse
any
equipment,
or
do
anything
that
may
be
a
danger
to
others.
Each
person
at
work
should
be
involved
in
making
the
workplace
safe
and
healthy.
Employees
know
their
work
best,
understand
the
work
processes
and
know
the
dangerous
aspects
of
equipment
and
the
environment
they
work
in.
It
is
also
important
to
know
what
your
responsibilities
are
while
you
are
on
a
customer’s
premises.
Check
with
other
drivers
and
your
trainer
to
find
out
what
the
health
and
safety
issues
are
relevant
when
visiting
other
workplaces.
Discuss with another work mate or your trainer a specific work task
or tasks. List three things you must remember to do so that the
work is done safely.
Work task:
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To make it safe:
1. ___________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
It
is
important
to
involve
both
employees
and
employers
in
the
input
on
how
to
identify
and
improve
workplace
hazards.
Legislation
has
outlined
several
ways
of
involving
employees
in
health
and
safety.
These
include:
• designated
work
groups
(DWG)
• health
and
safety
representatives
• health
and
safety
committees
• issue
resolution
procedures.
____________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Specify
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Members
of
each
DWG
can
elect
their
own
health
and
safety
representative.
This
person
can
then
represent
the
group’s
interests
in
health
and
safety
issues.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
This
person
is
a
link
between
workers
and
management.
The
rights
and
responsibilities
of
this
representative
relate
to
the
DWG
for
which
they
have
been
elected.
Some
duties
are:
• after
giving
notice
inspect
the
workplace
at
any
reasonable
time
(managers
and
health
and
safety
representatives
may
inspect
together)
• go
with
an
Inspector
during
an
inspection
of
the
workplace
• organise
with
management
to
have
safety
problems
fixed
• if
practicable,
be
consulted
on
changes
to
the
workplace
which
may
affect
the
health
and
safety
of
people
in
their
DWG
• be
given
time
and
facilities
to
carry
out
duties
and
to
receive
training
• attend
health
and
safety
committee
meetings
• be
present
at
an
interview
between
an
employee
and
an
inspector
after
consultation
with
management
and
with
the
employee’s
permission
• have
access
to
information
about
workplace
hazards
and
the
health
and
safety
of
employees.
This
committee’s
main
jobs
are
to
improve
health
and
safety
systems
in
the
workplace
and
to
concentrate
on
the
long
term
issues.
Day-‐to-‐
day
issues
are
handled
by
the
health
and
safety
representative
and/or
management
representative
of
the
area,
but
any
of
these
issues
which
are
unresolved
may
be
discussed
at
the
committee.
The
committee
is
composed
of
managers
and
employees,
this
helps
to
have
both
groups
working
together.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
How can you find out what is happening in the committee and what
decisions are being made?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Government inspectors
The
government
has
a
team
of
workplace
inspectors
who
have
the
right
to
enter,
search
and
inspect
a
workplace
at
any
reasonable
time
of
day
or
night.
The
Inspector’s
job
is
to
check
the
safety
of
the
workplace.
Inspectors
can
advise
to
help
employees
and
management
work
together
to
find
a
solution
to
problems.
An
Inspector
may
also
be
called
in
to
make
decisions
when
there
is
a
dispute
about
health
and
safety.
If
there
is
a
health
and
safety
problem
someone
needs
to
know
about
it.
You
should
talk
to:
• your
trainer
• OHS
officer
• employee
OHS
representative
• a
health
and
safety
committee
member.
Step
2:
No
resolution
-‐
consultation
with
OHS
management
rep.
and
manager.
Step 3: No resolution -‐ advice from OHS manager and medical officer.
Where
the
issue
involves
an
immediate
threat
to
health
and
safety,
the
health
and
safety
representative
should
immediately
contact
the
manager.
Some
work
may
need
to
be
stopped
in
that
area
and
employees
given
other
work
to
do.
You are standing near your truck, waiting for the loading of some
pallets. You notice that the Forklift operator is loading some old
pallets which don’t look very strong. Some of the pallets are
crooked on the Forklift. When the operator tries to put them on the
truck several fall sideways and one falls onto your foot. It is not a
serious injury but the work area has pallets spread out over it, and
the area is potentially dangerous for other loading.
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Section 2
Section outline
Hazards
− physical
− chemical
− environmental
− human
behaviour
− biological
Remedial action
What is a hazard?
A
hazard
is
anything
which
has
the
potential
to
cause
injury
or
illness.
Any
type
of
work
has
hazards
that
are
common
to
that
work.
This
can
include
the
working
environment,
the
pace
of
work,
equipment
or
chemicals
used
and
the
tasks
performed.
Physical
Hazards
in
this
category
include
noise
and
vibration,
extremes
of
temperature
and
humidity,
poor
ventilation
and
lighting
of
the
work
area
and
a
workplace
which
is
cluttered
or
untidy.
Electrical,
fire
and
dust
hazards
are
physical.
Chemical
One
aspect
of
these
hazards
is
poor
ventilation
which
can
cause
problems
with
dust,
fumes,
vapours,
gases
and
liquids.
Another
aspect
covers
the
range
of
dangerous
goods
and
chemicals.
These
include:
explosives,
gases,
miscellaneous
dangerous
substances
and
articles,
flammable
liquids,
flammable
solids,
infectious
substances,
poisons,
oxidising
agents,
organic
peroxides,
toxic
substances,
radioactive
material,
corrosive
substances.
Environmental
Hazards
in
this
category
include
ergonomic
issues
such
as
the
condition
and
design
of
equipment
and
furniture
and
occupational
overuse
injuries
such
as
incorrect
lifting.
It
also
includes
storage
and
manual
handling
of
dangerous
goods
and
other
loads,
spills
and
leaks,
slips
and
falls
and
the
danger
of
falling
objects.
Job
and
task
design,
and
tool
and
equipment
design
are
a
part
of
this
category.
Human behaviour
Because
of
the
nature
of
the
industry,
shiftwork
and
its
effects
should
be
considered
as
a
potential
hazard.
Other
hazards
in
behavioural
aspects
are:
dealing
with
customers,
loss
of
control
over
work,
boredom,
overwork,
skill
levels,
harassment,
noise,
discrimination
and
abuse.
Biological
This category includes hazards such as infections, bacteria and viruses.
____________________________________________________
Put in any other hazards you can think of. Make sure you have at
least two items in each column.
Having
identified
the
hazards
it
is
important
to
assess
them,
then
control
them
continuously.
It
is
the
responsibility
of
each
worker
to
be
alert,
and
to
continuously
review
their
work
practices
and
potential
hazards.
The
first
step
in
managing
hazards
is
to
have
a
system
or
systems
of
analysing
and
reporting
on
them.
Identifying hazards
There
are
several
ways
that
you
can
find
out
about
hazards
in
the
workplace.
Some
companies
use
just
one
or
two
methods,
others
use
many.
Here
are
seven
identification
methods
which
can
be
used:
• inspections
and
audits
• hazard
reports
• job
analysis
• health
monitoring
data
• injury
and
disease
trends
• Material
Safety
Data
Sheets
• workplace
environment
monitoring
data.
One
way
to
check
hazards
is
to
audit
the
workplace.
This
usually
requires
an
inspection.
The
people
involved
in
this
should
be
the
people
working
in
the
area,
health
and
safety
representatives,
health
and
safety
committee
members,
trainers
and
managers.
It’s
best
to
involve
the
people
working
in
the
area
in
assessing
their
own
workplace,
as
they
know
the
place
best,
and
would
be
the
potential
accident/incident
victims.
The
audit
should
be
performed
as
often
as
required
by
the
type
of
work
being
done.
If
it
is
a
place
storing
and
moving
chemicals,
the
audit
could
be
weekly.
Hazard reports
When
hazards
have
been
identified,
there
needs
to
be
a
type
of
reporting
system
to
make
sure
the
information
goes
to
the
right
person,
so
that
something
is
done
about
it.
Hazards
need
to
be
identified,
assessed
and
controlled
continuously,
so
that
you
have
a
safer
workplace.
Job analysis
This
is
a
way
of
checking
carefully
the
tasks
a
person
has
to
do
in
their
job.
The
tasks
are
broken
down
into
steps
and
any
hazards
that
may
be
involved
are
identified.
Safe
operating
procedures
can
be
written
from
this.
What
you
monitor
depends
on
the
type
of
work
being
done.
Health
monitoring
includes
hearing,
asbestos,
lead
and
pesticide
testing.
It
would
be
useful
to
carry
out
some
of
these
tests
before
a
person
starts
the
work
so
that
the
results
can
be
compared
later.
Most
companies
keep
records
of
injuries
that
cause
time-‐off
work.
These
are
called
Lost
Time
Injuries
or
LTI’s.
These
figures
can
then
be
worked
out
as
a
rate
by
comparing
them
to
the
number
of
hours
worked
by
people
at
the
work
site
where
these
injuries
occurred.
This
rate
is
called
the
Lost
Time
Injury
Frequency
Rate
(LTIFR)
and
can
be
compared
to
other
company
sites
or
industry
averages.
From
this,
particular
hazards
or
hazardous
processes
can
be
highlighted.
Sometimes
the
work
site
may
need
to
be
looked
at
closely
using
specialised
testing
equipment.
You
may
use
someone
within
the
company,
or
an
outside
expert.
Tests
could
include
lighting,
noise
and
toxic
substance
levels.
List the steps people need to take when they become aware of a
hazard or hazardous situation.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
What happens to the information once it has been passed on? You
may need to speak to someone else in the company to find this out.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Some
hazards
have
the
potential
to
be
more
dangerous
than
others.
You
need
to
sort
out
the
priorities,
assessing
the
risk.
Risk
is
the
likelihood
of
injury
or
illness
arising
from
exposure
to
any
hazard.
You
work
out
the
risk
by
talking
to
people
who
know
about
the
hazard,
and
have
experience.
Let’s
consider
the
simplest
way.
You
could
work
out
how
likely
it
is
that
an
incident
will
happen,
and
balance
that
against
how
serious
the
resultant
incident
could
be.
Your
priority
becomes
the
incidents
that
could
happen
often
and
could
have
serious
consequences.
Naturally,
all
hazards
will
eventually
need
to
be
assessed
and
acted
on,
so
you
need
to
make
a
priority
order
of
the
hazards
you
have
identified
in
your
workplace.
There
are
several
control
methods
which
can
be
used
to
control
the
risks
effectively.
Elimination:
• removing
the
risk.
Substituting:
• using
a
better
or
less
risky
piece
of
equipment
or
substance.
Engineering
controls:
• finding
ways
to
better
design
the
work
area,
such
as
better
ventilation,
redesigning
the
layout,
enclosing
the
area.
If
these
are
not
productive
or
feasible
methods
of
controlling
the
risk,
then
it’s
possible
to
use
methods
which
generally
rely
on
human
elements
to
work.
Administrative
controls:
• using
a
range
of
administration
methods
which
will
systematically
reduce
risk,
such
as
training,
work
scheduling
and
job
rotation,
supervision
and
housekeeping.
Let’s
look
at
some
aspects
of
the
controls
and
risk
management
in
more
detail.
Training
One
of
the
most
important
aspects
of
workplace
health
and
safety
is
to
be
trained
in
what
safe
processes
and
procedures
are.
Your
company
will
regularly
run
OHS
courses,
both
when
you
start
at
the
job
and
as
the
need
arises
during
your
time
in
the
workplace.
These
courses
could
include
dangerous
goods
storage
and
handling,
manual
handling
skills,
First
Aid.
It
is
in
your
interest
to
make
sure
that
you
are
always
up-‐to-‐date
on
OHS
requirements
in
the
workplace.
There
are
often
details
given
in
safety
procedures
manuals
developed
by
the
company.
You
should
make
sure
you
have
read
these,
and
follow
them.
Check
your
area’s
OHS
Manual
to
revise
the
safety
rules
for
your
particular
work
area.
Find out from your company OHS Manual the safety rules on
manual handling procedures.
Comment on how much you are familiar with and follow these
procedures. Give an example.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Ask your trainer to observe how you lift and handle materials and to
give you feedback on this aspect of your work.
Housekeeping
Your
work
area
should
be
clearly
planned
and
laid
out,
so
that
you
can
avoid
potential
hazards.
Make
sure
you
keep
the
area
clean
and
tidy
remove
any
rubbish
from
the
site
and
regularly
maintain
this.
It’s
not
just
a
matter
of
it
looking
good,
it’s
important
to
make
a
habit
of
having
an
uncluttered
work
area
so
that
you
avoid
accidents.
Not
only
do
you
need
to
have
orderly
and
clear
work
practices,
you
also
need
to
have
an
environment
which
is
logically
laid
out
with
clear
signage
to
indicate
various
aspects
of
the
workplace
activities.
• The
physical
layout
should
include
marked
walkways,
clearly
marked
exits,
clear
access,
and
aisle
ways
and
separate
food/eating
areas
and
wash
facilities.
There
should
also
be
designated
smoking
areas.
• In
case
of
accident
you
need
to
know
where
the
emergency
equipment
and
spill
collection
devices
are
stored,
how
to
access
fire
fighting
equipment
and
oxygen
apparatus.
In
your
First
Aid
area
there
will
need
to
be
eye
wash
kits
and
showers
or
hand
basins
to
deal
with
minor
spills
and
leaks.
• The
machinery
or
equipment
will
need
to
have
safety
guards
or
shields
where
necessary,
and
guard
rails
to
indicate
safe
working
distances.
• Security
is
an
important
aspect
of
your
work
area
layout.
All
personnel
should
be
identified
and
provided
with
clearance
to
enter
work
areas
(perhaps
after
a
safety
induction
program);
the
area
should
be
supervised,
and
good
security
such
as
gates
and
locks
installed
where
required.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Protective
clothing
and
equipment
provide
a
barrier
to
a
hazard.
If
you
remove
the
clothing,
or
it
is
not
properly
maintained
(i.e.
a
hole
in
your
overalls)
then
the
hazard
could
cause
harm
immediately.
Consider
the
following
checklist,
and
answer
the
questions
according
to
your
specific
work
area.
Safety footwear
Respirators
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Information systems
Your
workplace
has
a
range
of
ways
of
informing
you
about
hazardous
situations.
They
could
include:
• procedures
manuals
-‐
could
be
individual
work
area
or
more
general
• sign
posting
-‐
should
be
part
of
the
physical
layout
• labelling
-‐
clear
labelling
is
vital
to
your
industry
functioning
safely
and
efficiently
• Material
Safety
Data
Sheet
-‐
these
must
be
available
for
any
substances
used.
The
workplace
also
sets
up
procedures
to
deal
with
potential
hazards:
• safety
work
permits
• confined
space
entry
procedures
• lock-‐out
and
tag-‐out
procedures
• health
and
safety
policy.
You
should
know
about
each
of
these.
If
you
are
unsure
about
your
company’s
policy
and
procedures,
contact
your
training
officer
or
OHS
officer.
Section 3
Section outline
Emergency procedures
You
are
probably
aware
of
site
plans
at
your
workplace
indicating
exits
and
evacuation
points.
It
is
important
to
know
what
to
do
if
there
is
an
emergency.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
What
can
cause
an
evacuation?
Well,
it
could
be
the
result
of
a
spillage,
gas
leak,
or
an
emergency
such
as
a
fire
or
explosion.
Your
worksite
should
practise
the
evacuation
procedures
at
least
every
six
months,
and
it
is
important
that
everyone
recognises
the
signals
and
reacts
to
them
immediately.
The
person
in
charge
in
an
emergency
is
the
fire
warden
with
the
authority
to
direct
people
in
emergency
situations.
Once
the
fire
services
or
other
emergency
services
arrive,
the
fire
chief
or
officer-‐in-‐
charge
is
the
person
who
will
direct
the
emergency
situation.
Your
workplace
can
also
include
the
customer
where
you
are
picking
up
or
delivering.
If
you
have
been
delivering
to
the
one
customer
for
a
while,
you
may
know
what
their
procedures
are.
You
may
be
in
the
truck
when
there
is
an
emergency.
The
more
you
know
about
emergency
procedures,
the
more
you
will
react
quickly
and
instinctively
if
there
is
an
accident
or
incident
when
you
are
on
the
road.
Make
yourself
familiar
with
your
company
procedures
so
that
you
can
respond
immediately.
Accident/incident reporting
It’s
best
to
try
to
stop
accidents
or
incidents
before
they
occur,
so
it
can
be
important
to
report
accidents
or
incidents
even
if
they
don’t
seem
too
serious.
The
reporting
should
then
lead
to
the
situation
being
improved.
− no-‐one
is
hurt
although
something
has
gone
wrong.
There
is
potential
for
the
incident
to
have
damaged
someone
or
property.
There
are
accidents
or
incidents
which
must
be
reported
by
the
employer
to
the
relevant
authorities.
These
involve
serious
injury
or
death
of
one
or
more
workers,
and
the
loss
of
time
from
work,
including
hospital
treatment.
Procedures
for
accident
reporting
are
similar
to
being
involved
in
a
car
accident.
You
need
to
know
exactly
what
information
is
required
by
your
company,
and
make
sure
that
you
obtain
all
those
details.
There
will
be
procedures
for
this,
such
as
the
completion
of
an
accident
book
or
accident/incident
forms.
These
provide
not
only
a
description
of
what
happened
but
an
official
log
which
can
be
used
to
maintain
accurate
records.
Talk
to
your
trainer
about
the
procedures
in
your
workplace.
You
should
have
the
following
First
Aid
facilities
at
your
workplace,
depending
on
what
is
stored
in
your
work
area:
• First
Aid
kit
• emergency
equipment
• spill
collection
devices
• fire
fighting
equipment
• oxygen
apparatus
• eye
wash
kit
• showers/hand
basins.
All
First
Aid
kits
should
be
easy
to
find,
and
should
be
well-‐stocked.
Do
you
have
a
First
Aid
kit
in
the
truck?
Make
sure
it
has
a
list
of
its
contents,
and
they
are
there.
In
an
accident
on
the
road
you
will
need
to
react
quickly
and
be
sure
of
having
the
relevant
materials.
The
application
of
First
Aid
requires
a
person
to
be
trained.
There
should
be
training
courses
in
First
Aid
at
your
workplace,
and
you
should
know
who
is
qualified
to
deliver
First
Aid.
Draw up a site plan, indicating where the First Aid stations are
located.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
What are the responsibilities of the First Aid officer? If you are not
sure, talk to your First Aid officer.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
You are driving over the Westgate Bridge when there is an accident
involving your truck. You have obtained details of the accident as
required by your company. You will be unable to complete the
delivery as the truck has damage requiring workshop repair.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Section 4
Section outline
Working
in
the
transport
industry,
you
will
have
times
when
you
are
under
stress.
It
may
be
because
of
the
pressure
of
delivering
to
a
difficult
timeline,
or
having
to
do
deliveries
at
peak
hour
within
time
constraints.
It
could
be
working
to
the
difficulties
in
another
company’s
workplace,
such
as
computers
going
down
when
you’re
waiting
to
pick
up
a
delivery.
Everyone
reacts
to
stress
in
different
ways.
You
could
have
strategies
such
as
talking
to
your
trainer
about
the
hours,
or
finding
ways
to
make
your
truck
more
comfortable
and
yourself
more
injury-‐free.
One
thing
to
avoid
is
to
use
substances
such
as
alcohol
or
drugs
as
a
way
to
relieve
the
stress
-‐
these
are
definitely
not
safe
work
practices,
and
will
be
in
contravention
of
company
policy!
1. ___________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
What have you or your workmate done to help with the stress?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Talking to others
The
first
person
to
talk
to
is
your
trainer,
and/or
your
OHS
representative,
who
will
consider
with
you
ways
to
improve
the
work
practices
in
your
area.
These
could
include:
• changing
shifts
to
suit
different
personalities
• regular
vehicle
checking
and
maintenance
schedules
• encouraging
drivers
to
do
training
in
defensive
driving
• regular
communication
about
changes
in
the
work
environment
• training
in
manual
handling
and
other
aspects
of
injury
prevention.
If
you
have
a
persistent
problem
with
some
of
the
stressors
listed
above,
you
may
need
to
talk
to
an
expert
about
it.
There
are
specialists
in
counselling
and
general
health
who
could
provide
you
with
some
strategies
to
overcome
some
of
your
stress-‐inducing
issues.
Talk
to
your
OHS
representative
or
your
trainer.
Strategies
There
may
be
strategies
to
make
your
job
safer
and
more
efficient.
• Job
redesign
− this
involves
looking
at
the
way
a
series
of
tasks
are
carried
out
and
minimising
the
risks
by
changing
some
of
the
tasks
to
safer
work
practices.
You
may
need
to
use
some
mechanical
device
or
other
support
to
lift
heavy
objects.
Another
strategy
which
can
relieve
boredom
or
working
longer
hours
than
you
are
used
to
is
to
take
scheduled
breaks
• Job
rotation
− this
involves
people
try
different
jobs
within
the
work
unit.
This
then
means
they
get
variety
and
they
have
more
flexibility
in
their
skills.
Rehabilitation
from
injury
could
require
either
job
redesign
or
modified
light
duties.
The trainer is worried about Don, aged 43, who has been with the
company for 20 years and has been one of their best drivers. He
has recently been bad tempered and is a bit rough on his truck. It is
requiring more maintenance time, particularly as Don has been
involved in three minor accidents over the last month. They
seemed to be the result of Don trying to do more deliveries in less
time. Don is working overtime whenever he can. He had a back
injury about six months ago, was on lighter duties for about four
weeks and really didn’t like it. He wants to prove that he can still do
the driving job.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Additional
resources
Web
sites:
• Unionsafe
(sponsored
by
Workcover
Authority
if
NSW)
http://www.unionsafe.labor.net.au
• Workcover
Authority
of
NSW
(use
links
to
locate
relevant
authorities
in
other
states/territories)
http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au
• Workplace
OHS
http://www.workplaceohs.com.au
• National
OHS
Commission
http://www.nohsc.gov.au
Publications:
• The
union
may
feature
OHS
information
and
issues
in
their
newsletter
or
on
their
web
site
(speak
to
your
union
representative).
• Ackerman
K.B.
Practical
Handbook
of
Warehousing,
Van
Nostrand
Reinhold,
New
York.
• Occupational
Health,
Safety
and
Welfare
Regulations
(federal
and
state/territory)
• Approved
Code
of
Practice
(federal
and
state/territory),
for:
Labelling
of
workplace
substances
Control
of
workplace
hazardous
substances
Occupational
health
and
First
Aid
in
the
workplace
Manual
handling
Videos:
• Head
over
heels
–
Safety
Image
Pty
Ltd.
(Part
of
the
Safety
Awareness
Video
Programmes)
• Slips,
trips
and
falls
–
Safety
care
services
• Hand
tools
safety
–
Vo-‐tech
training
services
• Safety
matter
OHS,
A
joint
approach
–
Workcover
corporation.