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Human are the most precious part of the organization. In the organization,
management. Management can get the result from the people in the
the quality, which a manager must possess. Not all leaders are managers
efficiently.
.
CONCEPT OF LEADERSHIP:
According to TENNENBAUM:
“Leadership is an interpersonal influence exercised in a situation and directed
goals.”
organization officially bestows upon a leader the power and authority to guide
others is called ‘leader’ and people guided and influenced are called
the followers. Off course, the situational variables also affect the
effectiveness of leadership.
4. There is a relationship between leaders and followers, which arises out of
goals. It happens when the leaders feel the importance of individuals and given
by them.
NATURE OF LEADERSHIP
nature of leadership.
reach the work place on time. The workers follow his behaviour and
to negative feelings, and hostility is developed between the leaders and his
relationship. The leader and followers interact on a particular subject and the
FOLLOWERS: leadership has followers. The link between a leader and his
must be others, who are being influenced to attain the objectives of the
objectives. The leaders who inspire people to solve their problems develop
situation, a leader can influence others. However, the qualities needed for
FUNCTIONS OF LEADERSHIP:
Leadership functions of a manager are closely related with managerial
the problems and grievance of his subordinates to the management, and helps
4. Managing time: One of the functions of the leader is to ensure the timely
completion of activities undertaken by his team members. He has to
5. Using proper power: Leader has to exercise his power and authority over
his subordinate as per the demand of the situation. Exercise of power
LEADERSHIP STYLES:
POWER ORIENTATION
leadership styles:
1. Autocratic leadership
2. Democratic leadership
3. Free-rein leadership
Autocratic leadership:
power in him. He structures the complete situation for his employees and they
do what they are told. Here the leadership may be negative because followers
are uninformed, insecure and afraid of the leader’s authority there are three
many situations. Some people like to work under strong authority structure and
they derive satisfaction by this leadership.
exposed before their subordinates. However, this cannot be used for a long
time.
The main advantages of autocratic techniques are as follows:
authority structure and strict decupling. They get satisfaction from this
style.
decision-making.
Democratic leadership:
taking the decision while in the case of latter, the superior preaches
participation in theory, but really he does not prefer it in practise. There are
They share the responsibility with the superior and try to safeguard him
also. As someone has remarked, ‘the follow in the boat with you never
organizational position.
this style is not free from certain limitations, which are as follows:
instead of encouraging.
3. Participation can be used covertly to manipulate employees. Thus, some
and democratic.
1. Consultative leadership: consultative leaders solicits opinions from group
before making a decision, yet they do not feel obliged to accept the
groups’ thinking; these leader make it clear that they alone have final
the group then do the consultative leaders. This style leads to considerable
delay in decision making because every member has to give his consent.
3. Democratic leadership: democratic leaders confer final authority on the
group. They function as collectors of opinion and take a vote before making
style is more relevant for communities’ activities then for work settings.
Free-rein leadership:
limitations for action and the entire process is left to subordinates. A group
member performs everything and the manager usually maintains context with
outside persons to bring the information and the materials, which the group
needs.
The type of style is suitable to certain situations where
the manager can leave a choice to his group. This helps the subordinates to
Use of authority by
the manager
Area of freedom
for subordinates
oriented behaviour in varying degrees. Their ‘ concerned for’ for phrase has
been used to convey how manager are concerned for people or production
rather than ‘how much production getting out of group. Concern for
The impoverished manager (1.1) this manager has low concern for both
production and people. He exerts the minimum efforts to get essential work
The country-club manager (1.9) this manager has high concern for people
but low concern f production. Good feelings towards followers are the
The authority obedience manager (9.1) this manager has more concern for
leadership.
The team manager (9.9) this manager has high concern for both production
and people.
concern for both production and people. Such manager goes along to get
5,5
organizational
man
management
1,1 9,1
Impoverished Authority-
Management obedience
Management
7
Concern 6
with
people 5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
concern for production or people and implies that the most desirable
leader’s behaviour is 9.9(maximum concern for production and people).
Leader needs to have sound health both mental and physical to be able
to bear the pulls and pressures of his role as leader. He must also possess
who influence other. There are millions with opinions but very few with
subordinates.
This enjoins upon us to put our heart and soul into the work, with single-
IMPOTANCE OF LEADERSHIP
Leadership is the process of committing a group of people to
secret chemicals that turns the insect pupa into a butterfly with all the
raising the level of human conduct and ethical aspiration of both the