Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
*Corresponding author: SAS SYNGAS, rue du camp daviation, 44320, Saint Viaud, France,
paul.gateau@syngas.eu
1. Introduction
SYNGAS produces prototype reforming
reactors [1,2] which convert hydrocarbons into
hydrogen by steam-reforming.
The process requires a heat exchange
between a hot fluid in contact with the wall of
the catalytic reformer and the mixture of
hydrocarbons and steam passing through the
reformer.
Figure 1 shows a monolithic metal
honeycomb used as a support for the catalyst. It
can be combined with a fin heat exchanger
(Figure 2).
Thoriz
Tvert
Flow
Ly
Ahoriz
Thoriz
(1)
(2)
tanh(mL y )
m=
mL y
2h
ks Ex
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
2 h'
ks Ey
m' =
' =
tanh(0.5m' D x )
0.5m' D x
(7)
(8)
m =
2h' F '
ks Ex
(9)
(10)
(11)
Ey
Py
Ex
Figure 5. 2D geometry
Geometry
Number of
channels
Px (mm)
Py (mm)
Ex=Ey
(mm)
Coefficient
h (W/m2/K)
Specific heat
transfer rate
(kW/m2)
COMSOL
Specific heat
transfer rate
(kW/m2)
fin model
a
10
b
10
c
5
d
10
e
5
f
1
189
95
74
95
132 79
112
108
86
108 144 89
116
Geometry
COMSOL
simplified
model
a
c
26% 7%
3% 6%
e
f
10% 4%
7% 26%
4. 3D modeling
The problem was studied for geometries a
and f. In both cases the fluid entered at 900C
and the upper heat exchanger surface was at
800C. For 10 channels (geometry a) the input
speed was 2.7 m/s. To have the same fluid flow
for each unit cross section the speed was
increased to 4.8 m/s at the input for geometry f.
.(k s T ) = 0
(13)
Cu.T = .(k f T )
(14)
2
3
(16)
5. 3D geometry
6. 3D COMSOL results
Number of
channels
Length of flow
Px (mm)
Py (mm)
Ex=Ey (mm)
Specific heat
transfer rate
(kW/m2)
COMSOL
Specific heat
transfer rate
(kW/m2)
fin model
10
10
10
50
1.30
1.30
0.1
16
25
1.3
1.30
0.1
24
10
1.30
1.30
0.1
38
25
2.3
12.0
1.0
36
54
71
86
50
7. Conclusions
9. References
1. Paul Gateau, Design of Reactors and Heat
Exchange Systems to Optimize a Reformer for a
Fuel Cell, COMSOL Conference Grenoble, 2007
2. Paul Gateau, Christian Hamon, Module and
Device
for
Catalytic
Reforming,
and
Manufacturing
Methods
Patent,
WO
2010/122077
3. Frank P. Incropera David P. DeWitt,
Introduction to Heat Transfer, John Wiley &
Sons, ISBN 0-471-30458-1
4. F. Cabannes, Modern heat-insulating
materials, Rev. Gn. Therm., n219, p181-182
(March 1980)
10. Acknowledgements
The COMSOL model was built by Patrick Namy
of SIMTEC.
The problem related to the Dirichlet and Neuman
boundary conditions was resolved by Nicolas
Huc of Comsol France.
The use and application of the fin derived model
was developed by Paul Gateau of SYNGAS.
The project was financed by SYNGAS.
emissivity
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
density
Subscripts
fluid flow
f
horiz horizontal plane at base of fins
vert vertical plane at base of half-fins
solid
s
x y axes