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C1 Promotional Examination
Higher 2
CANDIDATE
NAME
CT GROUP
12S
CHEMISTRY
9647/02
1 October 2012
1 h 10 min
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1)
Write your name and CT class clearly in the spaces at the top of this page.
2)
Paper 2
Paper 3
Multiple Choice
Structured
Free Response
TOTAL
Q1
/ 10 Q1
/ 20
Q2
/ 15 Q2
/ 20
Q3
/9
Q3
/ 20
Q4
/ 11
/ 25 Subtotal
/ 45
Subtotal
/ 40
110
2
Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.
1
The hydroxides of Group I metals (LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH) are highly corrosive
white solids which rapidly absorb water vapour on exposure to the atmosphere. All of these
solids dissolve exothermically in water. The enthalpy change of solution, Hsol, is the energy
change associated with the following reaction. M represents the Group I metal.
MOH (s) M+ (aq) + OH (aq)
The following diagram represents theoretical stages in the formation of aqueous MOH.
(a)
(i)
Express the enthalpy change of solution, Hsol , in terms of lattice energy and the
enthalpy change of hydration, Hhyd.
(ii)
Explain whether the lattice energy of Group I metal hydroxide becomes more or
less exothermic down the group.
(iii) Explain whether the enthalpy change of hydration of the ions, Hhyd, becomes
more or less exothermic down the group.
3
(iv) When comparing Group I metal hydroxides, changes in Hhyd are more significant
than changes in lattice energy.
Sketch your prediction in the trend of Hsol from LiOH to CsOH in the following
graph.
[4]
(b)
A student wants to conduct a simple experiment to determine the trend of the Hsol of
the Group I metal hydroxides by dissolving a small sample of solid hydroxide in water
and measuring the temperature change.
(i)
(ii)
4
(iii)
[5]
(c)
From the information given on Group I metal hydroxides, identify one possible source
of error in the experiment, apart from heat lost to the surroundings, and discuss its
impact on the value of the Hsol calculated.
..
..
[1]
[Total: 10]
5
2
H < 0
To study the kinetics of this reaction, two students carried out their own different sets of
experiments and obtained the following graphs.
(i)
Use Student A's graph to deduce the order of reaction with respect to propene.
(ii)
Explain why the half-life of propene in Student B's graph is not constant.
(iii) Given that the reaction is first order with respect to HCl, write the rate equation
for the reaction, in terms of partial pressures.
(iv)
6
(v)
Deduce the half-life of propene when the partial pressure of HCl is halved in
Student As experiment.
[5]
(b)
Describe the mechanism for the reaction between propene and HCl to produce
CH3CHClCH3.
[3]
(c)
Using relevant bond energy data from the Data Booklet, draw an energy cycle to
determine the enthalpy change of the reaction between propene and HCl.
[3]
2012 HCI C1 H2 Chemistry Promotional Examination / Paper 2
7
(d)
Hence, sketch the energy profile diagram of the reaction between propene and HCl.
Label the activation energy and enthalpy change of the reaction.
[2]
(e)
(f)
8
3
At high temperatures within the cylinders of a car engine, N2 and O2 can form NO, which
combines with more O2 to form NO2, a toxic pollutant that contributes to photochemical
smog. This process takes place according to the following steps:
(1)
(2)
(a)
(i)
Kc1 = 0.013
Kc2 = 7.0 105
Write the balanced equation for the overall reversible reaction, including state
symbols.
(ii)
Write the expression for the equilibrium constant for the overall reaction, Kc(overall),
including the units.
(iii)
Show that the expression for Kc(overall) is the product of the expressions of the
equilibrium constants Kc1 and Kc2.
(iv)
(v)
To increase the amount of NO2 obtained, the engineer doubled the amount of N2
and O2 added to the vessel.
State and explain how this change will affect the value of Kc(overall).
[7]
(b)
Orange street-lamps contain sodium with a small amount of neon. Light is produced
when the gaseous atoms are ionised in an electric field.
Ne (g) Ne+ (g) + e
Na (g) Na+ (g) + e
(i)
Explain the difference in the first ionisation energies of neon and sodium.
(ii)
When the lamps are switched on, they first emit a red glow characteristic of neon,
but after some time, the orange glow of sodium predominates.
Suggest why neon is ionised first even though its first ionisation energy is much
higher than that of sodium.
[2]
[Total: 9]
10
4
The benzene ring usually resists chemical oxidation but the process may be accomplished
microbiologically. The bacterium Pseudomonas putida in the presence of air rapidly converts
benzene into compound R.
R
(a)
Using the [O] notation for the oxidation of organic compounds, write a balanced
equation for this oxidation.
[1]
(b)
(c)
In the structure of compound R, the two OH groups are on the same side of the plane
of the ring, i.e. the OH groups are in a cis arrangement.
Compound S is a trans isomer of compound R.
Draw the structure of compound S, showing clearly the trans arrangement.
[1]
11
(d)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
[8]
[Total: 11]
End of Paper