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PAHANG
Diagram 12.1 shows a typical circuit on a household electrical
appliance that using a fuse.
Diagram 12.1
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
What is a fuse?
[ 1 mark ]
Explain the advantages o parallel circuit in a house wiring
system.
[ 4 marks ]
An immersion heater its specifications of 240V , 500 W is used
to boil water. The efficiency of that immersion heater is 85.
(i)
What is meant by 250 V, 500 W?
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) Calculate the electric current that passes through the
immersion heater.
[ 2 marks ]
(iii) Calculate the output power of the immersion heater.
[ 2 marks ]
Fuse takes some time to melt or blow. A fast-blowing fuse is
required to protect semiconductor equipments which cannot
stand high current surge for too long. When a fuse blows,
sparking may occur and produces high temperature. The fuse
wire is placed in a sheath or catridge as shown in Diagram 12.2
to prevent its sparks from causing damage.
PAHANG
(a) A fuse is a very thin wire, which either melts or vaporizes when
too much current flows through it
(b) - A parallel circuit can run several devices using the full
voltage of the supply.
- If one device fails, the others will continue running normally
- If the device shorts, the other devices will receive no voltage,
preventing overload damage.
- A failure of one component does not lead to the failure of the
other components.
- More components may be added in parallel without the need
for more voltage.
- Each electrical appliance in the circuit has it own switch.
(c) (i) The electrical appliance use 240 V of voltage to generates
500 W of power.
(ii) Current = Power/Voltage
Current = 500/240 = 2.08 A
(iii) Efficiency = Output Power x 100 %
Input Power
Output Power = 85 x 500
100
Output power = 425 W
(d)
Characteristics
Explanation
Thin fuse wire
Less space needed/ to carry a limited
electrical current/ less mass hence low
heat capacity/ shorter time to heat up to
melting point and blow.
Ceramic cartridge
Fuse rating is 13 A
Low melting point
R is chosen because
Diagram 12.1
Table 12.1 shows the specifications of five fuses tat can be
used to protect a semiconductor device.
Catridge
Rating Melting
Fuse Thickness
of fuse
Tye
point
wire
P
Medium
Rubber
10 A
Medium
Q
Thin
Glass
10 A
Low
R
Thin
Ceramic
13 A
Low
S
Thin
Plastic
10 A
High
T
Thick
Ceramic
13 A
Low
Table 12.1
Determine the most suitable fuse to protect a 240V , 2000 W
semiconductor material device. Study the specifications of all
five fuses based on the following aspects:
The thickness of wire
The rating of fuse
The catridge type
The melting point
Explain the suitability of the aspects and justify your choice.
[ 10 marks ]
KEDAH
KEDAH
Diagram 12.1
(a)
Diagram 12.2
(a)
(b)
(ii)
Metal
W
X
Y
Z
Melting
point
o
C
Speci
fic
heat
capac
ity
/
J kg1
1100
600
1100
700
900
900
240
240
Diameter
Resistivity
Big
Small
Big
Small
Low
High
Low
High
Table 12
500
240
= 2.08 A
Not suitable
500 x (10x60)
300 000 J
Kertas 3 Bahagian B
KELANTAN
SELANGOR
Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show two night market stalls which are
fixed with two identical bulbs that are connected to two identical car
batteries 12 V with different length of connecting wires. Both bulbs
bright up with different brightness.
SELANGOR
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(v)
(v)
(vii)
MRSM
Diagram 4.1 shows a lamp which lights up with normal brightness
when the dimmer knob is set at its minimum value.
Diagram 4.2 shows the lamp dimmer when the dimmer knob is set at
its maximum value.
Diagram 4.1
Diagram 4.2
Based on the information and observation:
(a)
State one suitable inference
(b)
State one suitable hypothesis
(c)
With the use of apparatus such as constantan wire ,
voltmeter and the other apparatus, describe an experiment
to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b).
MRSM
(a)
(b)
(c)
PERLIS
PERLIS
Diagram 4.1 shows Aminah ironing her school uniform. After the
iron is switched on for a while, there are still wrinkles on the
uniform.
Diagram 4.2 shows that the wrinkles are gone when the temperature
control knob as shown in figure 4.3 on the iron is turned.
(a)
(b)
(c)