LEE KIAN KEONG

STPM MATHEMATICS (T)

4: Complex Numbers

Complex Numbers
1. [STPM ]

Determine the value of a if

2 + ai
is a real number and find this real number.
1 + 2i

[4 marks]

[Answer : a = 2,
2. [STPM ]
If (x + iy)2 = i, find all the real values of x and y.

2]

[6 marks]

1
2

1
2

1
2

1
2

[Answer : x = , y = ; x = , y = ]
3. [STPM ]

The complex numbers z1 and z2 satisfy the equation z 2 = 2 2 3i.

(a) Express z1 and z2 in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers.

[6 marks]

(b) Represent z1 and z2 in an Argand diagram.

[1 marks]

(c) For each of z1 and z2 , find the modulus, and the argument in radians.

[4 marks]

[Answer : (a) z1 =

5
3 i, z2 = 3 + i ; (c) |z1 | = 2, |z2 | = 2 , arg(z1 )= , arg(z2 )= ]
6
6

4. [STPM ]

Let zl = 1, z2 = x + iy, z3 = y + ix, where x, y R, x > 0 and i = 1. If z1 , z2 , . . ., zn is a geometric

progression,
(a) find x and y,

[3 marks]

(b) express z2 and z3 in the polar form,

[2 marks]

(c) find the smallest positive integer n such that z1 + z2 + . . . + zn = 0,

[5 marks]

(d) find the product z1 z2 z3 . . . zn , for the value of n in (c).

[3 marks]

[Answer : (a) x =



1

3
, y = ; (b) z2 = cos
+ i sin
, z3 = cos + i sin ; (c) 12 ; (d) -1]
2
2
6
6
3
3

5. [STPM ]
Simplify
(a)

2(1 + 3i)
, where i = 1.
2
(1 3i)

[3 marks]

[Answer : (a)

13
9

i]
25
25

6. [STPM ]
If z = cos + i sin , show that

1
1
1
= (1 i tan ) and express
in a similar form.
1 + z2
2
1 z2
[Answer :

[4 marks]

1
(1 + i cot )]
2

7. [STPM ]
Find the roots of the equation (z i)3 = i3 , where is a real constant.
(a) Show that the points representing the roots of the above equation form an equilateral triangle.
3

(b) Solve the equation [z (1 + i)] = (2i) .

kkleemaths.com

[3 marks]
[2 marks]
[5 marks]

LEE KIAN KEONG

STPM MATHEMATICS (T)

4: Complex Numbers

(c) If is a root of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c R and a 6= 0, show that its conjugate is
also a root of this equation. Hence, obtain a polynomial equation of degree six with three of its roots also
the roots of the equation (z i)3 = i3 .
[5 marks]
[Answer : (1 + )i ,

3
1
3
1
+ ( )i ,
+ ( )i ; (b) 1+3i , 1 3 1 + 3 ; (c) x6 + 3x4 3x2 + 4 = 0]
2
2
2
2

8. [STPM ]
If z is a complex number such that |z| = 1, find the real part of

1
.
1z

[6 marks]

[Answer :

1
]
2

9. [STPM ]
The equation z 4 2z 3 + kz 2 18z + 45 = 0 has an imaginary root. Obtain all the roots of the equation and the
value of the real constant k.
[8 marks]
[Answer : Roots=1 2i, 1 + 2i, 3i, 3i , k = 14]
10. [STPM ]
(a) Find the roots of 4 = 16i, and sketch the roots on an Argand diagram.


[Answer : (a) 2 cos

4k 1
8

[5 marks]


+ i sin

4k 1
8

 
, k = 0, 1, 2, 3]

11. [STPM ]
(a) Find the fifth roots of unity in the form cos + i sin , where < .


[Answer : (a) cos

2k
5

[4 marks]


+ i sin

2k
5


, k = 2, 1, 0, 1, 2]

12. [STPM ]

The complex number z is such that z 2z = 3 3i, where z denotes the conjugate of z.
(a) Express z in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers.

[3 marks]

(b) Find the modulus and argument of z.

[3 marks]

(c) Represent z and its conjugate in an Argand diagram.

[3 marks]

[Answer : (a) z = 3 i ; (b) modulus=2, argument= ]

13. [STPM ]
Show that

1 + cos 2 + i sin 2
= i cot .
1 cos 2 i sin 2

[2 marks]

 

2
and cot
.
Hence, show that the roots of the equation (z + i)5 = (z i)5 are cot
5
5
 
 


2
2
Deduce the values of cot2
+ cot2
and cot2
cot2
.
5
5
5
5
14. [STPM ]
Given that z 2 =

2i
.
(1 + 3i)2
kkleemaths.com

[6 marks]

[4 marks]

LEE KIAN KEONG

STPM MATHEMATICS (T)

4: Complex Numbers

(a) Find the real and imaginary parts of z 2 . Hence, obtain z1 and z2 which satisfy the above equation.[10 marks]
(b) Given that z1 and z3 are roots of 5x2 + ax + b = 0, where a and b are integers.
i. Find the values of a and b.
ii. Determine z3 and deduce the relationship between z1 and z3 .
[Answer : (a) real part=

[3 marks]
[3 marks]

2
3
4
2
1
1
2
1
, imaginary part=
, z1 = i, z 2 = + i ; (b)(i) a = 4, b = 1 (ii) z3 = + i.
25
25
5
5
5
5
5
5
z3 is conjugate of z1 .]

15. [STPM ]
In an Argand diagram the points R and S represent the complex numbers w = u + iv and z = x + iy respectively
zi
.
which are related by w =
1 iz
(a) Express u and v in terms of x and y.

[3 marks]

[Answer : u =

x2

2x
x2 + y 2 1
,v = 2
]
+ 2y + 1
x + y 2 + 2y + 1

y2

16. [STPM ]

Express the complex number z = 1 3i in polar form.

1
1
Hence, find z 5 + 5 and z 5 5 .
z
z

[4 marks]
[4 marks]

 
 i 1025
1023 3
1023
1025 3
[Answer : 2 cos
+i
,
+
i,
+
i]
3
3
64
64
64
64
h

17. [STPM ]

The complex number z is given by z = 1 + 3i.

(a) Find |z| and arg z.
5

[3 marks]

(b) Using de Moivres theorem, show that z = 16 16 3i.

[3 marks]

(c) Express

z
in the form x + yi, where z is the conjugate of z and x, y R.
z

[3 marks]

[Answer : (a) 2,

; (c) 4 4 3i]
3

18. [STPM ]

Express the complex number 6 i 2 in polar form. Hence, solve the equation z 3 = 6 i 2.

[9 marks]

6
6

11
11
13
13

z = 2[cos(
) + i sin(
)], 2[cos(
) + i sin(
)], 2[cos( ) + i sin( )]]
18
18
18
18
18
18

[Answer : 2 2[cos( ) + i sin( )] ;

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