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The dynasty was empire that ruled the Deccan region of India. After fading away for some
time they revived they power back during the 10th century and ruled till 12th century.
Chalukyas the one who ruled from Badami were the Western Chalukyas, from Kalyani are
referred as Later Western Chalukyas and the Chalukyas one from Vengi are known to the
historiansastheEasternChalukyas.

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TheSocietyinChalukyanrulewasdividedintofourcasteslikeBrahmanas,Kshatriyas,VaishyasandSudras.Brahamanswere
very much busy doing works like priests, teachers and Religious propagators. Mostly the minister was Brahmans. The traders
weretheVaishyas.AndthefarmerwasunderthecastecalledSudras.AmongallofthemtheKshatriyasformedtherulingclass.
The caste system in Chalukyan rule was very much rigid and they were divided into subcastes also. Marriages between the
samegotraswasstrictlyprohibited.Intercastemarriagewasnotallowed.Mostlytheweddingswasarrangedbytheparentsand
sometime girls were given liberty to select the husband. Women secured great respect in the society and they could sacrifice
everythingforthesakeoftheprestige.

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Wheat, Barley, Rice, Meat and wine were the main sources of energy and diet for the people during this era. Sari, Shawl and
Kanchukiformedthemaindressofwomen.Dhoti,turbanswerewornbymen.Menandwomenbothwerefondofornaments.The
mainmeansofamusementforpeoplewasDancing,animalfights,DramasandWrestlingbutgamblingwasthemostfamousand
favorite past time among kings and royal families. Education in this age was usually connected with the religion. The centre of
educationwereTemplesinwhichBrahmansandJainacharyasimpartededucationtothestudents.DuringthereignofChalukyas
thereligionofShaivawasingreatprogress.InthisperiodthekingwascalledtheUmapativarlabdh.TempleofSivawasbuiltby
kings in this period. And even the broken temples of Somnath were also rebuilt. The construction of Eka Sahastraling Talaba
templebybuildingthefoursidesofthetemplewasalsodoneduringthisperiod.

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Administration
In Indian history, the history of Karnataka extends more than two thousand years. Many dynasties came to power during these
centuriesandChalukyasareoneofthegreatestofthese.TwiceintheIndianhistoryofKarnatakatheywereprominent.
PulakesinI
UnderJayasimhaandhissonRanaraga,Chalukyasruledfromabout535to566AD.Butthedynastyisknowntobefoundedby
the Maharaja PulakesinI. PulakesiI had given titles such as Satyasraya and was a scholar too. No conquests are credited to
him,butheisstatedtohaveruledfromBadami,thepresentdayBijapur.

Place

Gujarat/Karnataka(SouthernIndia)

Period

6thto8th&10thto12thcentury

Language

Kannada,Sanskrit

Religion

Hinduism,Jainism

Kings

PulakesiI,KirtivarmanII

KritivirmanI
KritivirmanI,thesonofPulakesinIascendedthethroneafterhim.Heconstructedmanytemplesandbuildingsinthetownof
Vatapi. The political influence of Chalukya dynasty spread over a wider region embracing southern part of Maharastra, Mysore
andTamilnadu.KritivirmanIdefeatedtherulersofVanga,Anga,Kalinga,Vattura,Magadha.
Mangalesa
Mangalesa, another son of Pulakesin I and the brother of KritivirmanI ascended the throne in 598 AD. Mangalesa conquered
and the whole of central and northern Maratha country was brought into the territory. The eventual civil war between Mangalesa
andhisnephewPulakesiIIcostMangalesahisownlife.
PulakesinII
PulakesinIIascendedthethronefrom610ADto642AD.Rulingreignwasnoteasyasthebedofrosesforhimvariousparts
ofChalukyasgotindependence.TheextremerebellionandthefrequentinvasionbyAppayikaandGovindawereatlastsubdued.
Pulakesin II made Gangas of south Mysore to submit and Mauryas of Konkan were defeated. As he conquered these he was
intocontactwithHarshaandagainin637ADHarshawasdefeatedwhenhehadinvadedKathiawad.PulakesinIIalsodefeated
PallavakingMahendraVarmanI,andcrossedtheCauveryriver.HemadefriendshipwiththeCholas,CherasandPandyas.As
Pallavaswerenottotallycrushed,theytookrevengeandattackedPulakesinII.Heappearstohavebeenkilledinthebattle,and
thenChalukyaEmpirebegantodecline.
The Chalukya dynasty is well known for developing and encouraging art and architecture during its era. The rulers during this
period were great enthusiasts of art. We get evidence from the fact that they built many temples near the region of Badami. A
famousattemptoftheirarchitectureistheVirupakshaTempleinKarnataka.Thesculpturesofthetemplesarebeautifullycarved
andsculptedandrepresentscenesfromthefamousepicRamayana.SomeofthepaintingsatAjantaandElloracavetemplealso
belongtothisperiod.

Pulakesin II was an admirer of art and always encouraged any art form to flourish in his
kingdom.Hewasalsofondofliteratureandencouragedpoetrytoflourishinthekingdom.The
famous poets of Kannada literature Adikavi Pampa, Sri Ponna and Ranna were in this era.
Thischalukyanrulerwasanableadministrator.BeingHindubyreligion,Pulakesinalsohada
belief in Buddhism as well as Jainism. He built monasteries in his kingdom that provided
sheltertoalmost5000monks.TheChalukyadynastywastrulyflourishingtillitdeclinedafter
the12thcentury.

VikramadityaI

PulakesinII death gave a way to take up the throne by VikramadityaI from 642 AD 655 AD. He
recoveredBadamiandbroughtthewholekingdomunderhiscontrol.

Vinayaditya
Vinayaditya ruled from 681 to 696 AD and battled against the Cholas, Pandyas, Pallavas, Aluvas. By defeating the Lord of the
entired Uttarapatha, he acquired the banner Palidhvaja. After him the successor Vijayaditya ruled for nearly 40 years (696 AD
733AD).
VikramadityaII
VikaramadityaII was a son of Vijayaditya. He ruled from 734 AD 745 AD. He defeated the Pallava king thus putting off the
continuinghostilities.Withthisconquest,hetookpossessionofmusicalinstruments,banners,elephants,rubieswhichbelonged
tothePallavas.HedestroyedthepoweroftheChola,Chera,andPandya.
KritivarmanII
The son of VikramadityaII, for the next eleven years KritivarmanII took over the kingdom and ruled. He was the last glorious
ruler of Chalukyas. Later for the further 50 years, the Chalukya power was totally eclipsed by the Rashtrakutas. The King
DantidurgadefeatedKritivarmanIItogainthecontrolofChalukyasonceforall.

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