1

Functions

1.1

Evaluating Functions

In what follows, let e(x) =

h(x) = 2x2 + x 1.

x2 + 2, f (x) = 2x2 2x + 2, g(x) = 3x2 + x 4 and let

1. Calculate the values of e, f , g and h for x = 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3

2. Plot the values of x and the corresponding values of e, f , g, and h.
3. For each of function, connect the plotted points to sketch the function.

1.2

Linear Functions

1. Find the equation of the line that goes through the points (1, 2) and (0, 5). Sketch a
graph of this line.
2. Find the equation of the line that goes through the points (3, 2) and (4, 5). Sketch a
graph of this line.
3. Find the equation of the line that goes through the points (6, 3) and (1, 4). Sketch a
graph of this line.
4. Find the equation of the line that goes through the points (5, 2) and (1, 5). Sketch
a graph of this line.
5. Find the equation of the line that goes through the points (1, 1) and (4, 15). Sketch a
graph of this line.
6. Find the equation of the line that goes through the points (1, 9) and (9, 2). Sketch a
graph of this line.
7. Find the equation of the line that goes through the points (7, 7) and (3, 3). Sketch a
graph of this line.

1.3

Solving Systems of Equations

For each of the following, find the values of x and y that solve the system of equations. First,
by graphing both of the equations, and second, using the substitution method.
x + 2y = 6
2x + 8y = 10

(1)

x + 4y = 6
4x + 3y = 4

(2)

x2 + 2 = 6
2x + 8y = 2

(3)

x+y = 2
2x + 3y = 4

(4)

2x + 2y = 5
3x + 6y = 12

(5)

5x + y = 14
y 2 6 = 10

(6)

x+y = 6
2x + 7y = 10

(7)

4x + 2y = 2
2x + 8y = 8

(8)

Simplification

For each of the following expressions, simplify completely:

1. x1/2 /y 2 x2
2. x4 y 4 x3 y 28
3. (xy 3 + 3x4 y + 4x2 y 2 + zx7 )/x2
4. (xy 3 + 3x4 y + 4x2 y 2 + zx7 )/(x2 + y 2 )
5. (3x2 + 4y 3 )/(3x + 4y)
6. (x1/3 y 5/7 z 9/2 )/x7/5 y 4/3 z 1/3
7. x3 y 2 /x4 y

Differentiation

For each of the following, calculate f 0 (x), the derivative of the function with respect to x.
1. f (x) = 5
2. f (x) = 3x + 5
2

3. f (x) = 3x + 5x2
4. f (x) = 3x3 + ln(2x)
5. f (x) = 100x3 + x2 + 14x + 3
6. f (x) = (3x2 + 5)2
7. f (x) = ln(((2x2 + 5)3 ))
p
8. f (x) = ((2x2 + 7)4 + 1)
9. f (x) = (ln x)(x + 4)2
10. f (x) = (x + 3)2 /(x3 + 2x2 )

11. f (x) = 3 4x3 + 2x2

For each of the following functions, determine whether each function has a minimum or
maximum, provide the value of x that achieves the minimum, and the minimized value of
the function.
1. f (x) = 4x2 + 1
2. f (x) = x3 4
3. f (x) = 4 ln(2x)
4. f (x) = 4x2 + 3x + 1
5. f (x) = (1/3)x3 x
6. f (x) = (x2 x)2

Functions of Two Variables

For each of the following functions, sketch the level curves C = f (x, y) when C = 1, 2, 3, on
a graph with x on the horizontal axis and y on the vertical axis.
1. f (x, y) = xy
2. f (x, y) = x y
3. f (x, y) = min(2x, y)
4. f (x, y) = max(x, .5y)
5. f (x, y) = x + 2y

6. f (x, y) = xy
p
7. f (x, y) = x2 y
3

Partial Derivatives

For each of the following functions, f (x, y), calculate the partial derivative with respect to
x, fx (x, y), and the partial derivative with respect to y, fy (x, y).
1. f (x, y) = xy
2. f (x, y) = x y
3. f (x, y) = x + 2y

4. f (x, y) = xy
p
5. f (x, y) = x2 y
6. f (x, y) = x2 y
7. f (x, y) = xy 2
8. f (x, y) = (xy)1/3
9. f (x, y) = x2 y 2 x3 y + xy 2 + 3xy 6 14x + 5y
10. f (x, y) = (x2 + y 2 )4

11. f (x, y) = 2x 7y

Constrained Optimization

Solve the following problem using both the substitution method and the Lagrangian method.
Verify that the answers are the same.
max U (b, c) = b + 100c c2
b,c

subject to:
b + 4c = 10