DAILY LESSON PLAN

Class
Date
Time
Venue
Attendance

403
31 July 2013
07.40 08.50
Class

Topic / Theme:

Mathematical Reasoning

Learning
Objectives:

Students will be taught to :

1. Understand the concept of implication.
2. Understand the concept of argument.
3. Understand and use the concept of deduction and induction to solve problem.

Learning
Outcomes:

Students should be able to :

i.
Identify antecedent and consequent of an implication if p then q.
ii.
Construct mathematical statements in the form of if p then q.
iii.
Write two implications from a compound statement containing if and only if.
iv.
Construct mathematical statements in the form of p if and only if q.
v.
Determine the converse of a given implication.
vi.
Determine whether the converse of an implication is true or false.
vii.
Identify the premises and conclusion of a given simple argument.
viii. Draw a conclusion based on two given premises and vice versa.
ix.
Make a conclusion based on two given premises for Argument Form I, Argument Form II, and Argument Form III.
x.
Complete an argument given a premise and the conclusion.
xi.
Determine whether a conclusion is made through reasoning by deduction and reasoning by induction.
xii.
Make a conclusion about a specific case based on a given general statement by deduction.
xiii. Make generalisation based on the pattern of a numerical sequence by induction.
xiv.
Use deduction in problem solving.

Activities:
STEPS

T&L ACTIVITIES
A.
1.
2.
3.

FORMATIVE
EVALUATION

NOTES

Opening Activities
Teacher enters to class on time.
Teacher greets and prepares the lesson.
Teacher prepares physically condition
of students in order to ready for joining
learning process.
a. Teacher checks the attendance list.
b. Teacher asks students to prepare the

4.

tools which are used for learning.

Teacher delivers the title of main
material which want to be explained

5.

and writes on the white board.

Teacher
delivers
the
learning

6.

objectives.
Teacher motivates students.

B. Core Activities
1. Teacher gives the important point about
the materials which have discussed
before.
a) Implication
Example : If x> 4 then x2> 16.
Hence x> 4 is antecedent and x2>
16 is consequence.
From the example, we can make the

TEACHING
AIDS
- Marker
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- Book
and Pen

converse of implication is If x 2> 16

then x> 4.
If we want to prove that an
implication is false. We must give at
least one example that it is false.
Example :
If x2> 16 then x> 4. Take x 2= 25 ,
hence x = 5 or x = -5. So when we
have x = -5 , x< 4. Therefore it is
false.
p
q
True True
True False
False True
False False

pq
True
False
True
True

b) If and only if
It is came from two implication
which antecedent and consequence
are conversely.
p q and q p p q
For proving the truth value of this
kind of statement , we must prove
the truth value of p q and q p
p
q
pq
True True
True
True False
False
False True
False
False False
True

2. Teacher gives some exercises in book

to students. When there is no students
who wants to do it in front of class.
Teacher

has

prepared

lottery

for

choosing student.

C. Closing Activity
1. Students and teacher
conclusion

make

together. Then,

the

choose

some students for presenting it.

2. Students are given motivation to learn
again the material and always share
when there is any difficulties.
3. Do the reflection about the activity
which has done.

c) Argument
Consists
of
premises
and
conclusion
while
we
make
conclusion from premises.
The ways for making conclusion
based on following argument form.
Argument Form I
Premise 1: All A are B.
Premise 2: C is A.
Conclusion: C is B.
Argument Form II:
Premise 1: If p, then q.
Premise 2: p is true.
Conclusion: q is true.
Argument Form III:
Premise 1: If p, then q.
Premise 2: Not q is true.
Conclusion: Not p is true.
d) Deductive and inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning means that
solving a problem from a general
formula.
Example : A polygon with n sides
can be divided into (n-2) triangle.
So when we have hexagon we gen
divide it into (6-2) triangle that is 3
triangles.
Inductive reasoning means that
finding a general formula from a
specific cases.
Example :
1, 2, 3, 4, ... . For finding the next
term, we can determine by using

4. Teacher

presents

about

the

next

formula n + 1.
3, 7, 11, 15
3 = 4(1) 1
7 = 4 (2) 1
11 = 4 (3) 1
15 = 4(4) 1
Hence the general formula for
determining the next term is 4n 1,
n is natural number.

meeting.
5. Teacher closes the lesson punctually.

I want you to do one by one problems from

book as follows:
Page 87 number g, Page 91 number a and
d, Page 93 d and h, Page 94 number g,
Page 96 number 1 i, and 2 d, Page 97
number g, Page 99 number 1c, 2a, and 2d,
Page 101 number b, e, and h, Page 103
number f and g, Page 105 number 4, Page
107 number b, Page 111 number 3b i, 3b ii
4bi, 4b ii, 4b iii, 6, 7b.
Language Focus:

Malay, English

Pedagogy:
Contextual

Multiple Intelligent

Mastery learning
Future study

Learning how to learn

Thinking skill
Technique
Group work
Discussion
Experiment

Simulation
Lecture
Reference

Inquiry -Discovery
(ID)
Self excess
Constructivism
Finding information
Watching TV
Role play

Quiz
A visit
Problem solving

Brain storm

Exercise

Values:
Confident &
independent
Rational
Fair and impartial
Flexible and openminded
Moderate
Respect each other
Courteous
Reflection:

Remarks:

Taking note
cooperative learning
Teaching aids
Information
communication
technology (ICT)
OHP machine

Kind & loving

Responsible
Hardworking & patient
Community spirit

Patriotism
clean physical & mental

Explanation
Demonstration
Teaching using
module
Research

Project

Honest

Cooperative
Systematic
Dare to try
Objective
Appreciating &
Thankful