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Volume Flow and Temperature Rise in Pumps

Calculate temperature rise in pumps
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No pump is perfect with 100% efficiency. The energy lost in friction and hydraulic losses are transformed to heat - heating up the fluid transported
through the pump.

The temperature rise can be calculated as

dt = Ps (1 - ) / (cp q ) (1)
where
dt = temperature rise in the pump (oC)
q = volume flow through the pump (m 3/s)
Ps = brake power (kW)
cp = specific heat capacity of the fluid (kJ/kgoC)
= pump efficiency
= fluid density (kg/m 3)
Typical relation between the centrifugal pump flow, efficiency and power consumption, is indicated in the figure below:

Example - Temperature rise in water pump

The temperature rise in a water pump working at normal conditions with flow 6 m 3/h (0.0017 m 3/s), brake power 0.11 kW and pump efficiency of 28%
(0.28), can be calculated as
dt = (0.11 kW) (1 - 0.28) / ((4.2 kJ/kgoC) (0.0017 m 3/s) (1000 kg/m 3))
= 0.011 oC
If the flow of the pump is reduced by throttling the discharge valve, the temperature rise through the pump will increase. If the flow is reduced to 2
m 3/h (0.00056 m 3/s), the brake power is slightly reduced to 0.095 kW and pump efficiency reduced to 15% (0.15), the temperature rise can be calculated
as
dt = (0.095 kW) (1 - 0.15) / ((4.2 kJ/kgoC) (0.00056 m 3/s) (1000 kg/m 3))
= 0.035 oC
With the standard documentation provided by a manufacturer it should be possible to express the temperature rise as a function of volume flow as
shown in the figure below:

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Related Topics
Pumps - Piping systems and pumps - centrifugal pumps, displacement pumps - cavitation, viscosity, head and pressure, power
consumption and more

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Discharge Regulation of Centrifugal Pumps - Adapting pump capacities to process demand
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curve and the pump performance curve
Classifications of Pumps - Selecting between Centrifugal Pumps and Positive Displacement Pumps
Pumps, Fans and Turbines - Horsepower - Definition of British Horse Power for pumps, fans and turbines - how to convert to other
common units
Pump Power Calculator - Calculate pump hydraulic and shaft power?
Centrifugal Pumps - An introduction to Centrifugal Pumps
Best Efficiency Point - BEP - Maximum designed pump efficiency

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