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Pumps in Parallel or Serial Connection


For pumps in serial - add head, for pumps in parallel - add flowrates
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Pumps can be arranged in serial or parallel to provide an additional head or flow rate capacity.

Pumps in Serial - Head Added


When two (or more) pumps are arranged in serial their resulting pump performance curve is obtained by adding theirheads at the same flow rate as
indicated in the figure below.

Centrifugal pumps in series are used to overcome larger system head loss than one pump can handle alone.
for two identical pumps in series the head will be twice the head of a single pump at the same flow rate - as indicated in point 2.
With a constant flowrate the combined head moves from 1 to 2.
Note! In practice the combined head and flow rate moves along the system curve to point 3.
point 3 is where the system operates with both pumps running
point 1 is where the system operates with one pump running
Series operation of single stage pumps is seldom encountered - more often multistage centrifugal pumps are used.

Pumps in Parallel - Flow Rate Added


When two or more pumps are arranged in parallel their resulting performance curve is obtained by adding their flowrates at the same headas
indicated in the figure below.

Centrifugal pumps in parallel are used to overcome larger volume flows than one pump can handle alone.
fortwo identical pumps in parallel, and the head is kept constant, the flowrate doubles as indicated with point 2 compared to a single pump
Note! In practice the combined head and volume flow moves along the system curve as indicated from 1 to 3.
point 3 is where the system operates with both pumps running
point 1 is where the system operates with one pump running
In practice, if one of the pumps in parallel or series stops, the operation point moves along the system resistance curve from point 3 to point 1 - the
head and flow rate are decreased.
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Related Topics
Pumps - Piping systems and pumps - centrifugal pumps, displacement pumps - cavitation, viscosity, head and pressure, power
consumption and more

Related Documents
Static Pressure and Pressure Head in Fluids - Static pressure and pressure head
Pipes in Series and Parallel - Pressure loss in pipes in series and parallel
System Curve and Pump Performance Curve - To select a proper pump for a particular application it is necessary to utilize the system
curve and the pump performance curve
Centrifugal Pumps - An introduction to Centrifugal Pumps
Alternating Pumps - Secure the system and achieve equal wear by alternate pumps in parallel

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