Overview of AMC in LTE

Gwanmo Ku
Adaptive Signal Processing and Information Theory Research Group

Jun. 15, 2012

Outline
2/17

LTE Basic
Why LTE
LTE Network / Resources / Frame Structure
LTE in US (Verizon)

AMC in LTE
Why AMC?

Channel Condition : CQI Reporting

MCS associated with CQI

References

2/11

LTE Basic

Why LTE?
4/17

Continuity of
Competitiveness
of 3G System

Higher Data Rate

QoS

Packet Switch
Optimized System

LTE
High Spectral Efficiency
Very Low Latency

Support of Variable Bandwidth

(Reference: http://www.3gpp.org/LTE)

LTE Network
5/17

LTE Network

Internet

* EPC : Evolved Packet Core

* E-UTRAN : Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
* UE : User Equipment
* eNB : evolved Node B

LTE Resource (Unit)

6/17

Physical Resource Block (PRB)

The Smallest User Assignment Resource Unit (12 Sub-carriers)
Frequency
(#Subcarriers)

180 KHz
(12 Sub-carriers)

PRB

0.5 ms
(6 or 7)

Time
(# Symbols)

LTE Resource (Parameters)

7/17

DL/UL Parameters
System BW [MHz]

1.4

10

15

20

# Resource Blocks

15

25

50

75

100

2048

FFT Size
= .

4096*
12

# Subcarriers per RB
= .
=

72

180

24*

300

600

900

1200

# Used Subcarriers
= .

Sampling Rate [MHz]

2400*
30.72

Subcarrier Spacing = 15 UL/DL, = 7.5 DL only

Parameters used by Verizon in US
(Reference : 3GPP TS 36.101 V8.15.0 (2011-09))

LTE Frame Structure

8/17

Frame Structure Type 1 : FDD

Frame Structure Type 2 : TDD

5ms
Switch

10ms
Switch

(Reference : 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.9.0 (2009-12))

LTE Service in US (Verizon)

9/17

LTE Operating Band (Verizon)

FDD Uplink

FDD Downlink
E-UTRA LTE Band

700
MHz

699

716

729

746

800

750

756

758

768

Band 13

777

787

788

Band 13

757

776

Verizon LTE Plan in US

FCC Upper 700 MHz Block C
FCC Band in US

BW 10 MHz, 600 Sub-carriers (50 PRBs)

798

2/11

Adaptive Modulation & Coding

Why AMC?
11/17

Needs in Communication
System Throughput

User Data Rate

User Low BER

Resource Assignment
Adaptive Modulation & Coding

Higher Order Modulation

Larger TBS

Lower Order Modulation

AMC
&
RM

Adaptive Modulation & Coding

12/17

Modulation Order & BER (without channel coding)

Better Throughput / Data Rate

Bad BER
BPSK

QPSK

16QAM

64QAM

Channel Coding : Better BER

Rate Change by Rate Matching
Better Data Rate

Channel Condition
13/17

CQI Reporting Process

UE

DL Reference Signals

4 bit CQI
Indexing

CQI Reporting

Scheduling Information
- Allocated Bands
- MCS / TBS

eNB

CQI Table
14/17

4-bit CQI Table

CQI

Modulation

Spectral Efficiency

Spectral Efficiency
Throughput

Out of Range

0.1523

0.2344

QPSK

0.3770

0.6016

0.8770

1.1758

1.4766

16 QAM

1.9141

2.4063

10

2.7305

11

3.3223

12

3.9023
64 QAM

13

4.5234

14

5.1152

15

5.5547

= ()
= log 2 1 + [bps/Hz]
: Practical Attenuation Factor

MCS associated with CQI

15/17

5-bit MCS
MCS

CQI

Modulation

1
2

3
4

Spectral Efficiency

MCS

0.2344

16

0.3057

17

0.3770

18

0.4893

19

0.6016

20

0.7393

21

0.8770

22

CQI

Modulation

Spectral Efficiency

16QAM

2.5684
2.5684

10

2.7305
3.0264

11

3.3223

QPSK
5
6

3.6123

12

3.9023

64 QAM
7

1.0264

23

1.1758

24

1.3262

25

10

1.3262

26

1.4766

27

1.6953

28

1.9141

29

QPSK

2.1602

30

16QAM

2.4063

31

64QAM

11

12

4.2128

13

4.5234
4.8193

14

5.1152
5.3349

15

5.5547

16 QAM
13

14
15

Reserved

2/11

References

References
17/17

LTE related Webpages

http://www.3gpp.org

: 3GPP Standard Web

http://www.fcc.gov/

: FCC

http://wireless.fcc.gov/uls/

: FCC Band License Search

LTE Standard Docs.

http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/latest/Rel-8/36_series/