6.

0 CONTROLLING
6.1 Four types of control :
6.1.1 Pre-action Feed-forward Preliminary Control
Controlling is done at the input level of production which concentrates on the resoures
financial, material, human, and information. Attempts to monitor the quality or quantity
of these resources are made before they enter the organizations and before the start of
production and service delivery activities.
The purpose is to anticipate potential problems and prevent them from occurring. This
type of control sometimes is called preventive control because its objective is to prevent
problems at the input levels before going through the information process.

6.1.2

Steering Control
Focus on meeting standards for product or service quality or quantity and what occurs
during the work process or the transformation process. The primary goal in steering
control is to spot problems as they develop and take corrective action before final results
are achieved.
An example is an operator in a car manufacturing company found any bad quality
materials during early stage of production activity, such as during assembled the engine
to the appropriate slot will take it out from the production lin ebeforre any reject product
produced at the end.

6.1.3

Screening Control
Screening control relies heavily on facebook processes. It is done through specify check
points that must be successfully passed before an activity proceeds futher. Before

proceeding to the next sequence, an activity, product or service must be approved to meet
specific conditions. This control method also recognized as yes or no control.
As an example is an operator in the car manufacturing company will run the test drive for
the completed assembled car to ensure it can perform as stated in the specification and
meet the required standard. If the car failed to perform, then the operator needed to
inspect and determine the error to be corrected ( rework ). Rework need to go through
several stages, certainly it will involve a large amount of money.
6.1.4

Post Action Control

Post action control focuses on the outputs of the organization after the transformation
process is complete. It is known as corrective control. It attempts to measure the results
of certain actions. If there are problems, corrective action is undertaken and applied to
future activities.
For examples, when the car manufacturing company found that their car had some
defects problem ( such as PROTON Savvy on early 20078 ), they will call the car owner
( customer ) from the market to send their car to the PROTON Service Centre and will be
given free services and component replacement. Another example is when the waiter of a
restaurant asking you, how was your meal after you have eaten.

6.2 Examples of the controlling activities that take place in any of the firm department.
6.2.1 Managing Director
Planned performance :
- Responsible for the daily business of the company
- Represent the company
- Conclude contracts in the name of the company
- Represent the company in court
Actual performance :
- The diligence of a prudent businessman in the conduct of the companys affairs
- Cooperate in a spirit of good faith with the other managing directors
- violates his obligations towards the company
Correction action being taken :

6.2.2

Administration Manager
Planned performance :
- Supports operations by supervising staff; planning, organizing, and implementing
administrative systems.
Actual performance :
- Maintains administrative staff by recruiting, selecting, orienting, and training
employees; maintaining a safe and secure work environment; developing personal

6.2.3

growth opportunities.
Correction action being taken :
- Contributes to team effort by accomplishing related results as needed.

Accounting Manager
Planned performance :
- Establishes financial status by developing and implementing systems for collecting,
analyzing, verifying, and reporting financial information; managing staff.
Actual performance :
- Accomplishes accounting human resource objectives by recruiting, selecting,
orienting, training, assigning, scheduling, coaching, counseling, and disciplining
employees; communicating job expectations; planning, monitoring, appraising, and
reviewing job contributions; planning and reviewing compensation actions; enforcing

6.2.4

policies and procedures.

Correction action being taken :
- Protects organization's value by keeping information confidential.

Production Manager

6.2.5

Planned performance :
- They ensure that goods and services are produced efficiently and that the correct
amount is produced at the right cost and level of quality.
Actual performance :
- Overseeing the production process, drawing up a production schedule.
- Making sure that products are produced on time and are of good quality.
Correction action being taken :
- Reviewing worker performance.
- Identifying training needs.

Marketing and Claims Manager

Planned performance :
- Accomplishes business development activities by researching and developing
marketing opportunities and plans; implementing sales plans; managing staff.
Actual performance :
- Achieves marketing and sales operational objectives by contributing marketing and
sales information and recommendations to strategic plans and reviews
- Preparing and completing action plans
- Implementing production, productivity, quality, and customer-service standards
- Resolving problems
- Completing audits
- Identifying trends
- Determining system improvements
- Implementing change.
Correction action being taken :
- Updates job knowledge by participating in educational opportunities
- Reading professional publications
- Maintaining personal networks
- Participating in professional organizations.

6.2.6

Design and Development Manager

Planned performance :
- Builds market position by locating, developing, defining, negotiating, and closing
business relationships.
Actual performance :
- Identifies trendsetter ideas by researching industry and related events, publications,
and announcements; tracking individual contributors and their accomplishments.
- Locates or proposes potential business deals by contacting potential partners
- Discovering and exploring opportunities.
Correction action being taken :
- Protects organization's value by keeping information confidential.
- Updates job knowledge by participating in educational opportunities
- Reading professional publications
- Maintaining personal networks
- Participating in professional organizations.