CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines

ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

SENSE OF SELF EFFICACY DISCERNMENT OF

CELTECH COLLEGE PROFESSORS

By
Jhessie L. Abella, RN, RM, MAN

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

According to Albert Bandura, self-efficacy is "the belief in ones capabilities to organize and execute the
courses of action required to manage prospective situations." In other words, self-efficacy is a persons
belief in his or her ability to succeed in a particular situation. Bandura described these beliefs as
determinants of how people think, behave, and feel (1994). According to Bandura, a persons attitudes,
abilities, and cognitive skills comprise what is known as the self-system. This system plays a major role
in how we perceive situations and how we behave in response to different situations. Self-efficacy plays
an essential part of this self-system.

Virtually all people can identify goals they want to accomplish, things they would like to change, and
things they would like to achieve. However, most people also realize that putting these plans into action is
not quite so simple. Bandura and others have found that an individuals self-efficacy plays a major role in
how goals, tasks, and challenges are approached. They believed that people exhibiting high sense of
efficacy can view challenging problems as task to be mastered and might even develop a strong sense of
commitment to any activities and interest. While on the other hand people with low sense of efficacy
avoids challenging task and has a low sense of confidence thereby focusing on their negative outcomes.
The ability of human beings to influence their environment is strongly linked with belief in their ability to
bring about change. Albert Bandura, the social psychologist who devised the construct of self efficacy,
states, Peoples level of motivation, affective states, and actions are based more on what they believe
than on what is objectively the case (1991, p. 2). An individual with a high degree of self-efficacy makes
judgments about his or her capacity to achieve a certain level of performance. A teachers sense of
efficacy may influence their emotive state, their goal setting and their persistence (Ashton and Webb,
1986) since the complex nature of teaching requires that an individual feel a personal power that
transcends methodology (Vinson, 1994).
Self-efficacy as a teacher, on the other hand, is a powerful predictor of how and whether a teacher will
act. Teacher self-efficacy is the belief that one is capable of exercising personal control over one's
behaviour, thinking, and emotions. Effective teachers believe that they can make a difference in children's
lives, and they teach in ways that demonstrate this belief. What teachers' believe about their capability is a
strong predictor of teacher effectiveness. People who hold strong self-efficacy beliefs tend to be more
satisfied with their job (Trentham, Silvern, & Brogdon, 1985) they also tend to demonstrate more
commitment (Trentham, et al. 1985), and have lower absenteeism (McDonald & Siegall, 1993).
On the other hand teachers who have high self-efficacy, tend to persist in failure situations (Gibson &
Dembo, 1984)moreover they also take more risks with the curriculum (Guskey, 1988), use new teaching
approaches (Gibson & Dembo, 1984), get better gains in children's achievement (Brookover et al.
1979)and lastly they have more motivated students (Midgely et al. 1989).

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Theoretical Framework
Albert Bandura's theory of self-efficacy has important implications with regard to
motivation. Bandura's basic principle is that people are likely to engage in activities to the
extent that they perceive themselves to be competent at those activities. With regard to
education, this means that learners will be more likely to attempt, to persevere, and to be
successful at tasks at which they have a sense of efficacy. When learners fail, this may
occur because they lack the skills to succeed or because they have the skills but lack the
sense of efficacy to use these skills well.
Bandura (1989) has identified factors that are likely to reduce students' feelings of
positive self-efficacy. First is the lock-step sequence of instruction that may cause some
children to get lost along the way. Second are the ability groupings that further diminish
the self-efficacy of those in lower ranks, and competitive practices in which many
students are doomed to failure from the start.
Bandura suggests that one of the most important aspects of self-efficacy is the
person's perception of self-regulatory efficacy. In other words, students will learn better if
they believe that they are good at managing their thinking strategies in a productive
manner. While it is important to enhance the self-efficacy of the learners themselves, selfefficacy theory also has important implications for other agents in the instructional
process Bandura (1997) points out that different schools and departments are likely to
have varied perceptions of their collective self-efficacy. School staff members who
collectively judge themselves as having high self-efficacy are likely to provide an

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

environment that will promote similar feelings and high levels of productivity among
their students.

Conceptual Framework

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Level of Instructors
Self Efficacy
2.1 Efficacy to Influence
Decision Making;
2.2 Efficacy to Influence
School Resources;
2.3 Instructional Self
Efficacy;
2.4 Disciplinary Self
Efficacy;
2.5 Efficacy to Enlist
Parental Involvement;
2.6 Efficacy to Enlist
Community Involvement
and
2.7 Efficacy in Creating
Positive School Climate.

Profile of the respondents

1. 1 Age;
1.2 Sex;
1.3 Years of Service in the
Academe;
1.4 Rank or Position;
1.5 Employment Status;
1.6 Religion;
1.7 Highest Educational
Level;
1.8 Monthly Salary;

Figure 1
Conceptual Paradigm

Statement of the Problem

This undertaking aims to unlock the CELTECH College professors
judgment of their self efficacy as applied in their practice in the academe. Their
perception about self efficacy in several areas will be presented and assessed in this study.

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Specifically this study aims to answer the following questions.

1. What is the profile of the CELTECH College professors in terms of;
1. 1 Age;
1.2 Sex;
1.3 Years of Service in the Academe;
1.4 Rank or Position;
1.5 Employment Status;
1.6 Religion;
1.7 Highest Educational Level;
1.8 Monthly Salary;
2. How may the respondents describe their self efficacy in terms of;
2.1 Efficacy to Influence Decision Making;
2.2 Efficacy to Influence School Resources;
2.3 Instructional Self Efficacy;
2.4 Disciplinary Self Efficacy;
2.5 Efficacy to Enlist Parental Involvement;
2.6 Efficacy to Enlist Community Involvement and
2.7 Efficacy in Creating Positive School Climate?
3. Is there a significant relationship between the respondents self efficacy and their
profile?

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Hypothesis
1. There a significant relationship between the respondents self efficacy and their profile.

Significance of the Study

Self efficacy is the defined as the belief in ones capabilities to organize
and execute the actions required to manage a perspective situations. This current
undertaking would like to look into the work spectrum of teachers and define their self
efficacy perception in relation to their competence to influence students and the
institution where they are working.
The College Administrators will benefit from this study in a way that
this will inform them of their instructors view of themselves as an effective classroom
educational leader. This study also tends to measure the motivation of the instructors in
influencing their students. Thus, the management may utilize the findings to spearhead a
professional development program among instructor to intensify their commitment to
continuous self motivation so that they may reflect it to their own practice as instructors.

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

This study will bring awareness among instructors about the importance
of motivation and influence towards their students. The findings will provide data that
will support the perception of instructors regarding the degree of how they influence their
students, the organization and the community. This study will also create a magnitude of
change in several array of like the instructional strategies, classroom management and
efficacy for students engagement.
The instructor serves as the motivating agent among students. If the
instructors are motivated the students themselves will be strongly motivated to perform
better in classroom instruction. The utilization of the study findings will allow the
instructors to be strongly motivated. Thus the sole recipient of service will also be
strongly motivated in return. Therefore this will create a student that have a high degree
of effort in order to meet their commitments and are likely to achieve their personal
goals.
Scope and Delimitation
This study focused on the instructors discernment of their efficacy as a
member of the Celtech College institution and as a faculty. The respondents of this study
will cover all the par time and full time teaching personnel of the college. They will be
universally chosen as the study respondents. The results of the study will be utilized to
further enhance or create a positive sense among the members of the faculty. Through
program development that aims to address the findings this will definitely motivate the
instructors to practice a positive sense which will thereby affect their service rendition.

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

The researcher considered working on this study because in this difficult

time in the academic environment it is supposed that positive sense of efficacy is very
vital in attaining the institutional vision, mission and goal. This study focused on
determining the judgment of the respondents on the following aspect; Disciplinary Self
Efficacy, Efficacy in Creating Positive School Climate, Efficacy to Enlist Community
Involvement, Efficacy to Enlist Parental Involvement, Efficacy to Influence Decision
Making, Efficacy to Influence School Resources and Instructional Self Efficacy.

Definition of Terms
To provide the readers a clear and better understanding of the terms that
will be used in this study. The researcher will define the terms operationally and
conceptually.
Disciplinary Self Efficacy this refers to the instructors belief of their success in
controlling classroom behavior of their students. This also translates to the instructors
belief of influence to change and manage students behavior.

Efficacy in Creating Positive School Climate this refers to the instructors ones ability to
succeed in making an environment that is conducive to teaching and learning process.

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Efficacy to Enlist Community Involvement this refers to the instructors perception of

their own ability to influence the community to get involve in working with the school

Efficacy to Enlist Parental Involvement this refers to the instructors ability to affect
the parents involvement any school activities and social responsibility

Efficacy to Influence Decision Making this refers to the ability of the instructors to
positively influence others to make decision

Efficacy to Influence School Resources this refers to the instructors capability to

organize and execute effective influence on the school resources

Instructional Self Efficacy this refers to the instructors capability to execute effective
strategies in educating students

Self Efficacy According to Albert Bandura, self-efficacy is the belief in ones capabilities
to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations.
In other words, self-efficacy is a persons belief in his or her ability to succeed in a
particular situation. Bandura described these beliefs as determinants of how people think,
behave, and feel (1994).

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Method
Research Design
Research is basically done for knowledge enhancement. The main
motivation is to expand man's knowledge, not to create or invent something. This current
knowledge filled undertaking will utilize a descriptive type of research.
Descriptive research is also called Statistical Research. The main goal of
this type of research is to describe the data and characteristics about what is being
studied. The idea behind this type of research is to study frequencies, averages, and other
statistical calculations. Although this research is highly accurate, it does not gather the
causes behind a situation. Descriptive research is mainly done when a researcher wants to
gain a better understanding of a topic for example, a frozen ready meals company learns
that there is a growing demand for fresh ready meals but doesn't know much about the
area of fresh food and so has to carry out research in order to gain a better understanding.
It is quantitative and uses surveys and panels and also the use of probability sampling.
Descriptive research is the exploration of the existing certain phenomena. The details of
the facts wont be known. The existing phenomena are not known to the persons. (Anto,
2014)
Selection of Subjects

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855
Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

ISO 9001:2008 Certified

This study will cover the full time and part time instructors, head or dean
of different colleges employed. This study will cover all instructor to better asses their
sense of self efficacy. A total of 50 instructors will be part of this study. Names of the
active and employed instructors will be taken from the human resources manager to
better assess the standing of the samples. This study aims to assess the over all
discernment of the Celtech professors thus will enlighten the administrators about
standing of their instructors self efficacy.
Data Gathering Procedure
Data will be gathered with the aid of a published work by Bandura this
instruments reliability to assess self efficacy has been proven my several researchers who
utilized the same instrument. With the help of the Research Directress the researcher will
be endorsed form the Deans of the different department. Questionnaires will be collected
and collated by the researcher to process the result. Data that will be gathered by this
instrument will be process using several statistical techniques with the aid of SPSS
software. Data will be tallied, interpreted and analyzed.
Results will then be presented in tables to better show the readers about
the results of the study. Tables will provide the readers the frequency and percentage of
their responses.
Ethical Consideration
There are several reasons why it is important to adhere to ethical norms
in research. First, norms promote the aims of research, such as knowledge, truth, and

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

avoidance of error. Second, since research often involves a great deal of cooperation and
coordination among many different people in different disciplines and institutions, ethical
standards promote the values that are essential to collaborative work, such as trust,
accountability, mutual respect, and fairness.
The research subject will treated with utmost respect to conserve their
individuality. Information shared during the conduct of the study will be highly
confidential and shall only be used for educational purposes and research purposes only.
An informed consent shall be given to the respondents to determine whether they would
like to be part of the study or not. Respondents will be given an ample time to answer the
questionnaires and they may even answer in an area where they may feel comfortable and
at ease. Thus this will prevent any induce activity by the researcher.

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Dear Respondents,
Greetings in Christ!
The undersigned is currently working on a study entitledSENSE OF SELF EFFICACY
DISCERNMENT OF CELTECH COLLEGE PROFESSORS. This study aims to determine
the beliefs of the instructors about their capabilities to organize and execute the course of actions
to manage a given situation thus will explicate their efficacy in different aspect.
Please indicate your opinions about each of the statements below by checking the
appropriate box. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential and will not be identified by
name.
Thank you.
Yours in Education,
Jhessie L. Abella, RN, RM, MAN
Researcher

-----------------------------------------I. Profile of the Respondents.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Age: _________________
Sex: _____ Male _____ Female
Years of Experience in the Academe:
Rank or Position:
Employment Status:

__________________
__________________

_____ Permanent
_____ Contractual
_____ Part Time
6. Highest Educational Attainment
_____ Technical Vocational Course
_____ Bachelors Degree
_____ Units in Masters
_____ Masters Degree Holder
_____ Units in Doctorate
_____ Doctorate Degree Holder
_____ Others please specify
II. Self Efficacy: The following questions pertain to your own opinion regarding your efficacy
in several aspects. Please check the appropriate box for your answer.

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Quite a Bit

Deal A Great

How much can you influence the decisions that are made in
the school?
How much can you express your views freely on important
school matters?

Influence Some

Very Little

Nothing

Efficacy to Influence Decision Making

Nothing

Little Very

Influence Some

Bit Quite a

Deal A Great

Nothing

Very Little

Influence Some

Quite a Bit

Deal A Great

Efficacy to Influence School Resource

How much can you do to get the instructional materials and

equipment you need?
Instructional Self-Efficacy

How much can you do to influence the class sizes in your

school?
How much can you do to get through to the most difficult
students?
How much can you do to promote learning when there is
lack of support from the home?
How much can you do to keep students on task on difficult
assignments?
How much can you do to increase students memory of what
they have been taught in previous lessons?
How much can you do to motivate students who show low
interest in schoolwork?
How much can you do to get students to work together?
How much can you do to overcome the influence of adverse
community conditions on students learning?
How much can you do to get children to do their
homework?

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Deal A Great

Bit Quite a

Influence Some

How much can you do to get children to follow classroom

rules?
How much can you do to control disruptive behavior in the
classroom?
How much can you do to prevent problem behavior on the
school grounds?

Little Very

Nothing

Disciplinary Self-Efficacy

Little Very

Influence Some

Bit Quite a

Deal A Great

Little Very

Influence Some

Bit Quite a

Deal A Great

Nothing

Efficacy to Enlist Parental Involvement

How much can you do to get parents to become involved in

school activities?
How much can you assist parents in helping their children
do well in school
How much can you do to make parents feel comfortable
coming to school?

Nothing

Efficacy to Enlist Community Involvement

How much can you do to get community groups involved in

working with the schools?
How much can you do to get churches involved in working
with the school?
How much can you do to get businesses involved in
working with the school?
How much can you do to get local colleges and universities
involved in working with the school?

CENTRAL LUZON COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

#01 Upper CBMU, Upper Kalaklan, Olongapo City, Philippines
ISO 9001:2008 Certified

Tel. Nos. : (047) 223-5855

Website: www.clcst.edu.ph
Founded 1959

Thank you!!!

Deal A Great

Bit Quite a

Influence Some

How much can you do to make the school a safe place?

How much can you do to make students enjoy coming to
school?
How much can you do to get students to trust teachers?
How much can you help other teachers with their teaching
skills?
How much can you do to enhance collaboration between
teachers and the administration to make the school run
effectively?
How much can you do to reduce school dropout?
How much can you do to reduce school absenteeism?
How much can you do to get students to believe they can do
well in schoolwork?

Little Very

Nothing

Efficacy to Create a Positive School Climate