Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
16-24
Okonko, I. O., * Ijandipe, L. A., Ilusanya, A. O., Donbraye-Emmanuel, O. B., Ejembi, J.,
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Egun O. C., Fowotade A. and Nkang A. O.
Udeze A. O.,
Department of Virology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University
College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan, Nigeria.
2
Department of Microbiology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria.
3
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria.
4
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
5
Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
6
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan,
Nigeria.
7
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State,
Nigeria.
E-mail: mac2finney@yahoo.com
Received 2 January 2009; received in revised form 3 July 2009; accepted 7 July 2009
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT
This study reports the detection of urinary tract infections among 80 pregnant women in Oluyoro Catholic Hospital
Ibadan, South-Western, Nigeria for a period of 6 months. It was carried out to detect the presence of urinary tract
infection in pregnant women, and to isolate and to identify the pathogens responsible for the infection. A total of 80 clean
voided mid-stream urine samples were collected from pregnant women between the ages of 21-40 years. The results
showed 38 bacterial isolates with an incidence of 47.5% in this population. The isolates were identified based on colonial
morphology, microscopic characteristics, and biochemical tests using Bergeys Manual of Determinative Bacteriology.
Escherichia coli 16(42.1%) was the most predominant organism. This was followed by Staphylococcus aureus
11(28.9%), Klebsiella aerogenes 7(18.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2(5.3%), and a mixed culture of Klebisella
aerogenes and Staphylococcus aureus 2(5.3%). Urine microscopy revealed the presence of Pus cells in the urine
samples collected. Two samples, representing 2.5% of the samples contained yeast cells, suggesting that Candidiasis
was also predominant. The high incidence rate of 47.5% reported in this study should be of great concern, as not only
do UTIs pose a threat to health, but they also impose an economic and social burden due to the stigma associated with
these infections.
Keywords: bacteriuria, pregnant women, urine, Urinary Tract Infection
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
INTRODUCTION
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*Corresponding author
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RESULTS
Of the 80 samples examined in this study, only fifteen
samples were observed to have pus cells, 4 had
Schistosoma haematobium and yeast cells (Table 1).
Table 1: Microscopic examination of urine samples
Pus cells
Schistosoma haematobium
Yeast cells
Total
No. of Positive
Samples (%)
15 (62.5)
4 (16.7)
4 (16.7)
24 (30.0)
Microscopy
The urine samples were mixed and aliquots centrifuged at
5000 rpm for 5 min. The deposits were examined using
both 10X and 40X objectives. Samples with 10 white
3
blood cells/mm were regarded as pyuric (Smith et al.,
2003). A volume of the urine samples were applied to a
glass microscope slide, allowed to air dry, stained with
gram stain, and examined microscopically (Kolawole et
al., 2009).
Culturing of urine sample
This was carried out as described by Cheesbrough (2002,
2004) and Prescott et al. (2008). Ten-fold serial dilutions
were made by transferring 1.0 mL of the sample in 9.0 mL
of sterile physiological saline. One mL was then poured
into molten nutrient agar in Petri dishes and rotated gently
for proper homogenization. The contents were allowed to
set and the plates were then incubated at 37 C for 24 h.
Bacterial colonies appearing on the plates after the
incubation period were enumerated to determine urine
samples with significant bacteriuria. A loopful of each
urine sample was also streaked on Mac Conkey agar and
Blood agar plate for the isolation of the bacteria present in
the urine. After incubation, plates with growth were
selected, the colonies were isolated using inoculating loop
and subsequently subcultured on agar slants for use in
further tests.
No.
Tested
(%)
14 (17.5)
35 (43.8)
22 (27.5)
9 (11.3)
80 (100.0)
No.
Positive
(%)
7 (50.0)
13 (37.1)
11 (50.0)
7 (77.8)
38 (47.5)
No. Negative
(%)
7 (50.0)
22 (62.9)
11 (50.0)
2 (22.2)
42 (52.5)
Identification of isolates
The methods used in the identification and
characterization of isolated bacteria include Gram stain
followed by microscopic examination, motility test and
biochemical tests according to Cheesbrough (2002;
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Age of
Pregnancy
(Months)
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
38 (100.0)
No. Tested
23
10
9
13
15
11
7 (30.4)
7 (70.0)
7 (77.8)
7 (53.8)
6 (40.0)
4(36.4)
80
38 (47.5)
80
38 (47.5)
Nil
2 (50.0)
3 (27.3)
7 (50.0)
10 (71.4)
12 (45.8)
5 (45.5)
38 (47.5)
Trimester (period of
3 three-months)
st
First trimester (1 3
months)
nd
Second trimester (2
3 months)
rd
Third trimester (3 3
months)
Total
No. Tested
(%)
02
No. Positive
(%)
Nil
29
12 (41.4)
49
27 (55.1)
80
38 (47.5)
2
4
11
14
14
24
11
80
Parity
First pregnancy
nd
2 pregnancy
rd
3 pregnancy
and above
Total
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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