Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
TERMINOLOGY
G-1. To be able to construct shelters, traps and snares, weapons and tools, and other devices; you
should have a basic knowledge of ropes and knots and some of the terminology used with them.
The terms are as follows:
Bight. A simple bend of rope in which the rope does not cross itself.
Dressing the knot. The orientation of all knot parts so that they are properly aligned,
straightened, or bundled. Neglecting this can result in an additional 50 percent reduction in
knot strength. This term is sometimes used for setting the knot which involves tightening all
parts of the knot so they bind on one another and make the knot operational. A loosely tied
knot can easily deform under strain and change, becoming a slipknot or worse, untying.
Fraps. A means of tightening the lashings by looping the rope perpendicularly around the
wraps that hold the spars or sticks together.
Lashings. A means of using wraps and fraps to tie two or three spars or sticks together to
form solid corners or to construct tripods. Lashings begin and end with clove hitches.
Lay. The lay of the rope is the same as the twist of the rope.
Loop. A loop is formed by crossing the running end over or under the standing end to form a
ring or circle in the rope.
Pig tail. That part of the running end that is left after tying the knot. It should be no more than
4 inches long to conserve rope and prevent interference.
Running end. The free or working end of a rope. This is the part of the rope you are actually
using to tie the knot.
Standing end. The static part of rope or rest of the rope besides the running end.
Turn. A loop around an object such as a post, rail, or ring with the running end continuing in
the opposite direction to the standing end. A round turn continues to circle and exits in the
same general direction as the standing end.
Whipping. Any method of preventing the end of a rope from untwisting or becoming
unwound. It is done by wrapping the end tightly with a small cord, tape or other means. It
should be done on both sides of an anticipated cut in a rope, before cutting the rope in two.
This prevents the rope from immediately untwisting.
Wraps (Figure G-1). Simple wraps of rope around two poles or sticks (square lashing) or
three poles or sticks (tripod lashing). Wraps begin and end with clove hitches and get tighter
with fraps. All together, they form a lashing.
BASIC KNOTS
G-2. The basic knots and methods of tying them that you should know for your survival are as
follows:
Half-hitch. This is the simplest of all knots and used to be the safety, or finishing, knot for all
Army knots. Because it had a tendency to undo itself without load, it has since been
replaced by the overhand.
Overhand (Figure G-2). This is the simple knot that most people tie everyday as the first half
of tying their shoes. It can also be used to temporarily whip the end of a rope. This knot
should replace the half-hitch as a finishing knot for other knots. This knot alone will reduce
the strength of a straight rope by 55 percent.
would make other knots jam and difficult to untie. It is most used to anchor rope to a pole or
tree.
load off of a weak spot in the rope. It is a temporary knot unless the eyes are fastened to the
standing part of the rope on both ends.