Key Indicators for Urban Poor in MAHARASHTRA from NFHS-3 and

NFHS-2
Urban
Poor

Urban
Non Poor

Urban

Rural

State Total

Urban
Poor
NFHS-2

Marriage and Fertility

Women age 20-24 married by age 18 (%)

62.4

24.3

28.9

49.3

39.0

71.4

Women age 20-24 who became mothers before age 18 (%)

38.5

9.7

13.2

23.5

18.3

50.6

Total fertility rate (children per woman)

Higher order births (3+ births) (%)
Birth Interval (median number of months between current and previous birth)
Maternal Health
Maternity care1
Mothers who had at least 3 antenatal care visits (%)
Mothers who consumed IFA for 90 days or more (%)
Mothers who received tetanus toxoid vaccines (minimum of 2) (%)
Mothers who received complete ANC2 (%)
Institutional delivery (%)
Home delivery (%)
Births assisted by a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/other health personnel (%)
Anaemia among women
Women age 15-49 with anaemia (%)
Child Health & Survival

2.2

1.9

1.9

2.3

2.1

3.6

20.3
30.0

8.9
35.0

10.6
33.0

12.4
30.0

11.6
31.9

36.0
28.0

73.3
15.9
83.7

90.8
35.5
88.9

88.0
32.3
88.2

63.6
30.9
82.5

75.1
31.4
85.1

64.6
61.9
65.8

10.2
58.4
41.6
63.0

24.7
89.0
11.0
90.8

22.1
83.5
16.5
85.8

16.1
49.0
51.0
54.7

21.6
64.6
35.4
74.9

24.8
64.0
36.0
68.3

52.4

45.0

46.1

50.6

48.4

53.4

Child immunization 3
Children completely immunized (%)
Children receiving measles immunization (%)
Children left out from UIP (Children not receiving DPT 1) (%)
Children dropping out from UIP (DPT 1 to DPT 3) (%)
Child feeding practices
Children under 5 years breastfed within one hour of birth (%)
Children age 0-5 months exclusively breastfed (%)
Children age 6-9 months receiving solid or semi-solid food and breast milk (%)

47.9
73.8
6.3
26.1

71.5
89.0
2.8
11.8

68.1
86.8
3.2
14.3

50.2
82.7
8.2
21.7

58.8
84.7
5.7
18.2

61.0
69.8
11.6
12.8

44.1
66.7
25.0

52.9
45.2
62.7

51.9
49.2
57.9

53.1
55.0
40.7

52.0
52.8
48.2

24.1
22.1
31.0

Nutritional status of children 4

Children who are stunted (%)
Children who are underweight (%)

62.9
49.0

37.9
26.8

42.4
30.6

49.3
41.5

46.3
37.0

44.3@
46.6@

63.0

57.4

58.4

67.2

63.4

74.0@

3.2
37.5
100.0
6.7
2.7
100.0

8.2
38.8
80.8
12.5
4.7
75.9

7.3
38.7
82.1
11.5
4.4
78.1

8.8
38.3
75.3
10.7
4.8
62.5

8.1
38.5
77.3
11.1
4.6
70.2

33.6@
25.5@
33.6@
34.2@
34.9@
86.8@

21.0
22.1
50.0

18.5
22.4
28.0

18.9
22.4
32.3

42.6
50.2
59.5

31.8
37.5
46.7

14.6
38.1
38.1

58.5
6.7
51.9

64.9
20.7
44.2

64.0
18.8
45.3

67.2
5.1
60.6

64.9
11.7
53.2

49.3
2.6
46.6

11.7

9.5

9.8

9.0

9.3

18.4

6.9
4.9

5.0
4.5

5.3
4.5

5.6
3.4

5.4
3.9

12.3
6.1

47.8
48.2
50.1
5.0

87.5
11.5
94.9
4.0

81.3
17.2
87.9
4.0

37.0
45.5
20.5
4.0

58.4
31.8
52.9
4.0

24.6
65.8
56.1
4.0

312
72.9

378
93.3

368
90.6

260
72.3

311
81.6

427
53.1

49.8
8.5

47.8
3.4

48.1
4.1

98.2
18.3

75.4
11.1

16.7$

Anaemia among children 4

Children with anaemia (%)
4

Childhood diseases and treatment

Children who had diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks (%)
Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks who received ORS (%)
Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks taken to a health facility (%)
Children with fever in the last 2 weeks (%)
Children with acute respiratory infection in the last 2 weeks (%)
Children with acute respiratory infection in the last 2 weeks taken to a health facility (%)
Mortality 5
Neonatal Mortality
Infant Mortality
Under-5 Mortality
Family Planning (Currently Married Women, age 1549)
Current use
Any modern method (%)
Spacing method (%)
Permanent sterilization method rate (%)
Unmet need for family planning
Total unmet need (%)
a. For spacing (%)
b. For limiting (%)
Environmental Conditions
Households with access to piped water supply at home (%)
Households accessing public tap / hand pump for drinking water (%)
Household using a sanitary facility for the disposal of excreta (flush / pit toilet) (%)
Median number of household members per sleeping room
Infectious Diseases
Prevalence of medically treated TB (per 100,000 persons)
Women (age 15-49) who have heard of AIDS (%)
Access to Health Service
Children under age six living in enumeration areas covered by an AWC (%)
Women who had at least one contact with a health worker in the last three months (%)

na

na: not available

1. For the most recent live birth; 2. Complete ANC includes 3 ANC visits, 2 TT injections and 90 doses of IFA; 3. For the last 2 births before the survey within the age group of 12-23 months;
5. Rates are calculated for the five-year period preceding the survey.
@ NFHS2 figures are for chilldren under age 3 years
$ NFHS 2 figure is for women who receive visit of a health/ family planning worker in the 12 months prior to the survey

4. For children under age of five years;

Key Indicators for Urban Poor in MAHARASHTRA from NFHS-3 and

NFHS-2
Urban
Poor

Urban
Non Poor

Urban

Rural

State
Total

Five Year age groups

<15

36.8

27.3

28.7

32.2

30.5

15-60

56.8

65.0

63.8

56.2

59.9

6.4

7.7

7.5

11.6

9.6

13.8
22.4
60.5
3.3

2.3
7.4
65.9
24.4

4.0
9.7
65.1
21.2

11.0
19.4
60.1
9.5

14.2
62.8
15.8

43.0
17.5
38.2
1.2

9.6
9.6
61.5
19.3

14.0
10.7
58.4
16.9

33.2
16.6
46.6
3.6

23.5
13.6
52.6
10.4

74.3
66.5

89.7
88.0

83.4
80.9

78.2
69.6

80.7
74.7

63.5
24.2
11.5
0.8

68.7
20.3
6.0
5.0

67.9
20.9
6.8
4.4

86.8
4.8
8.2
0.2

77.7
12.6
7.5
2.2

24.6
7.4
20.0
47.9

14.3
3.0
24.7
57.9

15.8
3.6
24.0
56.5

15.7
17.8
27.9
38.6

15.7
11.0
26.0
47.2

>60
Highest educational level attained: men (15-49 years)
No education
Primary
Secondary
Higher
Highest educational level attained: women (15-49 years)
No education
Primary
Secondary
Higher
Schooling
School attendance 6-17 years (male) (%)
School attendance 6-17 years (female) (%)
Household head's religion
Hindu
Muslim
Buddhist/neo-buddhist
Others
Type of caste or tribe of the household head
Scheduled caste
Scheduled tribe
Other backward class
None of above

7.3

The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) is a national level household survey to gather information on fertility, family planning, infant and child
mortality, reproductive health, child health, nutrition of women and children, and the quality of health and family welfare services. The latest round
conducted in 2005-06 (NFHS-3) sample represented more than 99 percent of Indias population living in all 29 states. The NFHS reports which
present health indicators disaggregated by urban and rural areas mask the inherent differences which exist within urban areas.
In order to understand the health conditions of the urban poor, Urban Health Resource Centre (UHRC) undertook the analysis of the NFHS datasets
by Wealth Index. The Wealth Index is a summary measure which reflects the economic status of the household by considering the household
amenities and assets. The disaggregated health indicators by economic groups within urban areas presented in the above tables reveal the poor health
conditions among the urban poor population and the sharp disparities which exist in urban areas.