Version 181 Unit 4 Exam vandenbout (51335)

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001 4.0 points

If the change in internal energy for a given
process is zero, which of the following must be
true?

vandenbout/labrake - ch301

1. q = -w correct

EXAM 4

2. w = 0

9:30 am class only - 51335

3. E = H

7-9pm Dec 5, 2012

4. q = 0
Thermodynamic Data at 25 C
Substance

Hf

Gf

kJ/mol

kJ/mol

J/mol K

Al (s)

Al2 O3 (s)
-1675.7 -1582.4
H2 O ()
-286
-237
H2 O (g)
-242
-229
CO (g)
-111
-137
CO2 (g)
-394
-395
CH4 (g)
-75
-51
C3 H8 (g)
-104
-24
C6 H12 O2 ()
-555

C12 H22 O11 (s) -2222

-1545
O2 (g)

Fe2 O3 (s)
-824.2
-742.2
Fe3 O4 (s)
-1118.4 1015.4

28.33
50.92
70
189
198
214
186
270

360
205.1
87.4
146.4

Single Bond Energies (kJ/mol of bonds)

H
C
N
O
S
F
Cl
H 436
C 413 346
N 391 305 163
O 463 358 201 146
S 347 272 226
F 565 485 283 190 284 155
Cl 432 339 192 218 255 253 242
Multiple Bond Energies (kJ/mol of bonds)
C=C 602
C=N 615
C=O 799
CC 835
CN 887
CO 1072
N=N 418
O=O 498
NN 945

Explanation:
E = q + w = 0
q = -w
002 4.0 points
Carbon monoxide reacts with oxygen to form
carbon dioxide by the following reaction:
2 CO(g) + O2 (g) 2 CO2 (g)
H for this reaction is 135.28 kcal.
If 811.7 kcal is released, how many moles of
CO must have reacted?
1. 12.0 mol correct
2. 16.3 mol
3. 6.00 mol
4. 270.5 mol
5. 1.35 mol
6. 40.5 mol
7. 5.41 mol
Explanation:
H = 135.28 kcal
q = - 811.7 kcal
 1 mol rxn  2 mol CO 
135.28 kcal 1 mol rxn
(811.7kcal) = 12 mol CO
so 12 mol CO were reacted.
003 4.0 points
At constant temperature and pressure, how is
Suniv related to Gsys ?

Version 181 Unit 4 Exam vandenbout (51335)

1. Gsys = Suniv

4. -376 kJ/mol

2. Gsys = T Suniv correct

5. -193 kJ/mol

3. Gsys = Suniv
4. Gsys = T Suniv
Suniv
T
Suniv
6. Gsys =
T
Explanation:
5. Gsys =

004 4.0 points

A 22.9 g sample of metal X requires
136 calories of energy to heat it from 10.0 C
to 81.0 C. Calculate the specific heat of metal
X.
1. 0.2615
2. 0.21
3. 0.2548
4. 0.2038
5. 0.3562
6. 0.3902
7. 0.3081
8. 0.2187
9. 0.35
10. 0.2733
Correct answer: 0.35 J/g C.
Explanation:
005 4.0 points
Chlorine monofluoride (ClF) will react with
carbon monoxide (CO) to give carbonyl chlorofluoride (COClF):
ClF + CO COClF
Use bond energies (provided elsewhere) to
estimate the change in enthalpy (H) for
this reaction.
1. -298 kJ/mol correct
2. -571 kJ/mol
3. -444 kJ/mol

Explanation:
ClF + CO ClC=O
|
F
Break: ClF and CO
253
1072
Make: C=O and CCl and CF
799
339
485
breaking : +1325 (reactants)
making : -1623 (products)
H = 298 kJ/mol
006 4.0 points
What is the change in entropy (Svap )
for the vaporization of ethanol (Hvap =
38.6 kJ mol1 ) at its standard boiling temperature (78.4 C)?
1. 110 J mol1 K1
2. 492 J mol1 K1
3. 492 J mol1 K1
4. 110 J mol1 K1 correct
Explanation:
Hvap
Svap =
T
38, 600 J mol1
=
= 110 J mol1 K1
351.4 K
007 4.0 points
Given that f HF e2O3 (s) = 826 kJ mol1
what would you predict for the spontaneity
of the following reaction
2Fe2 O3 (s) 4Fe(s) + 3O2 (g)
1. there is no way to predict the spontaneity
of this reaction
2. it would be spontaneous only at high
temperatures correct

Version 181 Unit 4 Exam vandenbout (51335)

3. it would never be spontaneous
4. it would be spontaneous at all temperatures

c) 1 mol of pure water

1. c < b < a
2. a < b < c

5. it would be spontaneous only at low temperatures

Explanation:
The reaction as written is the reverse of
twice the formation of Fe2 O3 . As such this
reaction is extremely endothermic (H >>
0). However, the entropy change for this
reaction should be positive as it generates
three moles of gas. The enthalpy changes
cause an increase in the free energy, but the
entropy change will cause the free energy to
decrease. At high temperatures the entropy
will dominate and the free energy change will
be negative.
008 4.0 points
Which of the following is always true for
a spontaneous process at constant temperature?
1. S =

q
T

2. S > 0
3. Ssystem + Ssurroundings > 0 correct
q
4. S <
T
5. Ssystem + Ssurroundings

q
=
T

Explanation:
The entropy of a system or its surroundings
may increase or decrease. The Second Law of
Thermodynamics states that in spontaneous
changes, the universe tends toward a state
of greater disorder; that is, entropy increases
(S > 0).
009 4.0 points
Rank the following systems by entropy, from
least to greatest:
a) 1 mol of pure ice
b) 1 mol of water with 1 mol of salt dissolved
in it.

3. c < a < b
4. b < c < a
5. b < a < c
6. a < c < b correct
Explanation:
Entropy increases as systems go through
endothermic phase transitions and when there
is more matter or more dispersed matter
present.
010 4.0 points
Consider the reaction
Ni(s) + 4 CO(g) Ni(CO)4 (g)
Assuming the gases are ideal, calculate the
work done on the system at a constant pressure of 1 atm at 75 C for the conversion of
1.00 mole of Ni to Ni(CO)4 .
1. 2.89 103 J
2. 5.79 103 J
3. 1.80 103 J
4. 1.87 103 J
5. 1.16 104 J
6. 8.68 103 J correct
Explanation:
T = 75 C + 273 = 348 K

nNi = 1 mol

4 mol CO
= 4 mol
1 mol Ni
1 mol Ni(CO)4
nf = 1 mol Ni
= 1 mol
1 mol Ni

ni = 1 mol Ni

Version 181 Unit 4 Exam vandenbout (51335)

n = (1 4) mol = 3 mol
w = P V = n R T
8.31451 J
= (3 mol)
348 K
mol K
= 8680.35 J
011 4.0 points
Calculate the standard enthalpy of combustion (c H) of t-butyl acetate, C6 H12 O2 ().

(40 * 2.44) ln(313.15/298.15) = 4.8 J K1

013 4.0 points
Consider the reaction
2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 SO3 (g)
Which statement is true for this reaction?
1. S < 0 correct

1. -125 kJ/mol

2. Sm
= 0 for O2 (g)

2. -4080 kJ/mol

3. S > 0

3. -4635 kJ/mol

4. S = 0

4. -3525 kJ/mol correct

5. -2970 kJ/mol

Explanation:
For the reaction 3 mol gas 2 mol gas. The
fewer the moles of gas, the lower the disorder,
so S is negative.

6. -4371 kJ/mol
7. -3261 kJ/mol
Explanation:
The balanced equation is:
C6 H12 O2 () + 8O2 (g) 6CO2 (g) + 6H2 O()
c H = 6(394) + 6(286) (555)
c H = 2364 + 1716 + 555
c H = 3525
012 4.0 points
Calculate the entropy change for the system
when 40 g of ethanol are heated from 25 C to
40 C given that the heat capacity for ethanol
is 2.44 J g1 K1 .

014 4.0 points

Calculate the standard reaction enthalpy for
the reaction
NO2 (g) NO(g) + O(g)
Given:
O2 (g) 2 O(g)
H = +498.4 kJ/mol
NO(g) + O3 (g) NO2 (g) + O2 (g)
H = 200 kJ/mol
3O2 (g) 2 O3 (g) H = +285.4 kJ/mol
.
1. +306 kJ/mol correct

1. 4.8 J K1 correct

2. +555 kJ/mol

2. -45.9 J K1

3. +192 kJ/mol

3. 0.12 J K1

4. +355 kJ/mol

4. 45.9 J K1

5. +93.5 kJ/mol

5. -2.3 J K1

6. +413 kJ/mol

Explanation:

7. +592 kJ/mol

Tf
S =
The entropy change is S = Cln
Ti

Explanation:

Version 181 Unit 4 Exam vandenbout (51335)

O2 (g) 2 O(g)
H = +498.4 kJ/mol
NO(g) + O3 (g) NO2 (g) + O2 (g)
H = 200 kJ/mol
The standard formation of ozone is
3
O2 (g) O3 (g)
2
H = +142.7 kJ/mol
We calculate the Hrxn using Hess Law:
To combine the reactions and get the desired reaction, reverse the second and third
equations and add half of the first one:
NO2 (g) + O2 (g) NO(g) + O3 (g)
H = +200 kJ/mol
3
O3 (g) O2 (g)
2
H = 142.7 kJ/mol
1
O2 (g) O(g)
2
1
H = (498.4 kJ/mol)
2
NO2 (g) NO(g) + O(g)
Hrxn = 306.5 kJ/mol
015 4.0 points
What is Suniv for a reaction conducted at
100 C and for which S is 170 J mol1 K1
and H is 43.2 kJ mol1 .
1. 262 J mol1 K1
2. 285.8 J mol1 K1
3. 602 J mol1 K1
4. 54.2 J mol1 K1 correct
Explanation:

016 4.0 points

Which of the following reactions as written
corresponds to a standard formation reaction?
1. SO2 (g) +

1
O2 (g) SO3 (g)
2

2. 2H (g) + O2 (g) H2 O2 ()
3. Na(s) +

1
Cl2 (g) NaCl(s) correct
2

4. 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2 O()

5. CO2 (s) CO2 (g)
Explanation:
All of the reactants in a formation reaction
must be ELEMENTS in their thermochemical
standard state. AND, to match table values,
only 1 MOLE of product can be formed because standard table values are in kJ/mol.
Only the NaCl fits this definition. The H2 O
reaction unfortunately is forming 2 moles of
water instead of one.
017 4.0 points
The enthalpy of fusion of methanol (CH3 OH)
is 3.16 kJ/mol. How much heat would be
absorbed or released upon freezing 25.6 grams
of methanol?
1. 0.253 kJ absorbed
2. 3.95 kJ absorbed
3. 2.52 kJ absorbed
4. 0.253 kJ released
5. 3.95 kJ released
6. 2.52 kJ released correct

Suniv = Ssys + Ssurr

= 170 J mol1 K1
43200 J mol1

373 K
= 54.2 J mol1 K1

Explanation:
MW CH3 OH = 32.042g

H(fusion) = H(freezing)

Version 181 Unit 4 Exam vandenbout (51335)

q = 25.6 g

1mol
3.16 kJ

= 2.525 kJ
32.042g
mol

018 4.0 points

A sample of 2 grams of compound Y is burned
completely in a bomb calorimeter which contains 2500 g of water. The temperature rises
from 25.529C to 25.991 C. What is Urxn for
the combustion of compound Y? The hardware component of the calorimeter has a heat
capacity of 3.78 kJ/ C. The specific heat of
water is 4.184 J/g C, and the MW of Y is
129 g/mol.
1. -311.8
2. -572.3
3. -503.5
4. -235.9
5. -424.3
6. -213.5
7. -165.2
8. -552.3
9. -269.5
10. -335.2
Correct answer: 424.3 kJ/mol of Y.
Explanation:
SH = 4.184 J/g C
HC = 3.78 kJ/ C
mY = 2 g
MWY = 129 g/mol
mwater = 2500 g
T = 25.991 C 25.529 C = 0.462 C
Heat = (SH)(mwater )(T ) + (HC)(T ) ,
Then divide the heat by the number of moles
which is mass/MW.
019

4.0 points

Sodium is a metal that reacts violently with

water. Chlorine is a toxic, choking gas. So its
a really good thing that when you put salt on
your fries (chips) that it doesnt suddenly turn
into sodium metal and chlorine gas. Why is
this the case?
1. The standard enthalpy of formation of
sodium chloride is negative.
2. The standard Gibbs free energy of formation of sodium chloride is negative. CORRECT

3. The standard entropy change for the

formation of sodium chloride is negative.
4. Salt dissolves in the water in your food.
5. Salt has a really high melting point.
Explanation:
The standard Gibbs free energy of formation of sodium chloride is negative so the process is spontaneous. Thus unforming sodium
chloride is nonspontaneous, so sodium chloride is stable.

Version 181 Unit 4 Exam vandenbout (51335)

020

24.0 points

This question is merely a placeholder for

the points in the hand-graded portion of the
exam.
Explanation:
This question is merely a placeholder for
the points in the hand-graded portion of the
exam.