IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 01 | July 2015

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Multiuser OFDM System for Wireless

Information and Power Transfer
Atul Mugale
PG Student
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
Engineering
Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Pune, India

Shivani Pandita
Assistant Professor
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
Engineering
Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Pune, India

Abstract
Simultaneous information and power transfer over the wireless channels potentially offers great convenience to mobile users. In
wireless communication information and power transfer is very challenging task. To perform this task it is important to harvest
energy and information decoding. Therefore for wireless communication system needs to developed technique which is suited
for wideband and high data rate transmissions. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is digital transmission
technique developed into a popular scheme for wideband communication systems. So in this paper we study the optimal design
for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) in downlink multiuser OFDM systems. At the receiver side,
due to the practical limitation of circuits for harvesting energy from radio signals are not yet able to decode the carried
information directly, so we applied time switching (TS) scheme for the information decoding (ID) and power splitting (PS)
scheme for the harvesting energy. Using MATLAB, simulation of OFDM was done with different modulation techniques using
different transform techniques. The digital modulation schemes such as QPSK and QAMs were selected to evaluate the
performance of the designed OFDM system. The performances of the multiple schemes were compared in the term of peak to
average power ratio (PAPR), TS and PS graphs. The use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique
provides better solution for the multi-path fading, less spectral efficiency & lower bit rate capacity problems.
Keywords: OFDM, PAPR, PS, TS
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I. INTRODUCTION
The demand of wireless information and power transfer in wireless communication has been boost seriously over the last decade.
Therefore, the concept of energy harvesting is basically determined from well known natural sources such as solar power, wind
and radio signals. It is advance result to provide on effective power supplies for wireless network. After the understanding of
application of radio signals it offers for wireless information and power transfer [1]. Therefore for wireless network radio signals
are widely used. The huge uptake rate of mobile phone technology, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) and the exponential
growth of the Internet have resulted in an increased demand for new methods of obtaining high capacity wireless networks.
Wireless communications is an emerging field, which has seen tremendous growth in the last several years.
The concept of simultaneously wireless information and power transfer over the network offered excellent convenience to
mobile user [3] . The radio signals are a new solution to provide convenient and perpetual energy supplied to wireless networks
[2]. At the receiver side, due to the practical limitation of circuits for harvesting energy from radio signals are not yet able to
decode the carried information directly for power splitting hybrid receivers which were able to split the received signals into two
power streams for concurrent ID and EH [13]. OFDM is leading the engineers into a new area of digital transmission and is
becoming the chosen modulation technique worldwide. OFDM has promising future for information and power transfer in
wireless networks and mobile communications. The concept of multiuser multiple input single output (MISO) which broadcast
simultaneous wireless information and power transfer system [4],[5]. The process in which at the receiver the optimal mode of
switching for achieving various trades off between wireless information transfer and energy harvesting. But it worked properly
only at consideration of a point to point wireless link over a narrowband channel to time varying co-channel interface [6].
Growth in number of worldwide customers for wireless networks and ever-increasing demand for large bandwidth has given
birth to this technology. The multi antenna wireless broadcasting system with simultaneous information and power transfer under
the assumption of imperfect channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter[7]. OFDM is most suitable techniques for the high
data rate applications. OFDM is presently used in a number of wired and wireless communication systems. The wireless energy
harvesting on the basis of point to point wireless link over flat fading channel, where the receiver has no fixed power supplies
and due to that needs to replenish energy via wireless energy harvesting (WEH) from the signals sent by the transmitter[8],[9]. It
is a special case of data transmission, where a single data stream is transmitted over a number of sub carriers (SCs) to increase
robustness against frequency-selective fading or narrowband interference Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)
is a method of digital modulation in which a signal is split into several narrowband channels at different frequencies. the concept
of a mode of scheduling method to switch between EH and ID which was based on the signal to leakage and energy receiver
(SLER)[10]. The basic concept behind multi-tone modulation is to replace one wideband signal with many simultaneously

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transmitted narrowband signals with the same overall bandwidth as the original signal. A novel method wireless networks
coexisting where low power mobiles in a secondary networks which they referred as secondary transmitters (STs) which harvest
ambient RF energy from transmission by nearby active transmitters in a primary networks[11]. The maximizing power ratio
under the circuit power constraints at mobiles in addition to power constraint at the base station they proposed a passive
simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) enabled mobile architecture[12]. OFDM transmit symbols that
have a longer time duration, which is less or equal to the maximum delay spread. To combat ISI, guard intervals are used
between OFDM symbols.
This paper is organized as follows: Section 2 describes the architecture of multiuser techniques in OFDM, section 3 focuses on
simulation result with different modulation techniques, section 4 enlightens conclusions are presented with future work in this
area.

II. ARCHITECTURE OF OFDM

Fig. 1: Block Diagram of OFDM

OFDM is generated by choosing the spectrum required, based on the input data, and modulation scheme used. Each carrier to
be produced is assigned data to be transmitted. To implement OFDM in simulation, transmitters and receivers in discrete time,
Inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) and Fast Fourier transform (FFT) methods are used respectively. The figure1 show the
block diagram of OFDM used for simulation. In OFDM transmitter Serial to parallel acts as time/frequency mapper for signal.
IFFT generates the required Time domain waveform and the cyclic prefix acts like guard interval and makes equalization easy
(FFT-cyclic convolution vs channel-linear convolution). If we space OFDM symbols by gaps at least as long as the delay spread,
then there will be no intersymbol interference. However, there will still be interference within the symbol. In OFDM receiver
Cyclic Prefix is discarded and FFT again generates the required Frequency Domain signal. At this end parallel to serial block
acts like a Frequency/Time mapper. Practically at the receiver side, due to limitation of circuits for harvesting energy from radio
signals are not yet able to decode the carried information directly, so we applied time switching (TS) scheme for the information
decoding (ID) and power spiltting (PS) scheme for the power transfer. Here we assume an ideal power splitter at the receiver
without any power loss or noise introduced, and that the receiver can perfectly synchronize its operations with the transmitter.
During the transmission block time T , it is assumed that the information receiver may operate in two modes: switch off (off
mode) for a time duration Toff to save power, or switch on (on mode) for a time duration Ton = T Toff to decode information.
In OFDM the subcarrier frequencies are chosen so that the signals are mathematically orthogonal over one OFDM symbol
period. Both modulation and multiplexing are attained digitally using an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) and thus, the
required orthogonal signals can be generated accurately. Using MATLAB, simulation of OFDM was done with different
modulation techniques using different transform techniques. The move to digital modulation provides more information capacity,
compatibility with digital data services, higher data security, better quality communications, and quicker system availability. At
the receiver the received signal is split into two signal streams with a fixed power ratio by a power splitter, with one stream to the
energy receiver and the other one to the information receiver. Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer with
energy/information relaying, where an energy-constrained relay harvests energy from the received signal and uses that harvested
energy to forward the source information to the destination. Time switching based operated by time switching protocol (TSR)
and power splitting based scheme operated by power splitting relaying protocol (PSR).
The required amplitude and phase of the carrier is then calculated based on the modulation scheme QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM
and 64 QAM.

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III. MATLAB SIMULATION RESULT

Fig. 2: PAPR for QPSK

Fig. 3: TS with PS for QPSK

Fig. 4: PAPR for 16QAM

Fig. 5: TS with PS for 16QAM

Fig. 6: PAPR for 32QAM

Fig. 7: TS with PS for 32QAM

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Fig. 8: PAPR 64QAM

Fig. 9: TS with PS for 64QAM

IV. CONCLUSION
Thus, this paper has explored the role of OFDM in the wireless communication and its properly supported for accurately
recovering the transmitted information with harvesting energy at the receiver. By simply taking the values of PAPR and TS with
PS, we can easily observe the variation of peak to average power ratio and information decoding rate with harvesting energy rate
on a graph. In coming years, it will surely dominate the communication industry. Also, Wimax and 802.20 use OFDM-MIMO,
which will be the main technology for information decoding with harvesting energy for future cellular packet data networks,
including 3GPP, long-term evolution and 3GPP2 air interface evolution as well.

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