1

Chapter 1 [Part B]
PARTS OF SPEECH
Question No.1
Identify the parts of speech that the underlined words in each sentence belong to:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.

It is not fair to the students if we keep changing the time table.

Theyll respect you as long as you play fair.
No amount of make-up could hide her age.
All he is worried about is his own hide.
Shes a changed woman since she got the job.
She is someone who hates change.
Now, you listen to me good.
Cuts have been made for the good of the company.

Answer
i.
Adjective
ii.
Adverb
iii.
Verb
iv.
Noun
v.
Adjective
vi.
Noun
vii.
Adverb
viii.
Adjective
Question No.2
Complete each of the following sentences with the positive, comparative or super the adverb given in brackets.
i.
The________ you study, the poorer marks will be. (little)
ii.
Seagulls fly________ than ducks do. (well)
iii.
The _________ you exercise, the stronger you will become. (more)
iv.
He explains the subject the_________ of all the teachers in the school. (well)
v.
Advanced skiers complete the course twice as__________ as beginners. (rapidly)
vi.
The_________ I walk, the more refreshed I feel. (far)
Answer
i.
Less
ii.
Better
iii.
More
iv.
Best
v.
Rapidly
vi.
Farther
Question No.3
Complete the sentences by filling the blanks with appropriate phrasal verbs given below:
(Sort out, feel through, put forward, take over, stepped down, left over, carried out)
i.
The companys boss has__________ after ten years.
ii.
The two sides were close to an agreement but it_________.
iii.
Large companies sometimes__________ smaller ones.
iv.
The consultants__________ a proposal to re-organize the company.

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Answer
i.
Stepped down
ii.
Fell through
iii.
Take over
iv.
Put forward
Question No.4
(a)

Complete the given passage by using who, which, whom, whose, where or why.
The town of Keswick (i)________ lies at the heart of Lake District, is the perfect place for a holiday and
the Derwent Hotel (ii)________ overlooks the town, is the perfect place to stay. Robin and Wendy
Jackson (iii)________ bought this small hotel three years ago have already won an excellent reputation.
Robin, (iv)________ cooking is one of the reasons (v)_________ the Derwent is so poplar, was one
Young Chef of one of the Year. The comfort of the guests (vi) _________ the owners treat as members
of the family always comes first. And the Lake District, (vii) ________ has no much wonderful scenery
and (viii)________ the poet Wordsworth lived will not disappoint you.

(b)

Change the underlined adjectives to adverbs to complete the second sentence

(i)
Natasha is a good violinist.
She plays the violin very_________.
(ii)
I had a bad night.
I slept_________ last night.
(iii) They came on the fast train.
The train went quite__________.
(iv)
Sanam wears expensive clothes.
She dresses__________.

(c)

Use the correct collective noun:

(i)
A--------- of wolves.
(ii)
A--------- of books.
(iii) A--------- of youngsters.
(iv)
A--------- of geese.
(v)
A--------- of cattle.
(vi)
A--------- of gunboats.
(vii) A--------- of soldiers.
(viii) A--------- of directors.
(ix)
A--------- of fish.
(x)
A--------- of flowers.
(xi)
A--------- of puppies.
(xii) A--------- of cars.

Answer
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)

Which
Which
Who
Whose
Why
Whom
Which
Where

3
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Well
Badly
Fast
Extravagantly

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
(x)
(xi)
(xii)

Pack
Library
Group
Flock / Gaggle
Herd
Fleet
Army
Board
Catch
Bouquet
Litter
Fleet

(c)

Question No.5
Use the correct of pronouns given in the brackets.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

Did he want_________ to take _________ bags to the bus? (We)

Who knows where_________ put_________ bicycles? (They)
The book you found on the table is__________. (I)
The problem is really__________ to solve. (You)
I know about his sister. I dont know about_________. (He)

Answer
i.
Us, our
ii.
They, their
iii.
Mine
iv.
Yours
v.
Him
Question No.6
Each of the following sentences contains an adverb and an adjective. Underline the adverb and circle the
adjective.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Paleontologists look for highly interesting plants and animal fossils.

Paleontology is specially associated with the study of prehistoric life forms.
The word dinosaur means a fearfully great lizard.
Dinosaurs became immensely popular after the release of the movie Jurassic Park

Answer
1.
2.
3.
4.

Adverb
Highly
Specially
Fearfully
Immensely

Adjective
Interesting
Prehistoric
Great
Popular

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Question No.7
Complete the sentence with adjectives ending in able or -ible, derived form the verbs given in brackets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Many currencies are now (convert).

His moods are very (change)
He is in an (envy) position of ruling over the whole empire.
Only a limited number of Mushrooms are (eat).
Childrens minds are (impress).

Answer
1.
Convertible
2.
Changeable
3.
Enviable
4.
Eatable
5.
Impressionable.
Question No. 8
Select the correct phrase in the blanks of the given sentences.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

I returned_________ than she expected. (Quicker / more quickly)

The poor servant was__________ suffer the punishment. (Made to / made)
It is nothing else__________ pride. (But/ than)
She enjoys__________. (Singing / to sing)
The cruel master made the boy__________ the work. (Do / to do)

Answer
i.
More quickly
ii.
Made to
iii.
But
iv.
Singing
v.
Do
Question No. 9
Use the following words as a noun and as a verb into sentences of your own.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

Lack
Regret
Suspect
Claim

Answer
i.
Lack (Noun)
Lack (Verb)
ii.
Regret (Noun)
Regret (Verb)
iii.
Suspect (Noun)
Suspect (Verb)
iv.
Claim (Noun)
Claim (Verb)

There is a lack of sincerity in the present day world.

He lacks good manners and sincerity in his conduct to others.
His regrets, on losing as fast friend, are justified.
He regretted on losing the golden opportunity of making money.
He is the main suspect of the criminal etc.
She suspected of doing some illegal activity.
His claim was acknowledged and goods were replaced.
He claims to be the best orator of the town.

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Question No. 10
(a)

Pick out the adverbial clauses in the following sentences:

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

(b)

Do not talk while you are eating.

Put the keys where you can find them.
I will give the evidence so that you can convict the thief.
Since yu promise to be loyal I will give you the job.

Pick out the verbs in the following sentences and name their tense:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)

Answer
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)

The blood runs in his veins.

I shall fly to New York tonight.
They have been sleeping peacefully all night.
I shall have ample time after my exams.
The commander had never fought in a battle.

While you are eating.

Where you can find them.
So that you can convict the thief.
Since you promise to be loyal.
Verb
runs
shall fly
have been sleeping
shall have
had never fought

Tense
Present indefinite tense
Future indefinite tense
Present perfect continuous tense
Future perfect tense
Past perfect tense

Question No.11
(a)
Write the comparative / superlative form of the words in brackets:
(i)
Cant you think of anything___________ (Intelligent) to say?
(ii)
Youve got the__________ (far) to travel.
(iii) The Programme will be shown at a___________ (late) date.
(iv)
Have you read her__________ (recent) book?
(b)

Write a second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the word in brackets to from a
new sentence:
(i)
We often go to the cinema. (a lot).
(ii)
These shoes are too small. (big)
(iii) I dont live in USA anymore. (no)
(iv)
Parveen spent more money than she should have done in the sales. (too)

Answer
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

more intelligent
farthest
later
most recent

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(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

We go to the cinema a lot.

These shoes are not too big.
I no longer live in USA.
Parveen spent too much money in the sales.

Question No.12
Make nouns from the following words:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)

Approve
Happy
Please
Create
Invade
Agree

Answer
(a)
Approval
(b)
Happiness
(c)
Pleasure
(d)
Invasion
(e)
Agreement
Question No.13
Insert suitable conjunctions in the blank spaces.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)

Mary works hare_________ her brother is very lazy.

Shall I write him a letter________ would you prefer to phone him?
I didnt go to work today________ I havent been feeling well.
I wouldnt do that_________ I were you.
The sun was shining_________ it was still raining.
They were so poor_________ they could hardly feed their children.

Answer
(i)
but
(ii)
or
(iii) because
(iv)
if
(v)
while
(vi)
that
Question No.14
(a)
Read the paragraph and then say which part of speech each underlined word belongs to:
Sara didnt go to the caf with the other students. Sidra told her they were going there but she wanted to
finish her work. Sara isnt very sociable. She stays in her room and concentrates totally on her studies.
Shes an excellent student but she doesnt have much fun.

(b)

7
Underline all the adjectives in this description of a hotel:
This comfortable hotel with its pleasant gardens is ideal for people who want a quiet holiday. Yet it is
only a short distance from the highly popular attraction of the area. There are lovely views from every
room. You can eat you meals at the hotel, where the food tastes marvelous. Or you cant course try some
of the excellent local restaurants.

Answer
(a)
To
Told
There
Work
Sociable
And
Totally
Fun
(b)
Comfortable
Short
Every
Excellent

Preposition
Verb
Adverb
Noun
Adjective
conjunction
Adverb
Noun
pleasant
highly popular
your
local.

quiet
lovely
marvelous

Question No.15
Put in the past participle of the verbs in brackets.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Whos__________ (break) this glass?

I can ride a bike but h havent___________ (ride) one for years.
Have you__________ (sell) your flat yet?
Its warm because the heating has_________ (be) on.

Answer
(a)
broken
(b)
ridden
(c)
sold
(d)
been
Question No.16
(a)
Decide if each underlined word is an ADJECTIVE and ADVERB.
i.
Do you have to play that music so loud?
ii.
Back already! That was quick.
iii.
Very young children travel free.
iv.
How are you? Very well thank you.
(b)

Match the three parts forming complete sentences by using who or which.
1 The Grand Canyon He was in prison for 27 years
2 Nelson Mandela
It sank in 1912.
3 The Titanic
It is over 200 miles long.

It was supposed to be unsinkable.

It is one of the wonders of the world
He became the president of South Africa

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Answers
(a)
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
(b)
1.
2.
3.

Adverb
Adjective
Adverb
Adjective
The Grand Canyon, which is over 200 miles long, is one of the wonders of the world.
Nelson Mandela, who was in prison for 27 years, became the president of South Africa.
The Titanic which sank in 1912 was supposed to be unsinkable.

Question No. 17
Make nouns from the following words:
(a)
(e)

wise
exclaim

(b)
(f)

correct
decide

(c)

true

(d)

able

Answer
(a)
Wisdom
(b)
Correction
(c)
Truth
(d)
Ability
(e)
Exclamation
(f)
Decision
Question No.18
Rewrite the sentences by inserting the adverbs in the right place:
(a)
We arrived home at about seven. (Safely)
(b)
Its nice to see you and Ali. (Always)
(c)
I like old cow boy films. (Quite)
Answer
(a)
We safely arrived home at about seven.
(b)
It is always nice to see you and Ali.
(c)
I like quite old cowboy films.
Question No.19
Make adjectives from the following nouns:
a.
f.

Play
Laugh

Answers
a.
playful
f.
laughable

b.
g.

Trouble
King

c.
h.

Man
Gift

d.

Courage

e.

b.
g.

troublesome
kindly

c.
h

manly
gifted

d.

courage ness e.

Silk

silky

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Question No. 20
Indicate whether the following statements are true of false:
a.
The first word in a sentence may be a conjunction.
b.
Every phrase contains a subject and a verb.
c.
There are two pronouns in this sentence: United strongly recommended the brand that we rejected.
d.
Interjections are used frequently in business writings.
Answer
a.
True
b.
False
c.
False
d.
False
Question No.21
Replace the underlined words by a single adjective ending in--ive, make any necessary changes in worder order.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

One side of a postage stamp is covered with a sticky substance.

A man who is opt to be moved by sudden impulse acts first and thinks after words.
Children are very apt to ask questions and often have memories more able to remember facts than adults.
A passage of writing whose purpose as to describe can be very difficult to summarize.
A great deal of damage was cause by the fire before it could be brought under control.

Answer
a)
One side of a postage stamp is covered with an adhesive substance.
b)
An impulsive man acts first and thinks afterwards.
c)
Children are inquisitive and often have more receptive memories.
d)
A passage of writing whose purpose is descriptive can be very difficult to summarize.
e)
A great deal of damage was caused by the fire before preventive measures could be taken.

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Chapter 2 [Part B]
CORRECTION OF SENTENCES / VERB
Question No.1
Use the correct forms of verb:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

If she (like) to be taught by me, I shall her.

Had he worked hard, he (get) through the examination.
If a fresh chance (give) to her, she will clear the test.
He told me that he (contact) me the next day.
The bus driver stopped the bus so that the passengers (get) down.

Answer
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

If she likes to be taught by me. I shall teach her.

Had he worked hard, he would have gotten through the examination.
If a fresh chance is given to her, she will clear the test.
He told me that he would contact me the next day.
The bus driver stopped the bus so that the passengers could get down.

Question No. 2
(a)

Write the given information in a single sentence in the correct word order:
i.
This is a chocolate bar, Its new. And its a big bar.
ii.
These shoes are modern. Theyre for sports. And theyre wonderful.
iii.
This fan is electric. Its excellent. And its small.

(b)

Complete this TV news report. Choose the correct form of verb. (Do paragraph. Write the answers
according to the number given.

Only Incomplete question b

Zedco has just announced that it made a loss of Rs.35 million last management (1) is/are well aware that
they have made mistakes. The press (2) all been printing stories and articles critical of the company. The Zedco

Answer
a)
i)
ii)
iii)
b)

1.
3.
5.

this is a new big chocolate bar.

these modern sports shoes are wonderful.
this small electric fire is excellent.
are
know
want

2.
4.
6.

has
are
has

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Question No. 3
Correct the following sentences:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

The basement of the hose is satisfactory but its roof needs repair.
The telephone has rang only twice in the past hour.
We were told to answer the ten last questions.
It is more cosmopolitan than any city in the state.
A car very similar with your is for sale.

Answer
i.
The basement of the house is satisfactory but its roof needs repair.
ii.
The telephone has rung only twice in the past hour.
iii.
We were told to answer the last ten questions.
iv.
It is more cosmopolitan than any other city in the state.
v.
A car very similar to yours is for sale.
Question No. 4
Put each of the following phrasal verbs in its correct place in the sentences below:
Bring up
Get over
Turn up
Come up
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)

Let down
Come into
Fall through

Put forward
Do away with
Break down

The growing use of credit cards may ultimately________ the use of cash altogether.
The subject of higher salaries will probably________ at the next meeting.
I dont think he will ever completely_________ his wifes death. He will always miss her.
Would you like to_________ any other matter before the meeting closes?
She is not a very strong person. I am afraid she might_________ when she hears the news.
I waited nearly an hour for them, but they didnt__________.
I am depending on you to pay me back the money on Monday. Please dont_________ me_________.
Id like to_________ a proposal. I suggest we start we production in Many.
He expects to_________ a lot of money in his grand fathers will.
After all the trouble youve taken. I hope your plans dont__________.

Answer
(a)
Do away with
(b)
Come up
(c)
Get over
(d)
Bring up
(e)
Break down
(f)
Turn up
(g)
Let down
(h)
Put forward
(i)
Come into
(j)
Fall through

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Question No. 5
Choose the correct answer.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

I cant stand people to ask/asking me questions all the time.

They stopped the car to have/having a chat with their friends.
Their house really needs to paint/painting.
He stopped to drive/driving because he was sleepy.

Answer
(i)
asking
(ii)
to have
(iii) painting
(iv)
driving
Question No. 6
Choose the correct form:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

The remains of the body was / were thrown into the sea.
Everyone was watching the football match / the of football.
Three house is / are long enough to look round the museum.
E-mail is a relatively new mean / means of communication.

Answer
(a)
were
(b)
the football match
(c)
is
(d)
means
Question No. 7
Choose the correct following.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Abdul Jabbar looked at me and tells me to sign the contract.

I will write the memorandum, and I am going to tell him about the drainage problem.
We have met your agent and we gave her our answer.
Amir received the crates on Monday but doesnt open them until today.

Answer
(i)
Abdul Jabbar looked at me and told me to sign the letter.
(ii)
I will write the memorandum, and tell him about the drainage problem.
(iii) We met your agent and gave her our answer.
(iv)
Amir received the crates on Monday but could not open them until today.
Question No. 8
Indicate whether the form of boldfaced verb is correct or incorrect.
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)

Tuesday we were busy. We had interviews and the telephones rung all morning.
When the manual arrived the cover was all tore up.
Last week our senior accountant quitted-up his job.
Stock prices have sunk to a new low this quarter.

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Answer
i)
Tuesday, we were busy. We had interviews and the telephones rang all morning.
ii)
When the manual arrived, the cover was all torn up.
iii)
Last week our senior accountant quit his job.
iv)
Stock prices have sunk to a new low this quarter.
Question No.9
Correct the following sentences.
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
vii)
viii)
ix)
x)

We will discuss you problem as soon as the committee leave.

The head of purchasing department gave me excellent advise.
We seldom call Ibrahim unless we need to place an order.
The mistake had all ready been corrected when I got your message.
My two sister-in-laws have opened an office in Faisalabad.
The data you provided is outdated.
The reason for his anger is because three tellers just resigned.
Just like she said, the computer was programmed by Mona.
Any one who works in personnel should of know the answer.
The copier is slow; moreover it is perfect for our project.

Answer
i)
We will discuss you problem as soon as the committee leaves.
ii)
The head of purchasing department gave me an excellent advice.
iii)
We seldom call Ibrahim to place on order.
iv)
The mistake had already been corrected when I got your message.
v)
The data you provided was outdated.
vi)
The reason for his anger is that three tellers have just resigned.
viii) Just as she said, the computer was programmed by Mona.
ix)
Any one who works as personnel should know the answer.
x)
The copier is slow, but it is perfect for our project.
Question No.10
Choose the correct form of verbs in the following.
a.
One-third of the dishes in the crate (was/were) broken.
b.
If Richard (was/were) in the city last week, he probably attended the convention.
c.
There (is/are) several important decision to be made.
d.
Ibrahim obviously wishes that he (was/were) in charge of his department.
e.
Every man and woman present (was/were) asked to sign the petition.
f.
Tracy would make a good department head if he (was/were) more forceful.
g.
Most of the writing on the first two pages (is/are) illegible.
h.
Harry told me that he would hire more salespeople if he (was/were) in my position.
Answer
a.
were
b.
were
c.
are
d.
were
e.
was
f.
were
g.
is
h.
were

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Question No.11
Put in the correct form of verbs
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Youre an idiot to go into teaching. Im going into business. In ten years time when you are (queue) at
the bus stop Ill be driving by in my Mercedes.
I visit a new country every year. By the time I (be) sixty I shall have visited all the most interesting
countries in the world.
Ann hoped that it would go on raining. She knew that the moment it (stop). Tom would want to go out.
I expected that Jack would be there when the train (arrive), but there was no sign of.
he said that he would lend me money whenever I (need) it.

Answer
a)
queuing
b)
am
c)
stopped
d)
arrived
e)
needed
Question No.12
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

to take pay and then not to work__________ dishonesty.

the cost of all these articles__________ risen.
the jury__________ divided in their opinion.
one or other of these fellows__________ stolen the watch.
a good man and useful citizen__________ passed away.

Answer
a)
is

b)

has

c)

were

d)

has

e)

has

Question No.13
Put the verb into the correct form, present perfect or past simple.
a)
b)
c)

When i___(get) home last night. I___(be) very tired and i___(go) straight to bed.
Your car looks very clean, you (wash) it?
George (be) not very well last week.

Answer
a)
When I got home last night, I was very tired and I went straight to bed.
b)
Your car looks very clean, have you washed it?
c)
George was not very well last week.
Question No.14
Put the verbs in the brackets into correct forms:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

When the painter felt the ladder (begin) (slip) he grabbed the gutter (save) himself from (fall).
The snow kept (fall) and the workmen grew tired of (try) (keep) the roads clear.
He offered (lend) me the money. I did not like (take) it but I had no alternative.
Do you remember (hear) the bombs (drop)?
Try (avoid) (be) late. He hates (be) kept (wait)

15

Answer
a)
When the painter felt the ladder begin to slip he grabbed the gutter to save himself from falling.
b)
The snow kept falling and the workmen grew tired of trying to keep the roads clear.
c)
He offered to lend me the money. I did not like to take it but I had no alternative.
d)
Do you remember hearing the bombs drop?
e)
Try avoid being late. He hates to be kept waiting.

Chapter 3 [Part B]
DIRECT INDIRECT
Question No.1
Change the following sentences into direct speech.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)

He begged us to give him another chance.

I asked him what time he would pick me.
I asked the travel agent for some brochures.
He told us that it had been raining while we were away.
Rehman asked what time the office would close that evening.
Sarah told her brother to be careful whilst crossing the road.

Answer
(i)
he said to us, Please, give me another chance.
(ii)
I said to him, What time will you pick me?
(iii) I said to the travel agent, Give me some brochures.
(iv)
He sad to us, It has been raining while you are away.
(v)
Rehman said, What time will the office close this evening?
(vi)
Sarah said to her brother, Be careful whilst crossing the road.
Question No.2
Change the narration:
The general, addressing his mutinous troops, said, You have brought disgrace upon a famous regiment. If you
had grievances, why did you not lay them before you own officers? You must first suffer punishment for your
offence, before your complaints can be heard.
Answer
The general addressed his mutinous troops that they had brought disgrace upon a famous regiment. He asked
them if they had grievances, why they had not laid them before their own officers. He further told them that
they must first suffer punishment for their offence, before their complaints could be heard.

16
Question No.3
Change the narration:
My teacher said to me, I was in the Conference Room when you came to seek guidance from me Contact me
when the classes are over
Oh! What a nice weather it is. Lets have a picnic, said my friend to me I replied. No I can not go to today. I
have a test tomorrow
Answer
My teacher told me that she had been in the Conference Room when I had gone to seek her guidance and asked
me to contact her when the classes were over.
My friend exclaimed with wonder, that it was a nice weather and suggested me to have a picnic. I replied that I
could not go that day as I had a test the next day.
Question No.4
Change the following into indirect speech:
a)
Munir said to Akbar, he will betray your trust
b)
He said, Alas! How foolish I have been.
c)
Sam said to me. I went there last night.
d)
She said to her friend. I shall not play with yu tomorrow
e)
She says, I go to my college by bus
Answer
a)
Munir told Akbar that he would betray Akbars trust.
b)
He exclaimed with sorrow that he had been very foolish.
c)
Sam told me that he had gone there the previous night.
d)
She told her friend that she would not play with her the next day.
e)
She says that she goes to her college by bus.
Question No.5
Change the following sentences into indirect speech:
a)
The price said, It gives me great pleasure to be here this evening.
b)
The price said, I shall go as soon as it is possible.
c)
He said, Let us wait for the reward
d)
Curse it, exclaimed the driver, who could have foreseen such ill-luck?
Answer
a)
The price said that it gave him great pleasure to be there that evening.
b)
He said that he would go as soon as it was possible.
c)
He proposed that they should wait for the reward.
d)
The driver exclaimed angrily that nobody could have foreseen such ill luck.

17
Question No.6
Rewrite the sentence in direct speech.
i)
When I asked his advice about taking the job, he seemed indifferent as to whether I accepted it or nor.
ii)
When questioned by the master about the disappearance of bicycle from the school cycle sheds two days
before, the boy flatly denied having had anything to do with it.
iii)
Peters request to his employer to have the next day off met with a blank refusal.
Answer
i)
I said to him, Please advise me, should I take this job or not? he shrugged and said, It is up to you.
ii)
The teacher said to the student. Do you know about the bicycle which disappeared form the school
sheds two days ago? the boy said, No Sir, I dont know anything about it
iii)
Peter said to his master, Please give me tomorrow off. The master sad, No. I cannot.
Question No.7
Put the following sentence into indirect speech:
i)
Dont put sticky things in your pockets, said his mother.
ii)
Please, please dont do anything dangerous, said his wife.
iii)
Go on apply for the job, said my friend. It would just suit you.
iv)
I should say nothing about it if I were you, said my brother.
v)
Would you please wait in the lounge till you flight number is called? she said.
Answer
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)

His mother forbade him to put sticky things in his pockets.

His wife implored him not to do anything dangerous.
My friend advised me to keep on applying for the job and assured that it would suit me.
My mother told that she should have said nothing about it if she had been in my place.
She advised me to wait in the lounge till my flight number was called.

Question No. 8
Chang the following into indirect speech:
i)
Do you suppose you know better than you own father? jeered his angry mother.
ii)
Always be polite to people you pass on the way up old politician advised the young diplomat: in case
you meet them again on your way down!
iii)
Ugh! Theres slag in my lettuce waiter! He cried.
iv)
You pressed the wrong button said the mechanic, dont do it again. You might have nasty accident.
v)
Come in and look round. There is no obligation to buy, said the shopkeeper.
Answer
i)
His mother asked derisively if he supposed to know more than his father.
ii)
Old politician exclaimed and advised the young diplomat to be always polite to people he passed on the
way up incase he me them again on his way down.
iii)
He exclaimed to the waiter that there was a slag in his lettuce.
iv)
The mechanic told him that he had pressed the wrong button. He forbade him to do it again and warned
that it might have caused a nasty accident.
v)
The shopkeeper invited him to come in and look around and told that there was no obligation to buy.

18
Question No.9
Write the sentences in reported speech:
i)
ii)
iii)

Its up to you to decide, but dont come and ask me for help if you get into difficulties.
Dont forget to take you passport with you.
For heavens sake stop asking me stupid question.

Answer
i)
ii)
iii)

I warn him that if he decides himself, he should not come and ask me for help in case he gets into
difficulties.
I advised him not to for get to take his passport with him.
He forbade me to asking him stupid questions.

Chapter 4 [Part B]
ACTIVE / PASSIVE VOICE
Question No.1
Change the voice of the following:
(i)
I know her
(ii)
I have arranged a party for him.
(iii) Someone has stolen the apparatus.
(iv)
Who taught you grammar?
(v)
The leaders are seeing a fair resolution to the crises.
(vi)
The CIA director and his close advisors have pursued a policy of whitewashing.
Answer
(i)
She is known to me.
(ii)
A party has been arranged for him.
(iii) The apparatus has been stolen.
(iv)
By whom grammar was taught to you?
(v)
A fair resolution to the crises is being sought by the leaders.
(vi)
A policy of whitewashing has been pursued by the CIA director and his close advisors.
Question No. 2
Change the voice:
1.
The rules forbid passengers to cross the railway line.
2.
He ordered the police to pursue the thief.
3.
Never insult the weak.
4.
My wallet was stolen by thief.
5.
The carpet is cleaned every day by the sweeper.
Answer
1.
Passengers are forbidden by the rules to cross the railway line
2.
The police were ordered by him to pursue the thief.
3.
Let the weak never be insulated.
4.
Thief stole my wallet.
5.
The sweeper cleans the carpet ever day.

19
Question No.3
(a)

Change the following active voice into passive voice

(i)
Mushraf has seen the blueprint of the new office building.
(ii)
She had visited Larkana.

(b)

Change the following passive voice into active voice.

(i)
these books have been read by Amira.
(ii)
Many scholars have been invited by the Headmaster of the school.
Answer
(a)
(i)
the blueprint of the new office building has been seen by Mushraf.
(ii)
Larkana had been visited by her.
(b)
(i)
Amira has read these books.
(ii)
Many scholars have been invited by the Headmaster of the school.
Question No.4
Change the voice in the following sentences:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)

All the ministers will see him off at the airport.

Everyone looked up to him.
Her story did not take them in.
They had towed my car away. They had done this because I had parked it under a No Parking sign.
You will have to pull down this sky scraper as you have not complied with the town planning
regulations.

Answer
(i)
He will be seen off by all the ministers at the airport.
(ii)
He was looked up to by everyone.
(iii) They were not taken in by her story.
(iv)
My car had been towed away by them. This had been done by them because it had been parked by me
under a No Parking, sign.
(v)
This sky-scraper will have to be pulled down by you as the town planning regulations have not been
complied with by you.
Question No.5
Rewrite the sentence in an alternative passive form, beginning you sentences with the underlined words.
(i)
It is said that he is an honest, hard working man.
(ii)
It is considered that this surgeon in as brilliant practitioner.
Answer
(i)
He is known to be an honest, hard-working man.
(ii)
this surgeon is considered to be a brilliant practitioner.

20
Chapter 5 [Part B]
PUNCTUATIONS
Question No.1
Punctuate the given passages:
(i)
We must find out which plane uncle is arriving on my mother said then we can phone the airport and
find out if its on time.
(ii)
Shazia asked what did Sanam say when you gave her the letter Alia replied as far as I can remember she
said thats good or something like that.
Answer
(i)
we must find out which plane uncle is arriving on, my mother said, then we can phone the airport and
find out if its on time.
(ii)
Shazia asked, What did Sanam say when you gave her the letter? Alia replied, As far as I can
remember, she said, thats good or some ting like that.
Question No.2
Punctuate correctly:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

I can hear the birds singing cant you.

one should try to keep ones word dont you agree alia.
if there is a storm anna said the concert will be postponed until next Saturday.
there was servers storm ahmed told us the final match was abandoned it will be next Monday.

Answer
(i)
I can hear the birds singing. Cant you?
(ii)
One should try to keep ones word. Dont you agree, Alia?
(iii) if there is a storm, Anna said, the concert will be postponed until next Saturday.
(iv)
there was severe storm, Ahmad told us, the final match was abandoned. It will be next Monday.
Question No.3
Punctuate the following sentences:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)

Sarah screamed at the top of her voice a ghost.

You are deafening me exclaimed the ghost.
Sorry said Sarah.
Are you really a ghost asked Sarah after a moment.
The ghost sighed what do you think.
Sarah said I can see through you.

Answer
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)

Sarah screamed at the top of here voice ,A ghost!

You are deafening me! exclaimed the ghost.
Sorry, said Sarah.
Are you really a ghost? asked Sarah after a moment.
The ghost sighed, What do you think?
Sarah said, I can see through you

21
Question No.4
Replace the underlined phrases with the possessive form:
(i)
Cheerful sounds of people filled the circus tent.
(ii)
The laughter of the audience was loud as clowns did their tricks.
(iii) The costumes of the acrobats were amazing.
(iv)
The tricks of the animals were fun to watch.
(v)
Some people covered their eyes during the performance of the tightrope walker.
Answer
(i)
Peoples cheerful sounds.
(ii)
The audiences laughter.
(iii) The acrobats costumes
(iv)
The animals tricks
(v)
The tightrope walkers performance.
Question No.5
Punctuate the following paragraph:
I wonder if you do me a favour Ali asked his sister certainly she replied what is it I have got to go out all said
but I m expecting a phone call from Ahmed if he phones would you mind taking a message for me no problem
Sana said.
Answer
I wonder if you do me a favour, Ali asked his sister, certainly, she replied, what is it? I have got to go
out Ali said, but I am expecting a phone call from ahmed. If he phones, would you mind taking a message for
me? No problem, Sana Said.
Question No.6
Punctuate the following paragraph:
Excuse me the stranger said could you tell me where the nearest police station is maryam gave the man
directions and then said you better go by taxi theres a taxi over many thanks the man said he turned and
walked across the road to get a taxi.
Answer
Excuse me, the stranger said, could you tell me where the nearest police station is. Maryam gave the man
directions and them said, You better go by taxi, theres a taxi over there. Many thanks, the man said. He
turned and walked across the road to get a taxi.
Question No.7
Punctuate the following:
Does your brother still work in a bank Sarah asked me yes I said he is an assistant manager now he was
promoted after he passed the final exam of the institute of banker oh thats good news.
Answer

22
Does your brother still work in a bank? Sarah asked me. yes, I said, he is an assistant manager now. He
was promoted after he passed the final exam of the institute of Bankers. Oh! That is good news.

Chapter 6 [Part B]
INITIALS & ABBREVIATIONS
Question No.1
What do the following abbreviations stand for?
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)

GMT
UFO
WHO
FOB
MOU
IMF

Answer
i)
Greenwich Mean Time
ii)
Unidentified Flying Object
iii)
World Health Organization
iv)
Free on Board
v)
Memorandum of Understanding
vii)
International Monetary Fund

23
Chapter 7 [Part B]
ARTICLES
Question No.1
Put in a, an, the and complete the passage about pollution and the environment:
(Do not copy passage)
There was (i) Programme on television about dangers to (ii) environment. There was also (iii) article about
pollution in the paper. (iv) ozone layer will continue to disappear if we dont find a way to stop int. last year, (v)
oil tanker spilled oil into (vi) sea. Damaging wild life. If (vii) earth was (viii) human being. It would be in
hospital.
Answer
i.
a
iii.
an
v.
an
vii
the

ii
iv
vi
viii

the
the
the
a

Question No.2
Complete the story about the theft of a car in Karachi. Put in a, an, the in the blank.
This is a true story about (1) man who choose (2) possible time for his crime. It happened in Karachi in (3)
winter of 2001. he stole a car in: Karachi (4) owner of (5) car soon discovered that it was missing and
immediately informed (6) police so that they could look for it. Normally Karachi is quite (7) busy place and it
would be difficult to find what you were looking for. On this day, however, there was (8) strike and so there
were only few cars moving around in the city. Luckily (9) thief was quickly found and arrested for (10) illegal
attempt.
Answer
This is a true story about a man who chose the worst possible time for his crime. It happened in Karachi in the
winter of 2001. he stole a car in Karachi. The owner of the car soon discovered that it was missing and
immediately informed the police so that they could look for it. Normally, Karachi is quite a busy place and it
would be difficult to find what you were looking for. On this day, however, there was a strike and there were
only few cars moving around in the city. Luckily the thief was quickly found and arrested for the illegal
attempt.
Question No.3
Put the, a or an into these sentences if necessary:
a)
play-house is old theater, but it puts on modern plays.
b)
Swiss Alps are good place to go if you like skiing. There is usually plenty of now during winter months.
c)
this is toughest steak I have ever eaten. It is last time I eat in this restaurant.
Answer
a)
The Play-house is an old theater, but it puts on modern plays.
b)
The Swiss alpha is a good place to go if you like skiing. Thee is usually plenty of snow during the winter
months.
c)
This is the toughest steak I have ever eaten. It is the last time I eat in this restaurants.

24
Question No.4
Insert articles:
i)
ii)
iii)

Mr. Andrews, who is_________ friend of father, took us all for _________ drive. I sat near to
_________ during the winter months.
He followed_________ letter, but not___________ spirit of___________ law.
_________ safest place in England is___________ first class carriage in____________ express train.

Answer
i)
Mr. Andrews, who is a friend of father, took us all for a drive. I sat near to the driver and had a fine
time.
ii)
He followed the letter, but not the spirit of the law.
iii)
The safest place in England is the first class carriage in an express train

25
Chapter No.8 [Part B]
PREPOSITION
Question No.1
Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition:
(i)
He lives________ 19, Tower Road.
(ii)
Tom and his friend will divide the money________ themselves.
(iii) he has been away_________ Friday.
(iv)
John, Tim and Sara will discuss the matter_________ themselves.
(v)
I have known her_________ last year.
(vi)
There are many possibilities__________ the one I have mentioned.
Answer
(i)
At
(ii)
Between
(iii) Since
(iv)
Among
(v)
Since
(vi)
Besides
Question No.2
Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions:
(i)
Farmers rely on their knowledge of the soil__________ plantation.
(ii)
Wheat, cotton and sugarcane are three__________ the most important crops.
(iii) Both men and women help___________ the planting of seeds.
(iv)
Wheat is ground__________ two flat stones to make flour.
(v)
Corn is roasted__________ fire.
(vi)
Cooking is usually done_________ clay pots.
Answer
(i)
For
(ii)
Of
(iii) In
(iv)
Between
(v)
On
(vi)
In

Question No.3
Insert suitable prepositions in the following sentences:
(i)
he purposely refrained___________ saying more.
(ii)
I exchanged my calculator________him_________ a camera.
Answer
(i)
From
(ii)
With, for

26
Question No.4
Make the sentences from the words given below, each of the word must be followed by a preposition:
(i)
Contrast
(ii)
Desirous
(iii) Prejudice
(iv)
Prepared
Answer
(i)
He white hair was in sharp contrast to his dark skin.
(ii)
He is always desirous of getting his name in the papers.
(iii) He went to the head teacher alleging that I was prejudiced against his daughter.
(iv)
They seem prepared to compromise with this unpleasant situation.
Question No.5
Fill in the blanks with correct preposition:
Karachi Secondary Board reached (1) the final (2) Pakistan Inter board Cricket Tournament after defeating
Lahore board (3) the semi-final (4) four wickets (5) Asghar Ali Shah Stadium, Karachi.
Answer
Karachi Secondary Board reached X the final of Pakistan Inter board Cricket Tournament after defeating
Lahore board in the semi-final by four wickets at Asghar Ali Shah Stadium, Karachi.
Question No.6
Fill in the blanks with suitable preposition:
(i)
I am not familiar_________ your style of working.
(ii)
Amir is fond _________ music.
(iii) Your pencil is lying_________ the table.
(iv)
I prefer juice_________ tea.
Answer
(i)
I am not familiar with your style of working.
(ii)
Amir is fond of music.
(iii) Your pencil is lying on table.
(iv)
I prefer juice to tea.
Question No.7
Insert prepositions in the following:
a.
These terms are very harsh; I doubt that CEO will agree__________ them.
b.
I am afraid that I have to agree__________ your opinion about the new actuary.
c.
The trainees are not yet conversant_________ our mode of operation.
d.
The new aircraft that your firm purchased are identical__________ ours.
e.
Before long a prospective buyer will walk__________ the office.
f.
The fireplace is a reminiscent__________ those found in Victorian architecture.
g.
The paper weight fell_________ his desk.
h.
The president was accompanied__________ the firms chief counsel.

27
Answer
a.
to
b.
with
c.
with
d.
with
e.
into
f.
of
g.
off
h.
by
Question No.8
Put in the correct prepositions after care. If no preposition is needed, leave the space empty.
a)
Hes very selfish. He doesnt care__________ people.
b)
Are you hungry? Would you care__________ something to eat?
c)
She doesnt care__________ the examination. Shes not worried whether she passes or fails.
d)
Please let me borrow your camera. I promise Ill take good care_________ it. Do you like the coat?
Not really, I dont care__________ the colour.
Answer
a)
about
b)
for
c)
about
d)
of, about
Question No.9
Put in suitable prepositions.
i)
He spoke.me.his hands.his pockets.
ii)
I am bringing an old bookleather covers.youthe evening.dinner.
iii)
Theres a knock..the door. Who can be calling.us.this late hour?
Answer
i)
to, with, in
ii)
with, for, in, on
iii)
at, for, at
Question No.10
Complete the sentences using for or since
(i)
Latif has been the manager of Space Travel in Islamabad_________ three years.
(ii)
Ive live in Rome_________ I was two.
(iii) Mr.Waris hasnt been feeling well_________ over a month.
(iv)
Ive only been waiting_________ five minutes.
(v)
Hes been in Japan__________ 1993.
Answer
(i)
For
(ii)
Since
(iii) For
(iv)
For
(v)
Since

28
Question No.11
Replace the words underlined with a compound preposition formed from the word in brackets and make any
other necessary changers.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

All those who think that we should on strike, raise hands (Favour)
If you believe what it saves in the papers, we are in for a crisis. (According)
Speaking as a representative of the committee, I should like to thank you all for what you have done.
(Behalf)
Taking into consideration the number of absences. I have decided that no body will get a certificate.
(View)
Even though there was deep snow everywhere, he decided to go out. (Spite)

Answer
a)
All these who are in favor of strike, raise hands.
b)
According to papers, we are in for a crisis.
c)
On behalf of the committee, I should like to thank you all for what you have done.
d)
In view of the number of absences, I have decided that no-body will get a certificate.
e)
In spite of deep snow everywhere, he decided to go out.
Question No.12
Put suitable proposition in the blanks.
i)
No doubt, he has achieved much, but I cant give him credit________ all that he boasts_________.
ii)
He is descended_________ a noble family.
iii)
He was stabbed_________ a lunatic_________ a dagger.
Answer
i)
No doubt, he has achieved much, but I cant give him credit for all that he boasts of.
ii)
He is descended from a noble family.
iii)
He was stabbed by lunatic with a dagger.
Question No.13
Select the appropriate words in the following sentences.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Mr. Salahuddin asked us to make sure that the new manual was in conformity (to, with) company style.
As you can see, Jack, the revised agenda is different (from, than) the original one.
Mr. Shafi immediately noticed that there was a discrepancy (in, between among) the section on metric
measurements.
Mr. jaunty Rhodes wants to make an appointment to see you (in regards, in regard) to union regulations.
We are confident that most of the committee member will agree (on, to, upon) our plan.

Answer
a)
with
b)
from
c)
in
d)
in regard
e)
to

29
Chapter No 9
SENTENCE STRUCTURE
Question No.1
Indicate whether each sentence is a declarative, interrogative, imperative or exclamatory sentence and also
And write the correct end punctuation for each sentence once you have identified the type of sentence.
1.
What kind of internet job is Ahmed looking for?
2.
He wants to be a Web master.
3.
Tell me something about Web masters
4.
Web masters manage sites on the World Wide Web.
5.
They are also employed by companies in the computer and entertainment business.
6.
Do you know how many companies hire Web masters?
7.
Think abut the number of companies that have websites these days.
8.
Wow there must be lots of jobs.
Answer
1.
Interrogative
2.
Declarative
3.
Imperative
4.
Declarative
5.
Declarative
6.
Interrogative
7.
Imperative
8.
Exclamatory

?
.
.
.
.
?
.
!

Question No.2
Re-arrange the group of words in each sentence below such that the sentence makes complete sense:
1.
Sir built Christopher Wren was by Saint Pauls Cathedral
2.
fine for manufacture is the noted cutely of Sheffield.
3.
But is not a fish a mammal a whale.
4.
The talons with its eagle seizes its strong prey.
5.
The country set up William in the printing press first.
Answer
1.
Saint Pauls Cathedral was built by Sir Christopher Wren.
2.
The cutlery of Sheffield is noted for fine manufacture.
3.
A whale is not a fish but a mammal.
4.
The eagle seizes its prey with its strong talons.
5.
William set up the first printing press in the country.
Question No.3
Convert the following negatives into affirmatives:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)

Nobody was hurt.

No man could have done better.
There is no smoke without fire.
There was no one present who did not shout with joy.
I never in my life developed a plan and failed to implement it.

30
Answer
(i)
Everybody was hurt.
(ii)
Every man could have done better.
(iii) There is smoke without fire.
(iv)
Everyone present there shouted with joy.
(v)
I have always developed and implemented the plans in my life.
Question No.4
Put the words in the right order to form a statement
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Enough/ isnt/ loud/ the alarm

A member/anymore/of the club/I am not.
Are/just/the others/ready/getting
A lot/cards/play/the children.

Answer
(i)
Isnt the alarm loud enough?
(ii)
I am not a member of the club anymore.
(iii) The others are just getting ready.
(iv)
The children play cards a lot.
Question No.5
a.

give examples of declarative, imperative, exclamatory and interrogative sentences. (One example of
each kind of sentence).

b.

separate the predicate in the following sentences:

i.
he shot an arrow into the air.
ii.
the soldier stood on the burning deck.
iii.
no man can serve two masters.
iv.
the dewdrops glitter in the sunshine.

Answer
a.
i.
loins and tigers belong to the cat family. (Declarative)
ii.
come and have a cup of tea. (imperative)
iii.
what a silly ideal! (Exclamatory)
iv.
why doesnt she just tell him what she thinks? (interrogative)
b.
simple predicate
complete predicate
i.
shot
shot an arrow into the air.
ii.
stood
stood on the burning deck.
iii.
can serve
can serve two masters.
iv.
glitter
glitter in the sunshine.

31
Question No.6
Change the following sentences into Negative Interrogative sentences:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

she went to receive her son at the airport.

most of the strikers got arrested yesterday.
he bought two Urdu books from the shop.
he went to college yesterday.
she answered all the question in time.

Answer
a.
did not go to receive her son at the airport?
b.
did not most of the strikers get arrested yesterday?
c.
did not he buy two Urdu books from the shop?
d.
did not he go to college yesterday?
e.
did not she answer all the question in time?
Question No 7
In the following sets of sentences, indicate the sentence which will be the business communication:
i.

ii.

iii.

iv.

(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(c)

You could of paid this bill from the cash drawer.

You could have paid this bill from the cash drawer.
You could have payed this bill from the cash drawer.
The plant will be closed on Monday.
I wish to say that the plant will be closed on Monday.
It is important to note that the plant will be closed on Monday.
The reason he is hurrying is because the boss is waiting for him.
He is hurrying because the boss is waiting on him.
He is hurrying because the boss is waiting for him.
they say that the prices will climb, and that interest rates will be higher.
The say that the prices will climb and that interest rates will be higher.
Economists predict higher prices and higher interest rates.

Answer
i.
b
ii.
c
iii.
c
iv.
c
Question No.8
Revise these sentences to be positive rather than negative:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

To avoid the loss of your credit rating, please remit payment within ten days.
We dont make refunds on returned merchandise that is spoiled.
Because we are temporarily out ob Baby Cry dolls, we wont be able to ship your order for ten days.
you failed to save your credit rating, you consider to remit payment within ten days.

32
Answer
i.
We wish, to save your credit rating, you consider to remit payment within ten days.
ii.
We are sorry our companys policy does not allow refund on spoiled merchandise.
iii.
Because we are temporarily out ob Baby Cry Dolls, we will be able to ship your order after ten days.
iv.
We could not find colour of the blouse in your order letter.
Question No.9
Complete the sentences, following one of the patterns for conditions:
(a)
What if you were in my shoes?
(b)
If I wouldnt think of changing my job.
(c)
How would you react if?
(d)
If only you would read more carefully.
(e)
Do you think I would be telling you this if.
Answer
(a)
Would happen
(b)
You helped me
(c)
I teased you
(d)
You could understand
(e)
You requested me?
Question No.10
Convert the errors in parallelism in the following sentences:
a)
This product is sturdy, light, and costs very little.
b)
Mr. Khursheed said to check the value of the property and that our insurance should be increased.
c)
You need both a completed medical form and to get your supervisors approval.
d)
Plaza supplies has a reputation of being both hones and to be fair.
e)
Complete the enclose form and return it to us today, or call our toll-free number.
Answer
a)
This product is sturdy, light and cheap.
b)
Mr. Khursheed said to check the value of the property and to increase our insurance.
c)
You need both a completed medical form and your supervisors approval.
d)
Plaza supplies has a reputation of being both hones and fair.
e)
complete the enclosed form and return it to us today, or call our toll-free number.
Question No.11
Combine the following sentences into one by using a conjunction:
a)
the storm abated in the morning. The tree in the garden had been up.
b)
He was glad to reach home. He walked through the driving rain.
c)
The prisoner fell down on his knees. The prisoner begged for mercy.
d)
My bother was not there. My sister was not there.
e)
Men have fought for their country. Men have died for their country.
Answer
a)
The storm abated in the morning before the tree in the garden had been uproot.
b)
He was glad to reach home as he walked through the driving lane.
c)
The prisoner fell down on his knees and begged for mercy.
d)
My brother as well as my sister were not there.
e)
Men have fought and died for their country.

33
Question No.12
Join the sentences, using noun clauses:
a)
the sun sometimes shines in England. He seems surprised to discover this
b)
old-age pensions were still miserably low. The opposition deplored this fact.
c)
your bank manager wont land you money without dont away with the idea that he will.
d)
he had not telephoned his friend. His friend later understood why.
e)
he manages to reconcile the two things. I just dont know how he does it.
Answer
a)
that the sun sometimes shone in England, surprised him.
b)
the opposition deplored the fact that old age pensions were still miserably low.
c)
incorrect Sentence.
d)
that he had not telephoned was later understood by his friend.
e)
how he manages to reconcile the two things is not understood by me.
Question No.13
Rewrite the following sentences, improving the arrangement:
a)
for sale, piano, the property of a musician, with carved legs.
b)
the captain took the things which the gods provided with thankful good humour.
c)
the man ought to be brought to a magistrate who utters such threats.
d)
a nurse maid is wanted for a baby about twenty
Answer
a)
The piano with carved legs, the property of a musician, is for sale.
b)
The captain, with thankful good humour, took the things which gods provided.
c)
The man, who utters such threats, ought to be brought to a magistrate.
d)
A nurse, about twenty years old, is wanted for a baby.
e)
Only five lives were fortunately lost, in thirty seven weeks.

34
Chapter 10 [Part B]
SYNTHESIS OF SENTENCES
Question No.1
Combine each of the simple sentences given below into one complex sentence containing on adverbial clause.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

He fled abroad. His pursuers could not catch him.

He was exhausted. He fell asleep immediately.
I may support you. I may not support you. You are going to fail the exam.
He snored a very loud sound. Everyone could hear him.
The members arrived. The meeting was resumed.

Answer
a)
He fled abroad so that his pursuers could not catch him.
b)
He was so exhausted that he fell asleep immediately.
c)
Whether I support you or not, you are going to fail the examination.
d)
He snored such a loud sound that everyone could hear him.
e)
The members arrived when the meeting was resumed.
Question No.2
Match the sentence pairs and join them with which.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)

My cousin has broken his leg_________ that was rather careless of you.
The sergeant sealed off the road_________ it means I cant read my e-mail.
My uncle paid the bill_________ it means he cant move about very easily.
You forgot the tickets in the car_________ that was very kind of him.
My computer is out of order__________ that caused a traffic jam.

Answer
(i)
My cousin has broken his leg which means he cant move about very easily.
(ii)
The sergeant sealed off the road which caused a traffic jam.
(iii) My uncle paid the bill which was very kind of him.
(iv)
You forgot the tickets in the car which was rather careless of you.
(v)
My computer is out of order which means I can not read my e-mail.
Question No.3
Combine each pair of sentences. Use a preposition if necessary.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Weve advised Maria. She should get a lawyer.

Im getting bored. Ive been sitting on the beach.
The food was too cold. Farah couldnt eat it.
How about it? Shall we go to the Bar-B-Q?

Answer
(i)
We have advised Maria to get a lawyer.
(ii)
I am getting bored while sitting on the beach.
(iii) The food was too cold for Farah to eat.
(iv)
How about going to the Bar-B-Q?

35
Question No.4
Synthesize the following sentences:
The hungry girl hurriedly ate up the rest of the bread. She saw the land lady coming. The land lady was angry at
the girl. The girl apologized. The lady did not forgive her. She punished her.
Answer
Seeing the landlady coming, the hungry girl hurriedly ate up the rest of the bread; being angry at the girl and
unwilling to forgive or accept an apology, the landlady punished her.
Question No.5
Read each advertisement carefully and write the information in a single sentence.
(a)
(b)
(c)

This generator is for business. Its Korean. And its powerful.

These doors are wooden. Theyre for your bedroom. And theyre stylish.
This phone is a mobile. Its English. And its very good.

Answer
(a)
(b)
(c)

This powerful Korean generator is for business.

These stylish wooden doors are for your bedroom.
This English mobile phone is very good.

Question No.6
Combine each set of sentences into one simple sentence by using nouns or phrases in apposition.
a)
b)

A cow gives milk. Milk is a valuable food.

Pakistan Steel Mill was set tip by the Russians. It is a large organization.

Answer
a)
b)

A cow gives milk, a valuable food.

Pakistan Steel Mill, a large organization, was set up by the Russians.

36
Chapter 11 [Part B]
TENSES
Question No.1
Insert the correct tense of verb in the following:
(i)
Wherever he (find) a job there was someone who (know) that he had been to prison.
(ii)
Recent research (show) that Columbus (not) discover America.
Answer
(i)
found, knew
(ii)
shows, did not.
Question No.2
Say if the second sentence is about the Present or Future:
(i)
Theres football on TV tonight. I might watch it.
(ii)
This train is never on time. We always arrive late.
(iii) Im busy. Im cooking a meal at the moment.
(iv)
I dont want to go out. I might watch a video later.
Answer
(i)
Future
(ii)
Present
(iii) Present
(iv)
Future
Question No.3
Complete the conversation. Use, will, be going to or a present tense.
Arif: Hello. Where are you going?
Hassan: To my evening lass. Im learning French and next week_______ (1/have) a chance to speak it for
real._______ (1/go) to France for three weeks_______ (leave) on Friday,_______ (1/visit) some friends there.
Arif:_______ (that/be) nice.
Hassan: well, Id better hurry. My lesson, (start) at half past seven, and its twenty five past now.
Arif: Okay. Come and see me when________ (you/get) back from France.
Hassan: Thanks________ (send) you an email.
Answer
Ill have
Ill visit
Thatll be
Starts
You get
Ill send.

37
Question No.4
Fill in the past tense or past participle of the verb given:
a.
He has not yet (begin) exercise.
b.
He (stop) and (ring) the bell.
c.
She has often (sign) that song.
d.
The treasurer (sink) to the bottom and was (lose).
e.
The river has (overflow) its banks.
f.
The cart (load) with hay went slowly along.
g.
He (remove) his coat and (hand) it on a nail.
h.
He was (hand) early this morning.
Answer
a.
begun
b.
stopped, rang
c.
sung
d.
sank, lost
e.
overflow
f.
loaded.
g.
removed, hung
h.
hanged
Question No.5
Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs or auxiliary.
a)
Even if he paid me to do so, I________ not live in his house.
b)
He begged that we________ pardon him.
c)
He behaves as one________ expect him to do.
d)
Could you doubt that there________ a God?
e)
We ran so that we________ arrive in time?
Answer
a)
would
b)
should
c)
will
d)
is
e)
could
Question No.6
Complete the sentences, using the present simple or past simple of the verbs suggested.
a)
I understood exactly what (mean)
b)
Everything he tells me. (not believe)
c)
Listen! Theres someone at the door (check)
e)
John when he was young. (resemble)
Answer
a)
You meant
b)
I dont believe
c)
Check
d)
Doesnt match
e)
Resembled you

38
Question No.7
Complete the conversation using the present simple or the past simple of the verbs in brackets.
i)
ii)
iii)

I know Sally Robinson, Really? How long have (you/know) her? Oh, for quite a long time now.
When_______ (you/first/meet) her?
________(your husband/ever/have) pneumonia? Yes, he (have) it twice. He (had) it ten years ago, and
one when he (be) a child
(Its 10 Oclock in the morning) ________ (you/see) Mrs. Carter this morning? Yeas. I (see) her when
i (arrive) in the office, but she (go) out soon-after ward.

Answer
i)
(you known), (did you first meet)
ii)
(do your husband have), (had), (had), (was)
iii)
(did you see), (saw), (arrived), (went)
Question No.8
Rewrite the sentences, using the verbs in brackets in the gerund, participle or infinitive form:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

After (get) (know) him better, I regretted (judge) him unfairly.

The man the police found (act) suspiciously in the shop door-way was charged with (loiter) with
internet.
A job worth (do) is worth (do) well.
Dont stand there (do) nothing.
He tried (speak) German but found he couldnt. his attempts at (speak) Spanish were equally
unsuccessful.

Answer
a)
After (getting) to know him better I regretted (judging) him unfairly.
b)
The man the police found (acting) suspiciously in the shop doorway was charged with (loitering) with
intent.
c)
A job worth (doing) is worth (doing) well.
d)
Dont stand her (to do) nothing.
e)
He tried (to speak) German but found he couldnt. his attempts (at speaking) Spanish were equality
unsuccessful.
Question No.9
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)

He suddenly (realize) that he (travel) in the wrong direction.

As I (cross the road. I (step) on a banana skin and (fail) (heavily).
Rome (be, capture) by her enemies if the geese had not cackled.
I looked over the wall and (see) Mr. Mohsin. He (plant) cabbages and (be) too busy to speak to me.

Answer
i)
He suddenly (realized) that he (was traveling) in the wrong direction.
ii)
As I (was crossing) the road. I (stepped) on a banana skin and (fell) heavily.
iii)
Rome (would have been captured) by her enemies if the geese had not cackled.
iv)
I looked over the wall and (saw) Mr. Mohsin. He (was planting) cabbages and (was) too busy to speak to
me.

39
Chapter 12 [Part B]
DO AS DIRECTED
Question No.1
Do as directed
(a)
Change the narration:
The teacher became angry with the student and said, Why have you disturbed the class in this way? I
have told you before that when I am speaking, you should be silent. Leave the room and do not return
(b)

Punctuate the following:

Is that you bill she exclaimed at last yu have come she continued is not it great yes I said cheerfully I
had to return at the completion of my PhD.

(c)

Change the voice of the following sentences:

(i)
Open your book to page twenty-four.
(ii)
I was shocked to hear that news.
(iii) He should have passed the test.
(iv)
They say that their servant is honest.
(v)
Who gave you this pen?

Answer
(a)
The teacher became angry with the student and asked him why he had disturbed the class in that way.
She added that she had told him before that when she was speaking he should be silent. She further
ordered him to leave the room and not return that day.
(b)
(c)

Is that you, Bill? she exclaimed. I had to return at the completion of my PhD.
(i)
let you book be opened to page twenty four.
(ii)
Hearing of that news shocked me.
(iii) The test should have been passed by him.
(iv)
It is said by them that their servant is honest.
(v)
By whom this poem was given to you?

Question No.2
Do as directed.
(i)
At_______ end of_______ busy day________ sleep is________ best tonic.
(insert articles, where necessary)
(ii)
The main export _______ Iran is oil. Many people died________ starvation
(insert suitable prepositions)
(iii) they send report every week. He is writing a letter (change the voice)
(iv)
he (climb) the stairs when he (trip) and (fall) luckily, he (not hart) himself. (put the verbs in the correct
tense)
(v)
Pedros typing isnt as bad as Marks. (Re-write the sentence using the comparative degree of bad)
(vi)
Ive never lived in such a big town before (re-write the sentence using the superlative degree of big)
Answer
(i)
The, a, x, the
(ii)
Of, of
(iii) Report is sent by them every week. A letter is being written by him.
(iv)
He climbed the stairs when he tripped and fell. Luckily, he did not hurt himself.
(v)
Markss writing is worse than Pedros.
(vi)
This is the biggest town I have ever lived in.

40
Question No.3
Do as directed:
i.
________ Man is mortal. (Use appropriate article, if necessary)
ii.
________ only chance you are left with is to re-appear next year. (Use appropriate article, if necessary)
iii.
________ apple________ day keeps________ doctor away. (Use appropriate article. If necessary)
iv.
Doctor will operate________ my mother tomorrow. (Use appropriate preposition)
v.
The principal has assured me to look________ my application sympathetically. (Use appropriate
preposition).
vi).
I usually go________ my office_________ 8:30 AM________ the morning. (Use appropriate
preposition)
Answer
i.
no article is required
ii.
the
iii.
an, a, the
iv.
on
v.
into
vi.
to, at, in
Question No.4
Do as required:
a)

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:

i)
I (look) out before I (go) to bed and (see) a man standing on the opposite pavement watching the
house. When I (get up) the following morning he (be) still there, and I (wonder) whether he
(stay) there all night or if he (go) away and (come) back.
ii)
I (find) later that I (use) an out-of date time table.

b)

Insert article, pronouns, adjectives and adverbs in the blanks in the following sentence.
On the plane he met a ______lady who was_______ MBA teacher. _______ had_______ immense
caliber to encourage_______ students. He________ sat beside________ so as to ask________
some_______ question.
Answer
a)
i)
I had (looked) out before I (went) to bed and (saw) a man standing on the opposite pavement
watching the house. When I (got) up the following morning he (was) still there, and I (wondered)
whether he (had stayed) there all night of if he (had gone) away and (came) back.
ii)
I (found) later that I (had used) an out-of-date time-table.
b)

On the plane he met a young-lady who was an MBA teacher. She had an immense caliber to encourage
her students. He instantly sat beside her so as to ask her some important question.

Question No.4
Do as required:
a)
Complete the sentences with the past simple or the past progressive of the verbs in brackets.
i)
He (sleep) soundly when he (awaken) by a noise. He (go) down stairs to find out what (happen).
He (know) something must be wrong because the dog (Bark) furiously.
ii)
He (not take) my remarks seriously. Infect, be (think) I (joke).

b)

c)

d)

41
Rewrite the sentences, using the past simple tense for one of the verbs in each example, and the
present perfect tense for the remaining verbs.
i)
The students work (show) a striking improvement since the new teacher (take over) the class.
ii)
The manager (have) many problems to solve since he (take over) six months ago.
Rewrite sentences using the past simple or past perfect of the verbs in brackets, as appropriate.
i)
When Queen Victoria (die) in 1901, she (reign) for over 60 years.
ii)
Once they (settle) the agenda, the committee (circulate) it to all members of the society.
Revise the following sentence to make adjectives modify nouns and pronouns and to make adverbs,
modify verbs adjectives and other adverbs.
i)
If you take your lessons more seriously you will improve faster.
ii)
That perfume smelled similarly to my mothers.
iii)
Thinking about the accident, Jerry felt bad.
iv)
After playing poor for six games, the hockey team finally had a game that went good.

Answer
a)
i)

ii)
b)

i)

He (was, sleeping) soundly when he (was awakened) by a noise. He (went) down stairs to find
out what (was happing). He (knew) some timing was wrong because the dog was barking
furiously.
He (did not take) my remarks seriously. Infect, he (thought). I (was joking).

ii)

the students work (has shown) a striking improvement since the new teacher (took over) the
class.
The manager (has had) many problems to solve since he (took over) six months ago.

c)

i)
ii)

when Queen Victoria (died) in 1901, she (had reigned) for over 60 years.
Once they (had settled) the agenda, the committee (circulated) it to all members of the society.

d)

i)
ii)
iii)
iv)

if you take your lessons more casually you will improve quite slowly
That perfume smelled very similarly to my mothers.
Thinking about the accident, Jerry felt very bad.
After playing good for six games, the hockey team finally had a game-that went very good.

Question No.6
Do as required:
i)
Given below are sentences with a blank. The sentence is followed by four words. Choose the word that
best fits the meaning of the sentence.
a)
Because he is so_______. We can never predict what course he will take at any moment.
(1)
Capricious
(2)
Deleterious (3)
Conventional
(4)
Superficial
b)
The fire fighters spend many hours seeking the cause of the_______ in which so many people
were killed and so many others were hospitalized.
ii)
Supply the Correct tense of the verbs in brackets.
a)
This is the second time you (break) a cup; you (break) one yesterday. My last servant (never
break) any thing. And you (break) nearly half the things in the house.
b)
he (play) the part now If he (not offend) the producer at the last rehearsal.
c)
I (tell) a lie if I said that I (like) you.
iii)
Combine each group of sentences in any suitable way to from a multiple sentence.
a)
The family wanted to thank the man. He warned them of the danger. They did not know where
he lived.
b)
You may use the escalator. You may use the lift. It is tiring to walk-up to the sixth floor.
c)
People grow rich. They indulge in fine houses. They also cultivate expensive taste

42
iv)

Supply suitable prepositions:

I am going to Baba Island_________ Monday __________ Kamal. Would you like to come_________
us? Are you going_________ bus?

Answer
i)
a)
b)
ii)

a)
b)
c)

iii)

a)
b)
c)

iv)

Capricious
Conflagration
This is the second time you (have broken) a cup; you (broke) one yesterday. My last servant
(Had never broken) anything, and you (have broken) nearly half the things in the house.
he (would have played) the part now If he (had not offended) the producer at the last rehearsal.
I (told) a lie if I said that I (liked) you.
the family wanted to thank the man who warned them of the danger but they did not know were
he lived.
You may either use the escalator or the lift but it is tiring to walk up to the sixth floor.
when people grow rich, they indulge in fine houses, and cultivate expensive tastes.
I am going to Baba Island on Monday with Kamal, would you like to com along with us?
Are you going by bus?