Study of Geomagnetic Method for Mapping Buried Pipes In

ITS Campus Area

Triswan Mardani Ade Surya*, Yulia Nur Fajrina, Dr. Dwa Desa Warnana
(Note: * should be placed at the presenters name as shown above.)
Abstract- Magnetic survey is purpose to investigate a geology
subsurface which based on anomalies in the earth's magnetic field as
a result from the magnetic properties of the underlying rocks.
Anomalies in the earth's magnetic field are caused by induced or
remanent magnetism. Induced magnetic anomalies are the result of
secondary magnetization induced in a ferrous body by the earths
magnetic field. The geomagnetic method involves the measurement
of the earth's magnetic field intensity and generally the total magnetic
field is measured. For searching buried things at the subsurface
typically used to locate abandoned steel well casings, buried tanks,
pipes and metallic debris. The depth parameters for its buried things
would become important to proven for analyze the spreading. The
purpose of this study is to map and prove the geometry and position
of buried pipes in ITS campus area. In this study, for measurement of
geomagnetic survey used 5 meters for space between a point and
some variation of measurements used 3 meters for space to show the
grid influenced of geomagnetic anomaly. The Diurnal Correction,
Upward Continuation Multi-elevation, and Reduction to Pole
Correction will be applied for the data. A magnetic contour map will
be used for qualitative interpretation and Inversion Method will be
used for quantitative interpretation. The result of this study is
magnetic anomaly as a function of the orientation, geometry, depth,
and magnetic susceptibility of the body as well as the intensity and
inclination of the earth's magnetic field in the survey area. The body
which would become an interpretation target is the spreading of
buried pipes depth and position in ITS campus area.
Index Terms- Buried Pipes, Geomagnetic Method, Depth and
orientation of magnetic body, ITS campus

I. INTRODUCTION
Magnetic surveys occasionally have been used by geophysicist and
geologists to locate changes in rock type such as might be associated
with ore bodies, fault contacts, or igneous rocks Another common
application is determining the probable depth to basement beneath
sedimentary rocks. For these applications, the principal geologic
variable is the distribution of ferromagnetic minerals, mainly
magnetite, within the earth. The theory and survey procedures are
described in a variety of references
Usually magnetic surveys are used in hazardous waste site
investigations to locate gallon drums, underground storage tanks,
buried pipes, and the edges of covered landfills. These applications
usually involve shallow iron or steel objects, which influence the way
the surveys should be conducted and interpreted.
Based on problem which found, some buried pipe in ITS Campus
Surabaya could be hazardous waste and could disturb to build the
development facilities. Maps which contain depth parameters for its
buried things would become important to proven for analyze the
spreading. So the purpose of this study is to map and prove the
geometry and position of buried pipes in for investigation of
hazardous waste and also for complete the master plan data for
development plan.ITS campus area. This research is very useful

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Geomagnetic Methods (magnetic method) is a geophysical
method often used as a preliminary survey on exploration of
mineral rocks such gold minerals. Accuracy of measurement
methods. The relatively high magnetic and operation field is
relatively simple, easy and fast In general, the field anomaly
map Magnetic is somewhat complex, variation the terrain is
more erratic and localized as a result of the dipole magnetic
field which is a vector quantity. Map anomaly magnetic
showed a large number of residual anomaly is the result of a
variation magnetic minerals contained in rocks near the
surface.
Basic of geomagnetic method came from magnetic material
is placed in the external field H will produce a field separate
H' which enhances the value of total the material's magnetic
field. Induction the magnetic field is defined as Total material
written as:
(1)
Relations secondary field unit B in cgs is gauss, whereas in
exploration geophysics used unit gamma (g) and in SI is tesla
(T) or nanotesla (nT).
External Field (H) is define by magnetic field Strength at a
point within r of m1 is defined as force each magnetic poles
strength, can written as:
(2)
Where r is the distance from the measurement point m. H
has unit A / m in SI where as in cgs H have unit Oersted.
The level of a magnetic object to afford the magnetization is
determined by the susceptibility (k) magnetism, which is
written as:
I = kH
(3)
This quantity is the basic parameter used in the magnetic
method. The value of k on the rocks is even greater if are
composed by minerals that has natural magnetic properties.
In nature intensity of the magnetic field measured at top of
the surface of Earth is always changes with time. Magnetic
Field changes can happen in time relatively short or long. In
long period called secular variation which causes by variation
of field earth derived from variations often main magnetic
earth, as a result of changes in position of earth magnetic pole
and short period called daily variation which caused by
external magnetic field comes from rotation of the electric
current in the layer ionosphere the sourced come from particle
ionized by radiation sun the result current fluctuations that can
be the source of the magnetic field.

III.

RESEARCH

METHODOLOGY

Based on fig.2a we can determine location that indicate

have iron pipe or magnetic object buried below the surface by
looking at peak and low magnetic anomaly. If there are peak
and low magnetic anomaly are paired like a-a and b-b in
fig.2a that location could indicate have magnetic object or iron
pipe are buried below the surface. In order to interpret exact
location are buried we use inversion technique. This technique
is assumed the subsurface is arranged by tiny box, this tiny
box have different susceptibility value. This susceptibility
value is sum vertically then get calculate total field.

Fig.1 Diagram of methodology

The methodology for this research was explained in the

following diagram above. Before geomagnetic survey was
done, knowledge about geological setting and environment
condition must be applied for the acquisition plan &
understanding the result. Measurement of geomagnetic survey
used 5 meters for space between a point and some variation of
measurements used 3 meters for space to show the grid
influenced of geomagnetic anomaly. The Diurnal Correction,
IGRF Correction, Upward Continuation Correction will be
applied for the data. A magnetic contour map will be used for
qualitative interpretation and Inversion Method will be used
for quantitative interpretation. The result of this study is
magnetic anomaly as a function of the orientation, geometry,
depth, and magnetic susceptibility of the body as well as the
intensity and inclination of the earth's magnetic field in the
survey area.
IV. RESULT

Fig. 3 a Slicing Profile a-a, 3b subsurface susceptibility value based on

inversion technique

Fig. 3a showing the sliced anomaly value a-a line by blue

line and red line showing total field by inversion result. Fig.3a
showing misfit between total field measurement and total field
inverted result this misfit coming from limitation of
computational process in subsurface susceptibility modelling
and might be noises coming from measurement data that
complicate inversion process to get most suitable inversion
result. In this study a-a anomaly is taken based on field
survey that showing there are buried pipe on this location and
to easier validate inversion model that we create. Fig. 3b
showing inverted magnetic anomaly. In fig. 3b the iron pipe is
showed by highest susceptibility 0.35, this because iron pipe
has natural magnetic properties. Based on inversion result we
can conclude the iron pipe buried about 0.6 1 m below the
surface
V. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors very thankful to Dr. Dwa Desa Warnana for
guidance and comment on this work and geophysical
engineering student for sharing magnetic data.

Fig. 2 Filtered geomagnetic data using upward continuation filter (a) residual
magnetic anomaly (b) Regional magnetic anomaly

The result of measurement magnetic data is show in to

contour map after corrected by diurnal correction then filtered
using upward continuation filter to remove regional anomaly
and showing magnetic local anomaly can be seen in fig. 2. the
map showing magnetic anomalies in ITS campus. Magnetic
data above (fig. 2a) giving us information about shallow
magnetic anomaly below the. This magnetic anomaly may
contain magnetic anomaly that generate by iron pipe that
estimated buried about 1 1.5 m.

VI. REFERENCES
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