2010

Systems Analysis and

Design Structured
Methodology

Yusuf Altunel
stanbul Kultur University
29/03/2010

Table of Contents
Lab Studies_________________________________________________________________I
Table of Contents_________________________________________________________II
List of Figures____________________________________________________________III
List of Tables_____________________________________________________________III
Data Flow Diagrams: Student Registration System____________________1
System Description_______________________________________________________1
Course Selection:_______________________________________________________________1
Approvement___________________________________________________________________1
Get Semester Specific Information____________________________________________1

Context Level DFD________________________________________________________2

Level-0 Data Flow Diagram_______________________________________________3
Level-0 DFD: Process-1, Select Courses_________________________________4
Level-0 DFD: Process-2, Approve Registration__________________________4
Level-0 DFD: Process-3, Filter Offered Courses_________________________5
Level-0 DFD: Process-4, Get Semester Specific Info____________________5
Use case Diagram_________________________________________________________6
Glossary_________________________________________________________________________7
Actor Semantics________________________________________________________________7

Requirements______________________________________________________________8
Priority Definition______________________________________________________________8
Functional Requirements______________________________________________________9
Course Selection________________________________________________________________________9
Registration Form Approvement_________________________________________________________9
Course Filtering_________________________________________________________________________9
Semester Specific Info Maintenance____________________________________________________10

Non-Functional Requirements________________________________________________11

Entity-Relationship Diagram____________________________________________13
II

List of Figures
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure

2:
3:
4:
5:
6:

The
The
The
The
The

Context Level Data Flow Diagram of the Course Registration System___________2

level-0 DFD of the Course Registration System_________________________________3
DFD of Select Courses (Level-1)_______________________________________________4
first-cut use case diagram of the Course Registration System__________________6
Entity Relationship Diagram of the Course Registration System_______________14

List of Tables
Table 1: The Glossary of the Course Registration System_____________________________________7
Table 2: The actor semantics of the Course Registration System_____________________________7

III

Data Flow Diagrams: Student Registration System

Level-1 Data Flow Diagrams

System Description
Course Selection:
The student gets the courses offered for the current semester as well as the sections
of the course. The system gets students curriculum and filters out the courses that
cannot be registered. The system, adds the repeat courses to the selected courses
analyzing the academic history of the student. The student provides the courses and
sections preferred. The system applies the rules and regulations to find out if
students course registration satisfies the conditions such as credit restrictions,
prerequisites and collisions. The accepted and rejected courses are provided to the
student. The student makes new selections if there are any rejected courses. Finally,
student approves the registration. The system displays the registration form.

Approvement
The advisor can display the list of students that she/he advises and the course list
that are offered for that semester. The advisor selects a student and displays her/his
course registration form. If the registration is acceptable approves the registration.
Otherwise rejects the whole registration or some of the courses providing the reason
of rejection. If the registration is rejected, the student must make registration again
completing the missing courses.

Get Semester Specific Information

The Academic Year Management System provides the academic year information.
The Semester Management system provides the information about the semester.
The Curriculum Management System provides students curriculums. The Academic
History Management System provides students academic histories. The Course
Offering system provides the courses offered for that semester. The advisors
student information is provided by Advisor Management System.

Context Level DFD

The system provides the semester specific information like the academic year,
semester, courses offered and their sections.
The system filters out those courses that cannot be selected by student since they
are not part of the curriculum or their pre-requisites are not satisfied. The repeat
courses are specifically highlighted.
The student makes course selections. The repeat courses are directly added by the
systems.
The advisor approves/rejects the whole registration or only some of the courses.
The student makes corrections to the course selection.
The system produces a course registration form.

Rules &
Regula tio n
Ma nagement
Sy stem

Course Registration Rules

and Regulations

Changes to Cours e
Regis tration
Preferred Cours e
Student

Student

Courses
Offered for
Student
Curriculum

Courses
Acceptance

Registration
Form

Advisor

Registration Form

Approvement

Advisor Student Lis t

Preferred Sec tion
Course
Offering
System

Cours es Offered

Courses Offered for Curric ulum

Student Registration
System

Approvement
Student Info for Advis or

Curriculum Info

Adv isor
Mana gement
System

Repeat
Cours es
Curriculum
Mana gement
Sy stem

Student
Succes s
Status
Academic
Histo ry
Mana gement
Sy stem

Semes ter
Info

Academic Year
Ma na gement
System

Figure 1: The Context Level Data Flow Diagram of the Course Registration System

Level-0 Data Flow Diagram

Rules &
Regulation
Ma nag ement
Sy stem

Course Regis tration

Rules and Regulations

Preferred Course

Select Courses

Registration Form
Student

Registration Form
Registration
Form

Preferred Section
Student

Changes to
Course Regis tration

Registration
Form
D2

Registra tion Info

Approv ement
2
Courses Ac ceptanc e
Approv ement

Curriculum
Ma nag ement
system

Courses Offered for

Curriculum

Cours es Offered for Student

Curric ulum

Curriculum Info

Repeat Courses

Filter Offered
Co urses

Student
Succes s Status
Courses
Offered

Course
Offering
Sy stem

D1

Semester
Specific
Info

Cours es
Offered

Advisor Student List

3
Semester Info

Academic
History
Ma nag ement
Sy stem

Semester Specific Info

Semester
Specific
Info

Academic Year
Ma nag ement
Sy stem

Advisor

Approv ement

Approv e
Registra tion

Get Semester
Specific Info

Student Info for

Advisor

Advisor
Ma nag ement
Sy stem

Figure 2: The level-0 DFD of the Course Registration System

Level-0 DFD: Process-1, Select Courses

The student provides which of the courses, sections, and lab groups are preferred.
The system checks the course selection to see if the rules and regulations (credit
restrictions, prerequisites and collisions) are applied. If so the Registration Form is
produced and stored. The student can make modification to the registration form as
far as s/he not approves the registration form. Only, the repeat courses cannot be
removed and the rules and regulations are applied at each time.
Preferred Course
Preferred Section

A ppropriateness of
Courses

Registration
Form

1.3

1.1

Genera te
R eg ist ra t io n
Fo rm

Get
Preff ered
C o urses

Student
Course Preferences
D2

Student
Course
Preferences

Appropriateness
of Courses

1.2

Course Registration
Rules and Regulations

Student Course
Preferences

Registration
Form

R eg istra tio n Info

Registration
Form

Modification
to
Registration

1.4

C heck R ules
a nd
R eg ula tio ns

Changes to Course
Registration

M o dify
R eg istra t io n
Fo rm

Registration Form

Figure 3: The DFD of Select Courses (Level-1)

Level-0 DFD: Process-2, Approve Registration

The student approves the course selection at any time. After the approvement, the
system prevents any changes to be done by the student. The advisor, approves or
rejects the course registration form either wholly, and/or partly, i.e. individual course
selections. Each rejection is explained by the Advisor. The student is informed about
the results of the approvement/rejections. If the Advisor rejects some courses, the
student shall select new courses instead. After the approvement of Advisor, the
registration form is locked against any modifications.
4

Level-0 DFD: Process-3, Filter Offered Courses

Student's curriculum is compared with the offered courses to find out which of the
offered courses match courses listed in curriculum. Next, the offered courses
matching with the student's curriculum are compared to check if there are any of
students repeat courses. The matched ones are specially highlighted. Other
semester courses of the student are provided to the student with their section and
lab groups. The advisor can display the course list of students s/he is advising.

Level-0 DFD: Process-4, Get Semester Specific Info

The academic year and semester information is received from the Academic Year
Management System.
Student's advisors are received from the Advisor Management System.
Courses offered with their section, lab group, and scheduling information is received
from the Course Offering System.
The information is stored for further usage.

Use case Diagram

The use case diagram is represented in .
Apply Rules
and
Regulations

Get
Preferred
Courses

Courses
Acceptance

Provide
Student List
Provide
Selectable
Courses

Courses offered
for Curriculum
Registered
Students

Selectable Courses

preferred
courses

Generate
Registration
Form

Registration Form

Registration Form

Student

Advisor
Student's
Approvement

Approve
Course
Registration

Advisor's
Approvement
Advisor's
Approvement

changes to course
registration

Modify
Course
Registration

Figure 4: The first-cut use case diagram of the Course Registration System

Glossary
The tabular representation of the glossary is in Table 1.
Table 1: The Glossary of the Course Registration System

Term

Definition

Registration
Form

Actor Semantics
The actors and their semantics is represented in Table 2.
Table 2: The actor semantics of the Course Registration System

Actor

Semantics

Student
Advisor

Requirements
Priority Definition

Priority 1: Must-Have, highest in priority!

Priority 2: Should-Have, 2nd in priority!

Priority 3: Could-Have, 3rd in priority!

Priority 4: Want-To-Have, 4th in priority!

Functional Requirements
Course Selection
Id Details
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6

Priority

Course Selection
The student and advisor shall be able to list the offered courses, sections, and lab groups of the
current semester.
The system shall add repeat courses to the registration form of the student.
The student shall provide the courses, sections and lab groups preferred.
The system shall apply the rules for credit restrictions, prerequisites, and collisions to warn the
student and advisor.
The system shall produce a registration form displaying the selected courses, sections, and lab
groups; as well as credit totals.
The student shall be able to modify the course selections as long as s/he does not finalize the
course selection.

Must-Have
Could-Have
Must-Have
Could-Have
Must-Have
Must-Have

Registration Form Approvement

R7
R8
1.
2.
R9
R10
R11
1.
2.

Approving the Registration Form

The student shall approve the finalized registration form. The student cannot modify the
approved registered form.
The student shall be informed about the approved or rejected registration form by the advisor.
The student shall repeat the course selection if the whole registration is rejected by the advisor.
The student shall be able to select new courses for the rejected courses by the advisor.
The advisor shall list the students that s/he is advising.
The advisor shall display the registration forms of the students that s/he is advising.
The advisor shall approve or reject the registration forms of the students that s/he is advising.
The advisor shall approve or reject the whole registration of a student.
The advisor shall approve or reject individual courses of a student.

Should-Have
Should-Have
Should-Have
Could-Have
Must-Have
Must-Have
Should-Have
Should-Have
Could-Have

Course Filtering
R12
R13

Filtering Offered Courses

The system shall filter out the offered courses according to the students curriculum and only
courses that are correspondent to the student curriculum are listed.
The system shall eliminate the offered courses whose pre-requisites are not satisfied yet.
9

Want-ToHave
Want-To-

R14

The Academic History Management System shall provide the repeat courses. The repeat
courses shall be highlighted.

Have
Want-ToHave

Semester Specific Info Maintenance

R15
R16
R17

Semester Specific Information

The Academic Year Management System shall provide the academic year information.
The Semester Management System shall provide the semester information.
The Curriculum Management System shall provide students curriculums.

R18

The Academic History Management System shall provide students academic histories.

R19
R20

The Course Offering system shall provide the courses offered for that semester.
The Advisor Management System shall provide advisors student information.

10

Must-Have
Must-Have
Want-ToHave
Want-ToHave
Must-Have
Must-Have

Non-Functional Requirements
Id

Details

Priority
Operational Requirements

R21
R22
R23
R24
Performance-related Requirements (Capacity, Availability, Speed, Reliability )
R25
R26
R27
R28
Security Requirements
R29
R30
R31
R32
Cultural & Political
R33
R34
R35
R36

11

From the course notes:

12

Entity-Relationship Diagram

Student registers to 1 or one section of a course. A section has 1 or many

students.

Student has one or many registration forms each of which is created for
one academic semester. A registration form is created for only one
student.

A registration form contains one or many sections each of which is just for
one course. Section is included just once in a registration form of a
student for one semester.

A course has one or more sections. A section is created just for one
course.

A section is instructed by just one instructor. An instructor instructs one or

many sections.

Each Academic Year has more than one semester. A semester belongs to
exactly one academic year.

A course is offered in one semester and many courses are offered at a

semester.

The Entity Relationship Diagram of the Course Registration System is represented in

Figure 5.

13

approves
is approved by

contains
Registration Form

is added into

is
has created
for
Advisor

advises
is advised by

is for

registers to
Student

has

Section

has
is
has created
for

is for has

Academic History

is for has

satisfies
Curriculum

is
defined has
for

is satisfied by

Offered Course

is
has created
in

Academic
Semester
Success Status

Curriculum Course

has prereq uisite

is prereq uisite of

belong s
has to

Academic Year

Figure 5: The Entity Relationship Diagram of the Course Registration System

14