SCIENCE I SEM STD 7 ASS 2015

EX1 M.C.Q
CH-1
1 In which direction does a bar magnet suspended to rotate freely become steady?
Answer-North-South
2 Which shaped magnet is used in a magnetic compass?
AnswerNeedle
3- Which instrument is used in a magnetic compass?
Answer-Magnetic compass
4-Towards which geometrical direction is the magnetic south pole of the earth?
Answer-North
5- In which part of a magnet are the magnetic field lines found closely [spaced] packed?
Answer- at magnetic poles
CH-2
6- Check the presence of carbohydrate starch in food, solution of which chemical is used?
Answer-Iodine
7- Which constitution of diet acts as a source of an energy in body?
Answer- Carbohydrates
8 From which diet is fat obtained?
Answer- Milk
9 What is considered as a main constituent of diet?
Answer- Carbohydrates
10 Which constituent of diet is important for the body?
AnswerProteins
11 From which is protein available in large amount?
Answer-Soya bean
12 Which constituent of diet is required in the synthesis of a
hormones?
Answer Proteins
13 What do we get mainly from vegetables?
Answer Minerals and Vitamins
14 Which occurs due to the deficiency of vitamin A?
Answer-Night blindness
15 Which occurs due to the deficiency of vitamin B?
Answer- Beriberi
16 Due to deficiency of which vitamin does scurvy occur
Answer-Vitamin C
17 Which Vitamin necessary for the growth of bones?
Answer Vitamin D
18 Due to the deficiency of which vitamin does rickets occurs
Answer- Vitamin D
19 Which Vitamin helps in blood clotting?
Answer- Vitamin k
20 Which vitamin occurs in large amount of citrus food?
Answer- Vitamin-C
21 Which vitamin is obtained by synthesis of metabolic process in our body?
Answer- Vitamin k
22 Which mineral element is essential for the structural constitution of bones?
Answer-Calcium
23 Which mineral element is essential for the constitution of haemoglobin?
Answer Iron
24 Deficiency of which mineral element creates goiter?
Answer Iodine
25Which deficiency disease is caused due to protein deficiency in body?

Answer Kwashiorkor.
CH-3
26 Which of the following is a food storage stem?
Answer Sweet potato
27 Which of the following is a food storage stem?
Ans Ginger
28 In whose leaf is food stored?
Ans Onion
29 In which plant are stilt roots seen?
Ans sugarcane
30 Whose stem performs the function of food synthesis the function of food synthesis?
Ans Opuntia
31 Which organ is modified into spine in Opuntia?
Ans leaf
32 What is called the kitchen of the plant?
Ans leaf
33 Which organ of the plant performs the function of transpiration?
Ans leaf
34 Which gas does the plant release during the process of photosynthesis?
Ans Oxygen
35 Which is not required in the process of photosynthesis?
Ans Oxygen
CH-4
36-- At which temperature is pure water converted in to solid form by cooling?
A-00C
B-40
C C-370C
D-1000C
37-At water temperature does pure water boil?
A-00C
B-40
C C-370C
D-1000C
38- What happen when the piece of ice is placed in water?
A-Floats
B-Sinks
C-Water turn in to ice
D-Vapour is produced
39-What is water?
A-Element
B-Compound
C-Mixture
D-None of these
40-Which are the component element of water?
A-Hydrogen and carbon
B-Carbon and oxygen
c- Hydrogen and oxygen
D- Hydrogen and chlorine
41-Which gas is produced at the anode [at the positive] by electrolysis of water?
A-Hydrogen
B-Oxygen
C-Nitrogen
D- Chlorine
42-What is the proportion by volume of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas during electrolysis of water?

A- 1:2
B-2:1
C-1:8
D-8:1
43-Which substance is added to remove the hardness of water?
A-Alum
B-Bleaching powder
C-Washing soda
D-Chlorine tablets
44-Which gas is passed in water to make water germs free?
A-Hydrogen
B-Oxygen
C-Carbon dioxide
D- Chlorine
45- -Which substance is added to water to get clay particle of muddy water settled quickly?
A-Bleaching powder
B-Washing soda
C-Alum
D-Chlorine tablets
46-Due to what is the hardness of water?
A-Washing soda
B-Alum
C-Bleaching powder
D-Dissolved salts
47-Which water is considered as pure water?
A-Well water
B-Rain water
C River water
D-Sea water
CH-5
1. How many nutrient substances do the plant get from the soil?
a. 7 b) 9 c) 13 d) 1
2. Which instrument is used to plough the soil?
a. Hoe -b) plough c) khurpi d) Sickle
3. To add organic substances in soil
a. Spray insecticide
b. Give chemical fertilizer
c. Give dung manure
d. Give water
4. What should be done to maintain soil fertility?
a. Use of excessive chemical fertilizer
b To rotate the crop
C. Same crop repeatedly taken
D Use of excess of chemical insecticides
5. Which of the following is an artificial fertilizer?
A Dung manure
B. oilseed cake
c. Urea
d. Green manure
6. By which irrigation method is 40 to 60 % of water saved?
a. Drip-irrigation method
b. Fountain-irrigation method
c. Dhoria-irrigation method
d. Water channels method

6. Minimum erosion occurs in which soil?

A. With steps
B. With horizontal method
C. With one side slope
D. With grass covered
CH-6
1Which is the structural and functional unit of a living organism?
a. Tissue
B. organ
C. system
D. cell
2Which of the following is a plant cell?
A. amoeba
B cheek cell
C. onion cell
D. nerve cell
3Which of the following organelles is not present in plant cell?
A. cell wall
B. nucleus
C. cell membrane
D. centriole
4. Which of the following organelle is not present in an animal cell?
A. nucleus
B. cell membrane
C. cell wall
D. Centriole.
5. Which of the following is a unicellular plant?
A. fern
B. amoeba
C. euglena
D. yeast
6. Which of the following is not a unicellular organism ?
A. paramecium
B. euglena
C. Chlamydomonas
D. mosquito
7. Which organelle of cell is known as power house of a cell?
a. mitochondrion b. ribosome c. lysosome.d.centriole.
8.Which cell organelle plays a significant role in protein synthesis?
a. lysosome b. ribosome c. mitochondrion d. chloroplast .
9. Which of the following organelle is not present in the nucleus?
a. chromosome b. mitochondrion c. vacuole d. centriole.
CH-7
1 Which type of motion is the motion of a fruit falling from the tree?
a. Random motion
b. Linear motion
c. Circular motion
d. Oscillatory motion
2. Which type of motion is the motion of the hands of the clock?
a. Random motion
b. Linear motion
c. Circular motion
d. Oscillatory motion
3. Which type of motion is the motion a swinging cradle?

a. Random motion
b. Linear motion
c. Circular motion
d. Oscillatory motion
4. Which of the following is the periodic motion?
a. Motion of a flying mosquito
b. Motion of a freely falling stone
c. Motion of a spinning top
d. Motion of a pendulum of a clock
5. Which of the following is an oscillatory motion?
a. Motion of paddle of a moving bicycle
b. Motion of hands of a runner
c. Bicycle moving on a straight path
d. Motion of earth around the sun
6. Which of the following is a unit of speed?
a. Metre
b. Metre/second
c. Second/metre
d. All the given
7. What is an external effect with changes the state of motion called?
a. Force
b. Speed
c. Motion
d. Work
8. Which force will you use to lift goods?
a. Muscular force
b. Frictional force
c. Gravitational force
d. Magnetic force
CH-8
1 Digestion of which component of food starts in the buccal cavity?
A starch
b lipid
c vitamin
d protein
2 Who performs the churning of food?
A buccal cavity
b stomach
c small intestine
d Oesophagus
3 Which component of food is partially digested in stomach?
A carbohydrates
b lipids
c proteins
d mineral salt
4 In which organ does the food remain for maximum time?
A stomach
b buccal cavity
c Oesophagus
d small intestine
5 Which organ of digestive system does not produce digestive juice?
A buccal cavity
b stomach
c large intestine

d small intestine
6 Which organ is located at the end of digestive system?
A small intestine b rectum c duodenum d large intestine
7 Which is an accessory digestive organ?
A Oesophagus
b stomach
c. large intestine
d pancreas
8 Which of the following is an organ of respiratory system?
A heart
b lungs
c liver
d buccal cavity
9 In whose structure are the C shaped rings of cartilage found?
A Trachea
b Oesophagus
c nose
d bronchi
10 What are numerous small structure like a bunch of grapes in lungs called?
A blood capillaries
b Air sacs (Alveoli)
C cartilages
d bronchioles
11 What is the main and important organ of respiratory system?
A nose
b trachea
c lungs
d bronchi
12 Who brings the blood to the heart from various organs?
A artery
b vein
c capillaries
d lungs
13 Which component of the blood protects the body against diseases?
A blood plasma
b red blood corpuscles
C white blood corpuscles
d blood platelets
14 Which component of blood helps in process of blood coagulation?
A red blood corpuscles
b white blood corpuscles
c bloodplatelets
d haemoglobin
15 Where is tricuspid valve in heart ?
A between right atrium and right ventricle
B between right atrium and left atrium
C between left ventricle and right atrium
D between left atrium and left ventricle
Ans. in one sentence
CH-1
Q.1. State the principle of magnetic compass?
A.1. The principle of magnetic compass is a freely suspended magnet comes to rest in north and south
direction
Q.2 State the uses of magnetic compass?

A.2. A magnetic compass used to identify direction in Desert, Ship, and aeroplane et .
Q.3Which geographical pole is downward on the sphere of the earth?
A.3. South Pole is downward on the sphere of the earth.
Q.4. which magnetic pole of the earth is near its geographical south pole?
A.4. The magnetic north pole of the earth's magnet faces the geographical south pole of the earth.
Q.5. In which part of a magnet is strong magnetic field found?
A.5. Strong magnetic field is found near both the poles of magnet.
Q.6. what is a large group of tiny magnets present in magnet called?
A.6. A large group of tiny magnets present in a magnet called domain.
Q.7. which type of magnet is used in an electric bell?
A.7. Electro magnet is used in electric bell.
CH-2
Q.8. Mention the colour change by addition of 2-3 drops of iodine solution on wheat flour.
A.8. By addition of 2-3 drops of iodine solution on wheat flour it becomes dark blue or black colour.
Q.9. which is the main constituent of diet that provides energy and heat to the body?
A.9. Carbohydrates is the main constituent of diet that provides energy and heat to the body.
Q.10. which constituent of diet is available from oily food?
A.10. Fats is available from oily food.
Q.11. which constituent of diet releases (produces) double or more than double energy as compared to
Carbohydrates?
A.11. Fats is a constituent of diet releases (produces) double or more than double energy as compared
to Carbohydrate.
Q.12. which constituent of diet is available to us from pulses?
A.12. Protein is available to us from pulses.
Q.13. which constituent of diet is necessary for the structural constitution of bones?
A.13. Calcium and phosphorus is necessary for the structural constitution of bones
Q.14. Which vitamin is essential for healthy eyes?
A.14.VitaminA is essential for healthy eyes.
Q.15. Due to deficiency of which vitamin, rickets occur?
A.15. Due to deficiency of vitamin D, rickets occur.
Q.16. which vitamin occurs in large amount in gooseberry (amla)?
A.16.VitaminC occurs in large amount in gooseberry (Amla)
Q.17. Due to deficiency of which vitamin, beriberi occurs?
A.17. Due to deficiency of vitamin B beriberi occurs.
Q.18. Which deficiency disease occurs due to deficiency Of vitamin C?
A.18. Due to deficiency of vitamin scurvy occurs
Q.19. Which deficiency disease occurs in due to deficiency of vitamin D? of vitamin D rickets and
Osteomalacia occur.
Q.20. which vitamin is synthesis in our body when sunrays fall on the body?
A.20. Vitamin D is synthesis in body when sun rays fall straight on the body.
Q.21. which vitamin can be synthesis in our body?
A.21.VitaminD and vitamin k can be synthesis in our body.
Q.22. which deficiency disease occurs due to deficiency of iron?
A.22.Anemia occurs due to deficiency of iron.
CH-3
Q 23 Which organ performs the function to anchor the plant into the soil?
A 23 Roots performs the function to anchor the plant into the soil
Q 24 What are absorbed from the soil through the roots of plant?.
A 24 Water and mineral salts are absorbed from the soil through the roots of plant.
Q 25 What are stilt roots?
A 25 The roots which arise in the stem and gives support to the plant are called stilt roots. Eg.
Sugarcane,maize.
Q 26 Which gas makes supernatant of limewater milky?
A 26 Carbon-dioxide makes supernatant of limewater milky.

Q 27 Give five examples of underground stems?

A 27 The underground stems are potato, ginger, turmeric, elephant yam etc.
Q 28 In which plants stem perform a function of food synthesis?
A 28 In Opuntia and Asparagus stem perform a function of food synthesis
Q29 Which gas is utilized and which gas is set free in the process of respiration?
A29 Oxygen gas is utilized and carbon-dioxide gas is set free in the process of respiration
Q30 What are small pore-like structures occurring on surfaces of plant called?
A30 Small pore-like structures occurring on surfaces of plant are called stomata.
Q31 Write names of components essential for the process of photosynthesis.
A31 The components essential for the process of photosynthesis are carbon-dioxide, water, sunlight
and chloroplast.
Q32 Give two examples of food-storing leaf?
A32 Onion, garlic and cabbage are the two examples of food-storing leaf.
CH-4
Q 33 what is the freezing point of the water?
Ans- 0.C degree is the freezing point of the water.
Q 34 Instrument use for electrolyses of water?
Ans Voltameter is used for electrolyses of water.
Q 35 Which gas produced at cathode (negative pole) by electrolysis of water?
Ans-Hydrogen gas is produced at cathode (negative pole) by electrolysis of water.
Q 36 Which pole do we get oxygen gas during electrolysis of water?
Ans We get oxygen at anode (positive pole).
Q 37 Which instrument is used for removing dissolved impurities in drinking water?
Ans- RO plant is used for removing dissolved impurities in drinking water.
Q 38 Which solvent considered as universal solvent?
Ans Water is considered as universal solvent.
Q 39 Write 4 solid substance which are soluble in water?
Ans- Sugar, salt, alum, washing soda are 4 solid substance that are soluble in water.
Q 40 Which instrument use to purify water nowadays?
Ans- R.O. plant (reverse osmosis) are
CH-5
What is ploughing?
Ans . The method of making soil soft and porous and turning it upside down with plough before
sowing seeds is called ploughing.
Q.2 Which implement is mainly used for sowing?
Ans. Seed Drill, manual seeder and plunger is mainly used for sowing.
Q.3 Give the name of an equipment used to remove weeds?
Ans. Equipments used to remove weeds are khurpi, sickle, and hoe.
Q.4 Fertilizers containing which nutrient is not required for leguminous plants?
Ans. Fertilizer containing nitrogen is not required for leguminous plants.
Q.5 Give the name of one insecticide sprayed over crops?
Ans. Malathion and BHC ( Benzen Hexa Chloride).
Q.6 What is called intercropping?
Ans. Intercropping is a method of growing two or more crops simultaneously in the field.
Q.7 In which irrigation method does maximum wastage of water occurs?
Ans. In channel irrigation maximum wastage of water occurs.
Q.8 Which irrigation method should be used in arid regions where there is water scarcity?
Ans. Drip irrigation method should be used in arid regions where there is water scarcity.
CH-6
Name the scientist who first gave the information about the cell?
A1 Scientist Robert hook gave the information about the cell.
Which instrument is used to observe the cell?
A2 Microscope is used to observe the cell.
Which instrument is used to observe ultra microscope organelle present in the cells?

A3 Electron microscope is used to observe ultra microscope organelle present in the cells.
Q4 What is the cell wall in the plant cell made up of?
A4 Cellulose is the cell wall in the plant cell made up of.
Q5 Who regulates the various processes occurring in the cell ?
A5 Nucleus regulates the various processes occurring in the cell.
Q6 Which is the centre for biological processes in the cell ?
A6 Nucleus is the centre for biological processes in the cell.
Q7 Which organelle of the cell regulates the transport of different materials entering or leaving the cell?
A7 Organelle of the cell regulates the transport of different materials entering or leaving the cell is cell
membrane .
Q8 Which organelle of the cell possesees digestive enzymes .?
A8 Lysosome organelle of the cell possesses digestive enzymes.
Q9 Which stain is used to observe the nucleus of the onion cell clearly?
A9 Methylane blue is used to observe the nucleus of the onion cell clearly.
CH-7
Which type of motion is the motion of a spinning top?
Ans. Circular motion is the motion of a spinning top.
Q.2 Which type of motion is the motion of a pendulum of the clock?
Ans. Oscillatory motion is the motion of a pendulum of the clock.
Q.3 What is called periodic change?
Ans. The motion of an object completing one revolution in a certain time interval is called periodic
change.
Q.4 State two units of speed.
Ans Two units of speed are:
1) Kilometer per hour.
2) Meter per second.
Q.5 What can you say about speed of an object that takes less time to travel the definite distance?
Ans. We can say that speed is more of an object that takes less time to travel the definite distance.
Q.6 What is to be done to move the table in the classroom?
Ans. We have to apply force (push or pull) to move the table in the classroom.
Q.7 What is the falling of a fruit from the tree to ground due to?
Ans. The falling of a fruit from the tree to ground due to gravitational force.
Q.8What is the force opposing a motion of a moving body called?
Ans. The force opposing a motion of a moving body is called frictional force.
Q.9Why is there wear and fear in the soles of footwear?
Ans. Because of the frictional force produced between ground and the foot wear.
Q.10 Why is more force applied to ride bicycle on rough road ?
Ans. Because on rough surface more friction is produced between the surface and wheel of the bicycle.
CH-8
1. From which organ does the digestion of food begin ?
Ans. From buccal cavity digestion of food begin.
2. Which enzyme does saliva contain ?
A 2 Saliva contains an enzyme called ptyalin.
3 . What is the body surface part around the stomach called ?
A3 The body surface part around the stomach is called abdomen.
4 What is a proximal region of small intestine called ?
A4 A proximal region of small intestine is called Duodenum.
5 How many meters is the approximate length of small intestine ?
A5 Seven meters is the approximate length of small intestine .
6 In which organ is the process of digestion of food complete ?
A6 In small intestine the process of digestion of food complete.
7 From where is bile produced ?
A7 Bile is produced by liver.
8 Which are accessory digestive organs ?

A8 Accessory digestive organs are liver and pancreas.

9 Which digestive juices are mixed with food when it comes into duodenum ?
A9 When it comes into duodenum bile and pancreatic juices mixes with it .
10 What is trachea made up of ?
A10 Trachea is made up of C shaped incomplete rings of cartilage.
11 What is the lower end of trachea getting divided into two parts called ?
A. The lower end of trachea getting divided into two parts is called bronchi.
12 How many lungs are there in our body ?
A12 There is two lungs in our body .
13 State the name of a muscular partition (septum) which separates thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity.
A13 The name of a muscular partition (septum) which separates thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity
are diaphragm.
14 What is the average number of pulse beats per minute in normal condition of an adult individual ?
A14 The average number of pulse beats per minute in normal condition of an adult individual is 70 to
72 times .
15. What are the lower chambers of heart called ?
A15. The lower chambers of heart are called ventricles.
16. Which valve is present between left atrium and left ventricle ?
A16. Bicuspid valve is present between left atrium and left ventricle.
17. Where does blood of right atrium of the heart move ?
A17. The blood of right atrium of the heart move in the right ventricle.
18.In which chamber of heart does the deoxygenated ( impure) blood come from the different part of the
body ?
A18. In right atrium the deoxygenated ( impure) blood come from the different part of the body.
19 . Where does blood of right atrium of the heart move due to contration of ventricles ?
a-19 Right ventricle blood of right atrium of the heart move due to contration of ventricles
Define :
CH-1
1. Magnetic field :
Ans. The area in which magnet can attract objects of iron, that space is called magnetic field.
2. Magnetic field lines :
Ans. A definite pattern of iron fillings arranged around the magnet are magnetic field lines.
CH-2
3. Balanced diet:
Ans. The food that can provide necessary energy and all sufficient nutrients of the diet to the body is called
balanced diet.
4. Deficiency diseases:
Ans. Diseases caused by incomplete diet or nutrients are called deficiency diseases.
CH-3
5. Photosynthesis:
Ans. A process by which green plants make food in the form of starch using carbon-dioxide and water in the
presence of sunlight is called photosynthesis.
6. Transpiration:
Ans. The process in which plants lose excess water in the form of water vapour through stomata present in
the leaves is called transpiration.
CH-4
7. Soft water:
Ans. Water in which there are salts in less proportion is called soft water.
8. Hard water:
Ans. Water in which there are salts in more proportion is called hard water.
9. Solvent:
Ans. A liquid in which a substance can dissolve is called a solvent.
10.Solute:
Ans. A substance which dissolve in liquid is called solute.

11.Solution:
Ans. A homogenous mixture of solvent and solute is known as solution.
CH-5
12. Weed :
Ans. Undesirable plants growing with the main crop sown in the soil is called weed.
13. Fertilizers:
Ans. The essential nutrients which are added to the soil to increase its fertility are called fertilizers
14. Irrigation:
Ans The method of supplying water to the farms is called irrigation.
CH-6
15. Cell :
Cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organism .
16. Tissue :
Group of similar cells performing similar functions forms tissue.
17. Unicellular organism
The organism whose body -contains only in one cell is called unicellular organism.
Multi cellular organism ;
The Organism whose body contains more than one cell is called Multi cellular organism.
CH-7
1. Speed:
Ans. The distance travelled by an object per unit time is called its speed.
2. Force:
Ans. The external effect which changes the position of an object is called force.
3) Gravitational force :
Ans. The force due to which all objects are attracted towards the earth is called Gravitational force
4. Frictional force
Ans The force which opposes the motion of the body is called frictional force.
CH-8
1 Digestion :
The process of converting complex food substance into simple substance is called digestion.
2 Exhalation :
The process of throwing out air from the lungs through nose is called exhalation.
Give difference:
CH-1
1. Artificial magnet and electro magnet.
Artificial magnet:
1. It is made by rubbing a0 magnet over an iron strip in one direction only.
2. In this magnet the properties of magnetism retains for a long time.
3. It is used in magnetic compass, dynamos, electric motors etc.
Electro magnet:
1. It is made by passing an electric current through an insulated copper wire raped on an iron strip.
2. In this magnet the properties of magnetism retains only till the electric current is passed.
3. It is used in electric bells, telegram, and crane for transportation of heavy iron objects.
CH-2
2. Carbohydrates and fats.
Carbohydrates:
1. They are obtained from wheat, rice, maize, banana etc.
2. They give less energy compared to fats.
Fats:
1.They are obtained from milk, butter, groundnut and oil
2 Fats give double or more energy as compared to carbohydrates.

Vitamin C and vitamin D.

Vitamin C:
1.It is obtained from citrus fruits such as lemon, sweet lime, amla.
2. Scurvy occurs due to deficiency of Vitamin C.
3. It cannot be synthesized in our body.
Vitamin D:
1.It is obtained from milk, butter, fish, eggs, sunlight.
2. Rickets and Osteomalacia occurs due to deficiency of vitamin D.
3. It can be synthesized in our body.
CH-4
4. Soft water and hard water.
Soft water:
1.The proportion of salt is less in soft water.
2. It gives more lather with soap.
3. It can be used in industries.
Hard water:
1.The proportion of salt is more in hard water.
2. It gives less lather with soap.
3. It cannot be used in industries and for domestic purposes.
Ch-5
1. Natural fertilizer and Chemical fertilizer
Natural fertilizer:
1) It is formed from the remains of dead animals and plants.
2. It improves the soil composition
3. It effects in soil remains for long time. So it is not be added in soil often. Eg Dung manure
Chemical fertilizer:
1) It is prepared from mineral element or in a factory.
2) Over use of it damages the soil composition.
3) Its effect in soil does not remain for long time. So it is added in soil often. Eg: urea.
2) Dhoria irrigation method and Drip irrigation method
Dhoria irrigation method:
1) This method is used where there is sufficient water.
2) Water wastage is more.
Drip irrigation method:
1) This method is used in arid regions.
2) Water wastage is less.
Ch-6
PLANT CELL and ANIMAL CELL
Plant cell
1.Plant cell has cell wall.
2It has chloroplast.
3.Centriole is absent
4.eg. Onion cell
ANIMAL CELL
1.Animal cell do not have cell wall.
2.It has no chloroplast
CH-8
Small intestine and large intestine
Small intestine :-

1. It is much longer than large intestine.

2. The digestion and absorption of food occur in it
Large intestine :1. It is shorter than small intestine.
2. Only the absorption of water occurs in it.
Trachea and Oesphagus
Trachea :1. It is an organ of respirative system.
2. It is formed of muscles and C shape rings of cartilage.
3. It performs the function to carry air , into the lungs.
Oesophagus :1. It is an organ of digestive system.
2. It is formed of muscles only.
3. It performs a function to carry food into the stomach.
Artery and vein
Artery :1. Artery carries blood from the heart to different parts of the body.
2. Its wall is thick and elastic.
3. It does not have waves in it.
4. It pulsates ; hence the flow of blood is jerky.
5. Normally the artery carries oxygenated blood
vein :1. Vein carries blood from heart different parts of the body to the body to the heart.
2. Its wall is relatively and less elastic.
3. I have semi lunar valves at intervals in it .
4. It does not pulsate :hence the flow of the blood is smooth.
5. Normally , the vein carries de-oxygenated blood.
RBCs and WBCs
RBCs:1. They are of red colour.
2. They are smaller in size than that of WBC and have definite shape.
3. They are helpful in transport of O2.
4. They are devoid of nucleus.
WBCs :1. They are of white colour.
2. They are larger in size than that of RBC and have irregular shape.
3. They destroy germs of disease and there by protect the body against disease.
4. They have a nucleus.
Classify
CH-3
1. Food storing root and food storing stem.
(potato, sweet potato, ginger, beet, radish, turmeric, yam (ratalu), amorphophallus, carrot)
Food storing root:sweet potato, beet, radish, yam, carrot
Food storing stem:potato, ginger, turmeric, amorphophallus.
CH-4
2. solvent, solute and solution.
( common salt, solution of common salt, sugar, solution of sugar, alum, water, kerosene, carbon-dioxide,
soda water)
Solvent:water, kerosene
Solute:common salt, sugar, alum, carbondioxide

Solution:solution of common salt, solution of sugar, soda water

Ch-6
UNICELLULAR ORGANISM.
Yeast , euglena, amoeba, chlamydomonas, Paramoecium.
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM.
Fern, ant, onion, mosquito.
Ch-7
1. Linear motionMotion of light rays, Motion of bullet fired from a gun ,Motion of a stone falling from a height on the earth.
2. Circular motion
Motion of merry-go-round, Motion of artificial satellites revolving around the earth , Motion of a top
,Motion of wheels of a bicycle ,Motion of hands of a clock.
3. Oscillatory motion
Motion of a swing , Motion of a pendulum of a clock , Motion of wings of a flying bird , the Motion of hands
of a runner .
CH-8
Organs of digestive system :Stomach, Pancreas, buckle cavity.
Organs of Respiratory system:Lungs, Diaphragm, Nose
Organs of circulatory system:Heart, Vein, blood, capillaries
GIVE REASON
1-A magnetic needle is used in magnetic compass because :-1
1-Magnetic compass is used to identify directions in aeroplane ,ships, steamer, desert etc
2- A magnetic needle is free to rotate in horizontal plains. Its hours north-south direction.
3-Thus using a magnetic needle we can identify the direction with magnetic compass.
2. By rubbing a magnet on an iron needle for some time the needle becomes a magnet because domains are
arranged randomly in ordinary iron piece when we rub the magnet on an iron needle for sometime all the
domains come in one direction under the influence of a magnetic field of a magnet. Due to this needle
behaves like a magnet.
CH-2
3. Green leafy vegetables should be taken in diet because :1. They provide necessary substance and vitamins adequate proportion to the body.
2. More over the fibers contained in green leafy vegetable helps in proper digestion of food as well as in the
advancement of food in the digestive mack.
.4. Small children should be given protein rich diet : because
.5. 1.Small children grow rapidly
.6. 2. New tissues are form during growth for which protein are necessary.
.7. 3. Protein help in regulation of biological process.
.8. 4. Proteins give protection against Infection or disease .
5. Children should be allowed to play in mild sunlight because
1.Vitamin D is essential for the proper
growth and strength of bones.
2.Vitamin D synthesized in body when sunrays/sunlight falls.
3.If there is deficiency of vitamin D children will suffer from rickets.
6. Milk is considered a complete diet : because
7. 1. Milk contains all the constituents of food expect vitamin C
8. 2. It consist of all the constituents of food like carbohydrates , proteins , fats etc in proper proportion.
CH-3

7 ) The leaf is called the kitchen of the plant.because green leaf prepare food for the plant with the help
of chloroplast, carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.
8 ) Though amorphophallus grows in the soil, it is a stem . Because it has nodes, internodes and thin
scaly leaves on it. It grows underground so it is called underground stem.
9) The leaves of opuntia are modified into spines..because opuntia plant grows in desert is scarcity of
water .So to reduce the loss of water by transpiration .leaves of opuntia are modified into spines.
10) One feels cool under the dense tree during midday.because
1 Trees gives shade.
2The stomata present on the leaves give out extra water in the form of water vapour by the process of
transpiration.
3 As a result the surrounding remains cool.
CH-4
11) It is not advisable to use hard water in the oiler because
1 ) When boiled water the layer of a salt is deposited in its inner substance .
2.This layer is a bad conductor of a heat.
3. A large quantity of fuel is required to boil the water in the boiler.
4.Moreover this layer of salt corrodes the boiler which can cause accidents.
12)During electrolyses of water ,few drops of sulphuric acid are added to water because
1) Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity .
2By adding few drops of sulphuric acid.
3.It becomes a good conductor of electricity.
13) During epidemics water should e used after boiling and then cooling because by boiling micro-organism
can be destroy and water becomes free from germs then water is filtered and cooled.
CH-5
1. Rotation of crop should be done because
2. 1) If single crop is taken repeatedly specific nutrient needed for the crop are constantly absorbed
from the soil.
3. 2) The proportion of those nutrients decreases and production of crop also decreases.
4. 3) Soil efficiency is to be maintained due so crops. of pulses fixation of nitrogen occur which
increase soil fertility
5. 4) By growing pulses fixation of nitrogen occurs which increases the fertility of soil.
6. 5) Crop rotation also Controls harmful pest .
7. 6) Crop rotation gives higher preduction
2. Use of chemical fertilizers should be reduced because
3. 1) Soil composition spoils due to excess use of chemical fertilizers
4. 2)Sometimes crop are destroy.
5. 3) crops production decreases.
6. 4) Useful micro-organism in soil are destroyed.
3. Soil erosion is less in the forest area because
4. 1) In the forest area there are dense trees.
5. 2) The root system of trees binds the soil particles firmly. 3)Trees obstructthr fost biowing wind and
prevent soil erosoin.
6. 4.When rain falls ,trees prevent the soil from getting eroded.
4. Trees should be grown around the fields because
5. 1) In the forest area there are dense trees.
6. 2) The root system of trees binds the soil particles firmly. 3)Trees obstructthr fost biowing wind and
prevent soil erosoin.
4.When rain falls ,trees prevent the soil from getting eroded.

CH-6
5. Mitochondrion is called the powerhouse of a cell because
6. 1] mitochondrion produces energy necessary for metabolism 2] This energy is stored in the form of
ATP molecules.
7. 3] As it produce energy it is called the powerhouse of a cell
6. Chloroplast is called the kitchen of a cell. Because- chloroplast contains chlorophyll; it produces the
organelle food in the form of starch with the help of air ,water, in presence of sunlight by the process of
photosynthesis.
7. the field they withstand the blow of rain in monsoon. 2) The roots of trees bind the fertile soil particles are
not washed away from the field by the flow of water or wind. 4) So the soil is protected.
CH-7
8. The moving vehicles stop on applying the brakes-because when the brakes applied friction is produced
between the rubber pad of the brakes and wheel of the bicycle due to which the vehicle slows down and
ultimately stopped.
9. A person slips, if one steps on a banana skin because10. 1-due to friction force between surface ofa roadand soles of the aperson can walk easily.
11. 2-If the surface becomes smoot, than frictional force decreases.
12. 3-As the banana skin is sticky,it is very smooth.
13. 4- SO, When one steps on a banana skin, the required frictional force between ground and foot for
walking does not produce. Hence, a person slips, if one steps on a banana skin.
14.
CH-8
1. One should chew the food as much as possible because :By much chewing the food , it is broken into very small fragments and sufficient amount of saliva gets
mixed with it.
So the food becomes soft and smooth.
Then enzyme ptyalin , contained in the saliva, converts , starch.
2. Air should be inhaled through nose only because :1. There are very fine hair in the nose.
2. A Sliny substance , called mucus , is secreted in the nose.
3. The hair and mucus prevent the dust particles and bacteria of the air to go further in the respiratory tract.
4. By inhalation through nose , the outer atmosphere air gets filtered and warmed before entering the lungs.
Hence , air should be inhaled through nose only.
3 WBC of the blood are our microscope soldier because :1. The WBC of the blood perform the function of protecting our body against diseases.
2. WBC fight against the germs of various diseases which have entered our body and destroy them , there by
protect our body against diseases.
3. Thus the WBC performs the function of fighting against the germs and thus acts like soldiers. As they
are very small in size , they are called the microscopic soldier of the body.
4.
5. Answer in brief
6. CH-1
7. 1 ) Why does a bar magnet suspended to rotate freely comes to rest in the north south
direction ?
8. Ans 1) The earth behaves like a magnet . The magnetic south pole of the earth is near its
geographical south pole .
9. 2) Unlike poles attract each other . The magnet south pole of earth attracts the north pole of the
freely suspended magnet . So the north pole of the magnet becomes steady towards the
geographical south pole of the earth .
10. 2 ) Explain magnetic field lines of a magnet by drawing a figure .
11. ANS 1) Take a white chart paper .
12. 2) Place it o a table .

13. 3) Place a bar magnet on the paper .

14. 4) Spread iron fillings uniformly on the paper .
15. 5) Now tap it slowly with finger . Iron fillings will arranged itself in curved lines as shown In the
figure .
16. 6) This pattern arranged around the magnet is called magnetic field lines .
17. 3) What is the difference in domain of iron and that of magnet .
18. ANS In iron domain are oriented at random while in magnet domain are arranged systematically in
the same direction .
19. 4) How does the magnetism of a magnet get destroyed .
20. ANS 1) When it falls from great height .
21. 2) When it is heated .
22. 3 ) When it is hammered .
23. 4) If likes poles are kept together for long time .
24. 5) State six household items in which magnet is used .
25. Ans Six household items in which magnet is use are T.V. Dish Washer , Computer , Door Bell ,
Music System, compass box toys , cupboard .
26. L - NO 2
27. 6 ) State the constituents of diet .
28. Ans The constituents of diet are Vitamins , Proteins ,Carbohydrates
29. Minerals , Fats and Water .
30. 7) Which foods supply carbohydrates to us ? State the sources of carbohydrates .
31. 1) Cereals such as wheat , bajri , rice , jowar , maize , etc .
32. 2) Bulbs such as potatoes , sweet potato , beet .
33. 3) Sweet fruits such as banana chickoo ,etc.
34. 4) Sweet food such as sugarcane , jaggery , honey , sugar , etc , supply carbohydrates to us .
35. 8) How are carbohydrates and fats useful to us .
36. Ans Carbohydrates and fats gives energy and warm to our body .
37. 9) State the sources of fats lipids .
38. Ans The sources of fats are groundnut , coconut , almonds cotton seeds , ghee , butter , cheese , eggs
, milk , fish , and cashew nuts .
39. 10 ) Mention the importance of fats .
40. Ans 1) Fats provides energy to our body .
41. 2) Play an important role in the constituent of cells and muscles .
42. 3) Provides double or more than double energy compare to carbohydrates .
43. 4) Provides heat to our body .
44. 5) Additional fats get stored in our body and it is utilized at the time of requirement of nutrition .
45. 11) State the sources of proteins .
46. Ans The sources of proteins Milk , Paneer , Egg , Fish ,Butterfly bean and all type of pulses contain
proteins , soya bean provides more amount of protein .
47. 12) State the importance of proteins .
48. Ans The importance of proteins are
49. Protein is required as the constituent of cell as well as tissue .
50. Regulates biochemical reactions in our body .
51. Required for muscle construction .
52. Provides immune power against disease .
53. Required in the structure of harmones .
54. 13) State the important minerals available from our diet .
55. Ans Calcium , Iron , Phosphorus , Sulphur , Iodine are the important minerals available from our
diet .
56. 14 ) State any four types of vitamins and state the disease caused due to their deficiency .
57. Ans 1) Vitamin A - Disease related with skin or eye .
58. 2) Vitamin B - Beriberi
59. 3) Vitamin C Scurvy
60. 4) Vitamin D - Rickets , Osteomalacia

61.
62. 15) State the importance of water in our body .
63. Ans The importance of water in our body are .
64. Required for biochemical reactions running within the body .
65. Transport gases , nutrients , and excretory substances in the body .
66. Maintains the temperature of the body .
67. 16 ) State the sources of following diet .
68. Ans 1) Mineral Salts We get from green leafy vegetables , fruits , milk , dry fruits , sea food , meat
.
69. 2) Vitamins We get it from milk , green leafy , vegetable s, eggs , carrots , tomatoes , pots and
whole grains .
70. 17) State how the following mineral salts are useful to our body .
71. Ans 1) Calcium Essential for the structure of bones .
72. 2) Iron Synthesis of hemoglobin .
73. 3) Phosphorus Useful in formation of bone s.
74.
4) Iodine Deficiency creates goiter .
75. 18) State the chemical test to detect the presence of carbohydrate in the edible food
substances .
76. Ans 1) Take the sample of cooked rice , dal chapatti , potato, etc
77. 2) Now add 2 or 3 drops of iodine solution on it with the help of dropper the food items dark blue or
black which contains carbohydrates other food items does not show any change in colour .
78. 3 ) Cooked rice , chapatti , potato contain carbohydrates while dal does not show any colour change
so it does not contain carbohydrates .
79. 19) State the chemical test to detect the presence of protein in the edible food substances .
80. Ans.1) Take green gram seeds , wheat seeds grind them
81. 2) Add 10-12 drops of caustic soda .
82. 3) Add 2-3 drops of blue vitriol solution . If colour changes into purple than that edible food contains
proteins otherwise not .
83. 20 ) What is meant by deficiency disease ? State the name of deficiency disease .
84. Ans If one constituents is missing for long time in our diet then it invites deficiency based diseases .
Example Marasmus , Kwashiorkor , Goiter , Anemia , Colour Blindness , Pellagra , Beriberi , Scurvy
, Rickets , Bleeding .
85. CH-3
86. 21 ) Write normal functions of roots .
87. ANS Normal functions of roots are
88. Anchors the plant into soil .
89. Absorbs mineral and water from the soil .
90. Write special functions of roots with examples .
91. Ans Special functions of roots with examples are
92. 1) Some roots store food , example radish , carrot , beet root .
93. 2) Some plants show prop roots or stilt roots which provide mechanical support to stem , example
banyan tree , maize , sugarcane , etc
94. Write four normal functions of stem .
95. Ans 1) Conduction of water and mineral salts absorbed by root .
96. 2) Arrange leaves in such a way that they can get enough sunlight .
97. 3) Provides mechanical strength to the plant to stand erect .
98. 4) Conduction of food provide by leaves .
99. Write special functions of stems with examples.
100.
1) Storage of food , example potato , ginger .
101.
2) Food production , example opuntia , cactus and asparagus .
102.
3) Climbing , example grapes , money plant .
103.
25) Write normal functions of leaf .
104.
Ans 1) Performs respiration .
105.
2) Performs transpiration .

106.
3) Produces own food through photosynthesis .
107.
26) Write special functions of leaf with example .
108.
Ans The special functions of leaf with example are
109.
Storage of food . Example cabbage , onion , garlic .
110.
Protein example Opuntia .
111.
CH-4
112.
27 ) Write the physical properties of water?
113.
114.
Ans-1 Water is colourless, odourless, tasteless.
115.
2 It is a transparent liquid at normal temperature
116.
3 It is in liquid form.
117.
4 At 0 degree c water is solidified and turns into solid
118.5 At 100 degree c water turns into vapour
119.
6 Ice is lighter than water.
120.
121.
28) chemical properties of water?
122.
123.
Ans-1 Water is compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
124.
2 Its molecular formula is h2o
125.
3 It contains hydrogen and oxygen with ratio of 2:1
126.
4 It is a universal solvent and which can dissolve most of the substances.
127.
128.
29) Mention main impurities of water?
129.
130.
Ans 1 Non-dissolved impurities
131.
2 Dissolved impurities
132.
3 Impurities of micro organism.
133.
134.
30 ) Water available in nature is never pure . Why?
135.
136.
Ans- Water available in nature is never pure because it is a universal solvent which
can dissolve most of these substances which are in solid ,liquid or gaseous form.
137.
138.
31) Describe types of hardness in water?
139.
140.
Ans -There are 2 types of hardness and they are as follows:
141.
1 Permanent hardness- water in which chlorides of calcium and magnesium and sulphate salts
are dissolved and hardness caused due to them is called permanent hardness
142.
143.
2 Temporary hardness- water in which bicarbonate salts of calcium and magnesium
are dissolved and hardness caused due to them is called temporary hardness. This hardness can
be removed by boiling or filtering.
144.
145.
32) Methods to purify the water ?
146.
147.
Ans -The methods to purify the water are as follows148.
1 Water can be purify by boiling, filtering and decanting.
149.
2 To remove salts and each solubility like sand particles and clay particles .
150.
3 Alum is used to purify muddy water.
151.
4 Impurities of micro- organism can be removed by boiling or by adding bleaching powder
and chlorine tablets .
152.
153.

gravitational force.

154.

4) Frictional force:

155.
Ans. When any object move on any surface the force exerted on it which opposes its motion is
called frictional force.
156.
CH-5
157.
what are the benefits of soil-testing?
158.
Ans. The benefits of soil testing are
159.
One can know the proportion of nutrients in the soil.
160.

One can know which crop should be taken.

161.

Which nutrients should be added so that crop production increases?

162.

Water holding capacity of the soil can be known.

163.
164.
165.

Q.2 What are the benefits of ploughing?

Ans. The benefits of ploughing are
Soil becomes soft.

166.

Air circulation increases in the soil.

167.

Sown seeds grow easily.

168.
Ploughing makes the soil upside down so nutrients of fertilizer mix up properly and fertility is
maintained.
169.
170.
171.
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.

Q.3 What precautions should be taken at the time of sowing?

Ans.
Q.4 Which harmful effects does a crop bare due to weeds?
Ans. 1) Nutrients for the main crops are absorbed by the weeds.
2) Required nutrients are not available in sufficient quantity to the main crops.
3) Weeds compete with main crops for sunlight and water.
4) Yield of crop decreases.
Q.5 Which steps can be taken to remove the weeds?
Ans. Steps can be taken to remove the weeds are
Khurpi, sickle, hoe should be used to remove weeds.

179.

Weeds can be removed by interploughing with harrow.

180.

Weedicides can be used to remove weeds.

181.
Q.6 What is rotation of crops? Why is it required?
182.
Ans. Instead of cultivating same type of crop every year , pulse and other crops are cultivated
alternately is called rotation of crops. Single type of nutrients are not used from due to rotation of
crops. So fertility of soil is maintained.
183.
Q.7 What are the benefits of an intercropping?
184.
Ans. The benefits of an intercropping are
185.
If one crop fails, the other may grow better.
186.

When two or more crops are grown together economic need of farmer is satisfied.

187.

Fertility of soil can be maintained.

188.
189.
190.
191.
192.

Q.8 Give the names of natural fertilizers.

Ans. 1) Dung manure.
2) Composed manure.
3) Green manure.
4) Oil seed Cake manure.

193.
5) Fertilizer obtained from biogas plant.
194.
Q.9 Mention the benefits of natural fertilizers.
195.
Ans. 1) Improves competition of soil.
196.
2) Improves moisture holding capacity.
197.
3) All nutrients are available to plants.
198.
4) Soil fertility and production efficiency of crop increases
199.
5) The effect of natural fertilizers retains for longer time. So it is not often added
200.
6) This fertilizers does not wash out easily with rain water as it is insoluble in water.
201.
7) It is relatively economic.
202.
Q.10 What are the benefits to the soil by using chemical fertilizers ?
203.
Ans. The benefits to the soil by using chemical fertilizers are:- 1) Chemical fertilizers are
water soluble. 2)By plants and hence crop production increases.
204.
3) Besides it, such chemical fertilizers can be given according to which nutrients are needed in
soil.
205.
Q.11 What is soil erosion? State the natural factors effecting the soil erosion?
206.
Ans. The process of removal of soil particles from upper layer of soil, far away due to wind,
rain or heavy flow of water is called soil erosion.
207.
Q.12 What is an irrigation? Mention the methods of irrigation.
208.
Ans. A method of supplying water to the grown crop is called irrigation. The methods of
irrigation are
209.
Dhoria ( Channel irrigation)
210.

Earthern pot irrigation.

211.

Drip irrigation method.

212.
CH-6 why is cell considered as a structural and functional unit of the living organism ?
213.
A1 . 1] Cell is the basic unit of organism body 2] A unicellular organism is made up of only
one cell.
214.
3] the body of multicellular organism is made up of many cell.
215.
4] thus cell is the structure unit of result of processes running within the cell.
216.
5] thus cell is the functional unit of organism.
217.
Q2 state the various organelle of cytoplasm.
218.
A2 the various organelle of cytoplasm are:- 1)cell membrane. 2)endoplasmic reticulum .
219.
3) ribosome 4) golgi body. 5) sysosome 6) mitochondrion.7) centriole [ only in animal cell ].
8) chloroplast.
220.
Q3 state the function of following organelle:
221.
1.mitochondrion : produces energy required for the metabolism . This energy is stored in the
form of ATP. Hence it is known as the power house of cell.
222.
2. ribosome : protein synthesis occur on its surface.
223.
Q4 state the function of cell membrane and endoplasmic reticulum.
224.
A4 cell membrane the transportation of different materials to cell or going out of the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum;- they are related to the synthesis of protein . secrets protein , steroids , etc.
225.
CH-7
226.

When is it said that body is in motion ?

227.
A.1 When any object continuously changes its position with respect to any stationary object
then that body is in motion.
228.

Q.2 list the objects in motion which you have seen?

229.
A.2 are1)motion of free falling ball from a height.2)motion of a blade of a fan .3)motion of a
hand of a clock .4)motion of a pendulum of a clock .5)m3 staotion of a flying butterfly.

230.
. Q.3 State any four effects of force?
231.
A.3 Four effects of force are1) Stationary object can be moved.2)The speed of a moving
object can be increased or decreases. 3)Direction of motion can be changed.4)Motion of the object.
5)The shape of the object can be changed.
232.
Q.4 State various types of force?
233.
A.4 There are four types of forces they are 1)Muscular force 2) Magnetic force
3)Gravitational force 4) Frictional force
234.
Q.5 State four advantages of frictional force ?
235.
A.5 Four advantages of frictional force are 1)We can walk on the road 2) We can draw a
picture 3)We can light a match stick 4) We can fix a nail 5)We can apply breakers to the cycle.
236.
Q.6 State four disadvantages of frictional force ?
237.
A.6 Four disadvantages of frictional force are 1)There is an wear an tear in the soles of foot
wear .2)There is a wear and tear in the tyers of vehicles due to frictional force . 3)So after some time
the tyres have to be changed.
238.
Q.7 What should we do to stop the noise different parts of the bicycle ,swing or machine ?
239.
A.7 To stop the noise from different parts of bicycle ,swing or machine we should put oil.
240.
Give scientific reasons:
241.
The moving vehicles stop on applying the brakes-because when the brakes are applied
frictional force is produced between the run of the wheel of the bicycle and brakes due to due to
which the vehicle slows down and ultimately stops.
242.
A person slips ,if he steps on a banana skin-because 1) Due to the friction between the surface
of a road soles of the feet /foot wear so a person can walk easily. 2)if the surface becomes smooth
,than frictional force decreases.3)as the banana skin is sticky, it is very smooth .4)so, when one steps
on a banana skin ,the required frictional force between the ground and foot for walking does not
produce hence, a person slips , if one steps on banana skin.
243.

CH-8

244.
Write names of organs of digestive system ?
245.
A1 The names of organs of digestive system are :246.
Mouth & Buccal Cavity
247.
Oesophagus
248.
Stomach
249.
Small intestine
250.
Large intestine
251.
Rectum
252.
Anus in main digestive organs
253.
Liver and pancreas is accessory digestive organ.
254.
255.
Q2 How is Buccal Cavity helpful in digestion of food ?
256.
A2 Tongue moves the food in buccal cavity. Teeth chew the food and convert it into small
parts. Salivary glands mix saliva when food is chewed. It contains enzymes ptyalin. Ptyalin partially
converts starch into sugar . Thus digestion of food begins from buccal cavity.
257.
258.
Q3 Explain the process of digestion occurring in stomach.
259.
A3 When food comes into stomach gastric juice mixes with it. Due to contraction and
relaxation of the muscles of stomach the food is churned well and semisolid homogenous mixture is
formed. Proteins are partially digested in stomach. This mixture moves into small intestine from
stomach.
260.
261.
Q4 State the structural components of human blood. Write the function of each component.
262.
A4 The structural component of human blood and their functions are as follows :-

263.
1 Red blood Corpuscles (R.B.C.s).They help to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in body.
2 White blood corpuscles (W.B.Cs).They protect the body against diseases. 3 Blood Platelets
(Thrombocytes).
264.
They help in process of clothing of blood.4.Blood Plasma.
265.
It transports nutrients in the body.
266.
Q5 State the function of blood.
267.
A.5 1 Blood transports the nutritive substance of the food , oxygen and carbon dioxide in the
body.
268.
2 It protects the body the against diseases with the help of white blood corpuscles.
269.
3 It prevents the blood clotting when wound occurs.
270.
4 It maintains the body temperature. It btw food into sugar. thus, when the food in chewed
much a major part of digestion of starch is almost completed in the mouth itself and their food
components are more rapidly digested I other digestive organs.
Answer in detail
1- Write a short note on magnetic compass?
1- It is made up of cylindrical box of aluminium or brass with a glass cover.
2-There is a circular dial, where direction are marked.
3-Amagnetic needle is pivoted on vertical axis such that it can rotate freely in horizontal plane.
4-The axis of magnetic needle is place at a centre of box and dial.
5-A transparent glass is kept at the top of the box is closed working.
6- To decide current direction with the help of compass the north pole of magnetic needle is brought over
north direction.
2-Decribe the method with figure to prepare an artificial magnet of a thin iron strip
Apparatusmaterials A magnet, thin iron strip
Methods1- Place a thin iron strip on a table.
2- Take a powerful bar magnet.
3- Place the north pole of the bar magnet at end A as shown in the figure.
4-Rub the magnet with pressure on the iron strip and take it to other end of B.
5- From the end B take it towards end A as shown in the figure.
6- Place the magnet in the original position.
7- Again rule it.
8-Repeat this process several times.
9-The iron strip will become a magnet
Q-3How can hard water be made soft water?
Answer The can hard water be made soft water by following ways
1-To remove the salts very much dissolved in hard, can be done by boiling such water very much. So
dissolved salts are converted into undissolved salts.
2-During this some, of the salts settle down at the bottom and some of the salts float on the top.
3-Filtering this water it becomes soft water.
4-Adding washing soda or borax powder in the hard water it can be made in to soft water.
Q-4Explain the process of digestion occurring in small intestine.
A-4 Food comes into small intestine from stomach. Here in duodenum file produced from the liver &
pancreatic juice produced from the pancreas mixed with the food. Pancreatic juice digests undigested
Carbohydrates , lipids & proteins. Bile helps pancreatic juice in digestion of lipid. Food remains for
maximum time in small intestine for digestion .the villa absorbs the digestion nutrients and they mix in blood
. undigested food chews moves into large intestine.
Q-5 How is Buccal Cavity helpful in digestion of food ?
A5Tongue moves the food in buccal cavity. Teeth chew the food and convert it into small parts. Salivary
glands mix saliva when food is chewed. It contains enzymes ptyalin. Ptyalin partially converts starch into
sugar . Thus digestion of food begins from buccal cavity.

Q6 Explain the process of digestion occurring in stomach.

A6 When food comes into stomach gastric juice mixes with it. Due to contraction and relaxation of the
muscles of stomach the food is churned well and semisolid homogenous mixture is formed. Proteins are
partially digested in stomach. This mixture moves into small intestine from stomach.
Q7 State the function of blood.
A.71 Blood transports the nutritive substance of the food , oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.
2 It protects the body the against diseases with the help of white blood corpuscles.
3 It prevents the body cloting when wound occurs.
4 It maintains the body temperature. It btw food into sugar. thus, when the food in chewed much a major
part of digestion of starch is almost completed in the mouth itself and their food components are more
rapidly digested I other digestive organs
Q1 How can soil erosion by water be prevented ?
A1 Soil erosion can be prevented in the following ways :1. Grass should be grown on soil.
2. Make strips in opposite direction of slope if soil have slpoe.
3. Cover the soil with plants.
4. Make steps in soil. By doing this, the flow of water is slowed down.
Q2 Write short note on: Drip irrigation method.
1. A plastic pipe at definate distance is used in this method.
2. A pipe with holes towards the roots of each plant is fitted in each row of crop.
3. Each plant gets water drops by the pipe.
4. So this method is called drip irrigation method.
5. This method of irrigation was minimum amount of water.
6. Weeds do not get water. As a result weeds cannot grow.
7. Plants can grow better because it gets enough quantity of water.
8. This method is useful even in uneven soil, in arid region and also in hilly regions.
Q1 How can soil erosion by water be prevented ?
A1 Soil erosion can be prevented in the following ways :1. Grass should be grown on soil.
2. Make strips in opposite direction of slope if soil have slpoe.
3. Cover the soil with plants.
4. Make steps in soil. By doing this, the flow of water is slowed down.
Q2 Write short note on: Drip irrigation method.
1. A plastic pipe at definate distance is used in this method.
2. A pipe with holes towards the roots of each plant is fitted in each row of crop.
3. Each plant gets water drops by the pipe.
4. So this method is called drip irrigation method.
5. This method of irrigation was minimum amount of water.
6. Weeds do not get water. As a result weeds cannot grow.
7. Plants can grow better because it gets enough quantity of water.
8. This method is useful even in uneven soil, in arid region and also in hilly regions. .
EXPERIMENT
CH-3
To demonstrate that root absorbs water and dissolve minerals

Apparatus and materials : A vinca plant with white flowers , beaker , water
Figure

Procedure : 1, take a tender , vinca plant , having white flower , with roots 2, take some water in
beaker . 3,put the plant in such away that the root remain inside the water .observe on the next
day
Observation : the stem ,leaves and flower of a plant are seen to be red in colour .
Conclusion : red water absorbed by roots that get conducted to various part of plants. So the
stem , leaves and flower become red.
(1) Describe an experiment to show that the leaves of plant release carbon dioxide during the process of
respiration.
Apparatus and materials : A potted plant , thread , transparent polythene bag , decanted lime water
Figure :

Procedure : 1, take a potted plant having large leaves 2,insert a branch of this plant in of this
plant on a polythene bag which contains a lime water 3, the mouth of bag along with the branch
tightly 4, now cover that plant with black cloth 5, absorb it next day .
Observation : the decanted lime water in the polythene bag turns milky.
Conclusion :the leaves of the plant releases carbon dioxide gas during respiration

(2) Describe an experiment explaining that plant releases water through transpiration
Apparatus and materials : a cotton plant , thread transparent polythene bag
Figure

Procedure : 1, take a cotton plant having large leaves 2, insert a branch of this plant without
breaking it in a transparent bag 3, tie the mouth of the bag along with the branch tighly 4, observe
after 4-5 hours

Observation : several water droplets are seen on the inner surface of the bag
Conclusion : the plant releases water in the form of water vapour through transpiration

(3) To determine the volume of the component of water by electrolysis with figure
Apparatus : voltameter , 6 volt battery , copper wire , water , sulphuric acid , 2 test tube
Figure

Procedure : 1, fill water in the voltametre up to half level. 2, add 4-5 drops of sulphuric acid in it .
3, fill two test tube by water up to the brim and arrange them inverted on the two test tube
electrodes 4, the positive end of the battery behave as anode and negative end of the battery
behave as cathode 5,now pass the electric current
Observation : 1, the test over the cathode is filled with the hydrogen and the over the anode is fill
up with oxygen . their volume with ratio is 2:1
Conclusion : water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen and proportion of hydrogen is double
than that of oxygen.
5) Describe an experiment to show that the presence of sunlight is inevitable for the process of
photosynthesis

Apparatus and materials: A potted plant, thin black paper, paperchip, alcohol, iodine solution,
beaker, water.

Figure:

Procedure: 1) Take potted plant having large leaves.

2) Keep the potted plant in the total darkness for 2 days, so that the prepare stach of the leaves
will be utilize.
3) Fixed it as shown in figure.
4) Now, place the potted plant in the sunlight for a day.
5) After that pluck one leaf, remove the black paper from the leaf and wash it with boiling water
then wash it with alcohol so that green colour will remove.
6) Again wash with the boiling water and put few drops of iodine and observe.

Observation: When iodine is spread over the leaves surface. The part of the leaves which was not
cover by the black paper.

Conclusion: Sunlight is inevitable for the process of photosynthesis.