Experiment no

Object:- To study full wave and half wave ckt. with or without capacitor.
Requirement:-Model no ME 577D is used for this experiment.
S.N.

Apparatus

Stepdown
230v to 8
transformer
Diode
Filter network
Resistances

2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Type

Toggle switch
Voltmeter
ammeter
Digital ac
millivoltmete
r
Cro.

Range

Qty.

Remark

8-0-8

Model no.
ME 577D
by maas
electrons.

50
ohm,500
ohm

4
1
2(one
each)
2
1
1
1
1

Theory: half wave rectifier:-

In half wave rectification,the diode conducts current only during the +ive
half of I/P cycle.the ive half cycles of ac supply are suppressed i.e:-during

 ive half cycle, no current is conducted. The o/p across the load is pulsating
dc these pulsating o/p are further smooth with the help of filter ckt..
efficiency is low i.e:-only 40.6%.
Full wave rectifier:-

In full wave rectifier,current flows through the load in the same

direction for both half cycles of I/P ac supply.at the +ive half cycle
diode d1 conducts and at the ive half cycle diode d2 conducts
through load(RL).the O/P of dc is pulsating and can be smooth with
the help of filter ckt. efficiency in full wave is 81.2%.

Bridge rectifier:- The need of centre tap transformer is

eliminated in the bridge rectifier.it contains 4 diodes i.e:-d1,d2,d3
and d4.

During the -ive half cycle diode d3 & d2 conduct and during ive
half cycle diode d1 & d4 conduct through load.the o/p of the
rectifier is also pulsating dc can be
Smoothened by the use of (pie) filter.the efficiency is more.

Ripple factor:-The ac component present in the o/p of a rectifier

is called ripples.the measurement of the ac component present in
o/p of a rectifier is called as ripple factor.

Ripple factor = rms value of ac component/rms value of dc

component
i.e:- AC (ripple) voltage/dc voltage = 1.21
Practical diagram of half wave,full wave & bridge rectifier:-

Procedure:-

 Connect the ckt as shown in the figure.

Connect dc voltmeter & miliameter at the proper
place .
Connect electronic ac milliameter/cro across the o/p
to measure the ripples directly.
Switch on the instrument using on/off toggle
switch.
Note down the reading of voltmeter & ammeter,
and ac ripples on the meter.
Switch on the toggle switch s1 to connect capacitor
c1 in the ckt. and check the o/p voltage ,current &
ripple.
Switch on the toggle switch s2 to connect capacitor
c2, now filter become t1 type configuration.again
note down the reading of voltage ,current& Ac
ripples.
Repeat the experiment for different values of load
resistances.

Observation:S.N.

Reading of Reading of Ripples

voltmeter ammeter

remarks

1
2
3
4
5

Result:-AC ripples are maximum without filter ckt. but reduces as c1 is

introduced and reduce further as c2 is also introduced. Ripples are minimum
when t1 type filter is used.

Precaution: All the connections should be tight.

Ammeter and voltmeter must be used in proper polarity.
Reading should be taken carefully.