Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
52
Correspondance : hady@utem.edu.my
Abstract.Magnesiacarbon
(MgO-C)
refractories are widely used in converter
because of their favorable properties such as
low wetting by corrosive steelmaking slags
chemical compatibility with basic slags and
better thermal properties. The molten slag
is in contact with the refractory during the
converting process, where temperatures
>1450C are common. Local convection
currents develop near the slagrefractory
nickel metteair intersection that leads to
small-scale circulating flows that increase
dissolution. In this report the effects of
dissolution of MgO-C refractory samples
into nickel matte and Fe2O3-SiO2-MgO slag
were observation by optical microscope and
SEM/EDS. The experimental results show
that the rate of dissolution of MgO-C
refractory materials increased with the
temperature and immersion time. This
supports the assumption that the diffusion
of magnesium through the slag boundary
layer formed around the refractory samples
would be the rate-determining step. The
formation of a thin oxide layer at the
interface is due the reaction between
magnesium vapor and the CO generated by
the reaction MgO and C in the refractory
walls. The oxide inclusions formed in the
matte have been shown mainly to consist of
MgO, Fe2O3 and a mixture of them. The
rate
of
corrosion
increased
with
temperature and immersion time and
decreased when the slag was nearly
saturated with MgO. The experimental
results confirm the assumption that the
diffusion of magnesium oxide through the
slag phase boundary layer controls the
corrosion process. The corrosion mechanism
seems to be the dissolution of elements in the
I. INTRODUCTION
The converter removes the remaining silica,
iron and iron oxide, which are referred to
collectively as slag from the nickel matte
product. This is achieved by heating the molten
matte and selectively oxidizing the iron by
blowing air through the molten liquid. The
oxidation of the iron is an exothermic reaction
and release heat into the converter. Silica flux is
added which melts and together with the iron
oxide forms converter slag. The addition of
scrap used to help control the temperature of the
converter content.
The converters are batch process. Furnace
nickel matte is put into the converter followed
by a quantity of flux material and scrap material
from which nickel is to be recovered. The
converter are then blown (air is blow into the
molten slag-matte batch through the tuyere
system). At the completion of each blow the
slag is poured out of the converters into ladles
for dumping. Then more furnace matte, scrap
and flux material is added, and the blowing
process is repeated. When the proportion of
nickel in the converter has risen to the required
level, the final high nickel converter slag is
poured off and finally the converter matte is
poured off and sent to the granulation system for
finally processing and packaging.
FeO + xSiO2
2FeO + SO2
FeO (SiO2)x
(1)
(2)
Ni
Co
Fe SiO2 MgO
S
0.173 0.027 18.7 45.5 22.5 0.22
Materials involved
This part will present the materials that have
been used in this study and give their main
properties: Bricks, Slag, SiO2 and Matte (The
composition was given in table 1).
Bricks
The Bricks used in the converters are made of
MgO-C refractory materials. Their composition
is given in table 2. The main proprieties needed
for refractory materials are their high heat
resistance, low thermal conductivity, mechanical
resistance, and thermal stresses resistance,
resistance to corrosion, resistance to erosion,
liquid and gas permeability [1].
TABLE 2.
THE COMPOSITION OF MGO-C BRICK
53
Ni
0.48
Co
0.22
Fe
51.9
SiO2
25.8
MgO
3.4
Slag coating
54
(3)
Slag
Refractory
MgO-C
Interface
(4)
55
(5)
(6)
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
56
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Chen Y., Brooks G., Nightingale S.,Slag
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Canadian Metalurgical, Vol.44, pp.323330, 2005
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Mechanis of MgO-C Slag Line Bricks For
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Siderurgia, San Nicolas, Argentina, 2006
Watanabe A., Takahashi H., and Nakatami
F., Mechanism of Dense Magnesia Layer
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Provost , Mechanism and
Countermeasures of Alumina Clogging in
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Conf. Proc., Nasville, USA, Vol.78, pp
451-456, 1995
Cooper A.R., Kinetic of Refractory
Corrosion, Ceram.Eng. and Sci. Proc.,
No.2, pp 1063-1086, 1982