The Faculty Reading Lists for Part I papers are revised annually to a greater or lesser extent.

In designing examinations, setters

take into account both reading lists operative during a two-year period.

Please note: some parts of the following list are very detailed. Your supervisor will point out
the key texts. Please remember that this paper is general and comparative. You should avoid
over-concentration on one particular region or period.
2011-12
PAPER 21:EMPIRES IN WORLD HISTORY C. 1400-1914.
Note: this is a guide to themes, questions and reading, not a prescribed syllabus
The paper considers the expansion of Europe against the background of major changes and developments in other
world societies. It seeks to account for the expansion of European territorial empires, first in the New World, later in
Asia and Africa. It examines the significance and impact of the resistance of non-European peoples to European
dominance and the beginnings of nationalist movements in the late nineteenth century.

GENERAL: EXPANDING EUROPE & ITS COMPETITORS

K Pomeranz
F. Cooper,
J Darwin
MGS Hodgson
G Scammell
A Pagden
G Parker
WH McNeill
J Iliffe
PJ Marshall (ed.)
CA Bayly
P Kennedy
AN Porter
FC Robinson
Joachim Radakau
I Lapidus
Megan Vaughan
AG Hopkins (ed.)
AG Hopkins
R Drayton
Adam Mckeown,
J Richards
Lauren Benton

The Great Divergence (2000)

Colonialism in Question (2005)
After Tamerlane (2007)
Rethinking World History (1993)
The World Encompassed [read for topics 14]; The First Imperial Age, 14001715 (1989)
Lords of all the World: Ideologies of Empire in Spain, Britain and France 15001800 (1995)
The Military Revolution (1988)
The Pursuit of Power (1982)
Africans (1995)
The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire (1996)
The Birth of the Modern World (2004)
The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers (1988)
An Atlas of British Overseas Expansion
An Atlas of the Islamic World since 1500 (1992)
Nature and power. A global history of the environment (2008)
A History of Islamic Societies
Africa and the birth of the modern world, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society,
2006, 143-62
Globalisation in World History
Overseas expansion, imperialism, and empire 18151914, in TCW Blanning (ed.), The
Nineteenth Century
Maritime networks and the making of knowledge in D Cannadine (ed.) Empire, the sea and
global history (2007)
Global migration 1846-1940, Journal of World History, 15, 2, 2004.
The unending frontier. An environmental history of the early modern world (2004)
Law and Colonial Cultures (2002)

SPANISH AMERICA

a) How far was the Spanish monarchy in America merely a successor state, built on indigenous foundations?
Or
b) Was the development of Spains imperial administrative system after 1500 due more to metropolitan agendas or
American contingencies?

1: The New World Before the European Invasion

Alcock, Susan and Terence DAltroy, eds. Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2001.
Brumfiel, Elizabeth. Aztec hearts and minds: religion and the state in the Aztec empire. In: Susan Alcock and Terence
DAltroy, Empires, 283-310.
Cohen, Paul. Was there an Amerindian Atlantic? Reflections on the limits of a historiographical concept. History of
European Ideas, vol. 34, issue 4, Dec. 2008, 388-410.
Covey, Alan. The Inca Empire. In: Helaine Silverman and William H. Isbell. Handbook of South American
Archaeology. Springer: New York, 2008, 809-830. (available online).
Smith, Michael. The Aztec Empire and the Mesoamerican World System. In: Alcock and DAltroy, Empires, 128-154.

2. Conquest
Suzanne Alchon. A Pest in the Land: New World Epidemics in a Global Perspective. Albuquerque: University of New
Mexico Press, 2003.
Cook, N. David. Born to Die: Disease and New World conquest, 1492-1650. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1998.
Greenblatt, Stephen. Marvelous Possessions: The wonder of the New World. Oxford: Clarendon, 1991.
Matthew, Laura and Michel Oudijk, eds. Indian conquistadors: Indigenous allies in the conquest of Mesoamerica.
Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2007.
McNeill, William. Plagues and People. New York: Anchor Books Doubleday, 1998 (electronic book).
Restall, Mathew. Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. (available online).

3. The First Globalization

Bakewell, Peter. A History of Latin America: Empires and Sequels, 1450-1930. Oxford: Blackwell, 1997.
Bauer, Arnold J. Goods, Power, History:Latin Americas Material Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2001.
Benjamin, Thomas. The Atlantic World: Europeans, Africans, Indians and their shared history, 1400-1900. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Elliott, John H. Empires of the Atlantic World: Britain and Spain in America, 1492-1830. New Haven: Yale University
Press, 2006.
Klein, Herbert and Ben Vinson III, African Slavery in Latin America and the Caribbean. 2nd edition. New York: Oxford
University Press, 2007.
Mintz, Sidney. Sweetness and Power. New York: Viking Pinguin, 1985.
Moya Pons, Frank. History of the Caribbean. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.

PJ Bakewell
D Brading
A. Caeque

A History of Latin America, c. 1450 to the present. Malden: Blackwell, 2004.

The First America (1991), Part 1
The Kings Living Image: The Culture and Politics of Viceregal Power in Colonial Mexico.
New York: Routledge, 2004. (Chapter 4).
K. Deagan
Dynamics of imperial adjustment in Spanish America: Ideology and social integration. In:
Alcock, S. and Terence DAltroy, eds. Empires, Perspectives from Archaeology and History,
179-194.
S Schwartz (ed.)
Implicit Understandings: observing encounters in the early modern era (1994), chapter by
Lockhart on Nahua
A Pagden
Lords of all the World
L. Bethell
Cambridge History of Latin America
D. Watts,
The West Indies, chapter 2 and 3.
J. Lockhart and S. Schwartz, Early Latin America

C. H. Haring,
The Spanish Empire in America
J. H. Elliott,
Empires of the Atlantic World (2006)
S. Gruzinski,
The Mestizo Mind
J. Delburgo and N. Dew, eds., Science and Empire in the Atlantic World, chapter by Sandman
J-P Moreau,
N. Whitehead, ed.
J. Sued Badillo, ed.,
J. Sued Badillo,

Les Petites Antilles de Christophe Colomb a Richelieu, chapters 1-4

Wolves from the Sea, chapter by Sued Badillo
The Unesco General History of the Caribbean, Volume I (2004), chapters 7-9.
El Dorado Borincano (2000)

Latin America
S. J. Stern, Perus Indian Peoples and the Challenge of Spanish Conquest
GA Collier (ed.)
The Inca and Aztec States 14001800
I Clendinnen
Aztecs: An Interpretation (1991)
N Farriss
Maya Society under Colonial Rule
A. Knight
Mexico: The Colonial Era. Cambridge: CUP, 2006
M. Restall
Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest. Oxford: OUP, 2003.
T. Saignes
The Colonial Condition in the Quechua-Aymara Heartland. In: Salomon, Frank and S.
Schwartz, eds. The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas, vol. III, part 2,
pp. 59-137.
C. Townsend
Burying the White Gods: New Perspectives on the Conquest of Mexico. The American
Historical Review, 108:3, 2003.

2 PORTUGUESE EMPIRE
a) More of a predatory than a commercial system. Discuss this view of the Portuguese. or
b) Why were the Portuguese more successful in Brazil than in Africa and Asia?
The Portuguese Expansion
Portuguese Expansion
PJ Bakewell History of Latin America (1997), 295348
D. Studnicki-Gizbert, A Nation Upon the Ocean Sea: Portugals Atlantic Diaspora and the Crisis of the Spanish
American Empire, 1492-1640 (2007)
Malyn Newitt, A History of Portuguese Expansion, 1400-1668 (Routledge, 2005).
F Bethencourt and D R Couto (eds) Portuguese Oceanic Expansion, 1400-1800 (2007) essays by Schwartz, Pearson,
Thornton and Armesto.
G Scammell Indigenous Assistance, MAS (1980)
M Pearson & B Kling (eds) Age of Partnership, chapter by Pearson
J Villiers Portugal and the Bandas, MAS (Oct 1981)
JC Boyajian Portuguese Trade in Asia under the Habsburgs, esp. chapter 5
C. Boxer, "Some considerations on Portuguese Colonial Historiography", in Historiography of Europeans in
Africa and Asia, 1450-1800, Vol. 4, ed. A. Disney (Ashgate, 1995).
Africa/Asia
A Disney (ed.), Vasco da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia (2005) essays by Prakash, Couto Winius.
L Andaya The World of Malaku: Eastern Indonesia in the early modern period (1993)
N Steensgard Asian Trade Revolution of 17th Century
J Disney Twilight of the Pepper Empire
N Tarling (ed.) Cambridge History of S.E. Asia, vol. 1, chapters 68
D Birmingham & P Martin (eds) History of Central Africa vol. 1, chapters 1, 4 and 6
S Subrahmanyam Portuguese Empire in Asia, 15001700 (1997)
LF Thomasz Faction, interests and messianism: the politics of Portuguese expansion in the East, Indian Ec & Soc
Hist Review 28, 1 (1991)
M Newitt History of Mozambique, chapters 13
D Birmingham Portugal and Africa (1999)
D Birmingham Trade and Empire in the Atlantic, 1400-1600 (2000)
P Machado, Without scales and balances: Gujarati merchants in Mozambique, 1680s-1800 Portuguese Studies
Review 9 (2001) pp. 254-288
J Thornton The Kingdom of Kongo (1983), esp. ch 6
A. Strathern, Kingship and conversion in 16th century Sri Lanka

New World
L. Bethell, ed. Colonial Brazil (Cambridge UP, 1997). Chapters 5, 6, & 7.
SB Schwartz Sugar Plantations in the Formation of Brazilian Society
K. Maxwell Naked Tropics: Essays on Empire and Other Rogues (Routledge, 2004),
B. Diffie, A history of colonial Brazil, 1500-1792 (Florida, 1987). Chapters 1-6.
A.J.R Russell-Wood, Society and government in colonial Brazil, 1500-1822 (Aldershot, 1992).
H. B. Johnson, The leasing of Brazil, 1502-1515: a problem resolved? The Americas, 55, n.3 (Jan 1999): 481-487.
C. Boxer, Dutch in Brazil, 1624-54 (Hamden, 1973).
J. Lang, Portuguese Brazil: the kings plantation (New York, 1979). Chapters 1, 2 and 3
C. Boxer, Race relations in the Portuguese colonial empire (Oxford, 1963). Chapter 3.
A.J.R Russell-Wood, The black man in slavery and freedom in colonial Brazil
3

THE EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY

Why did certain non-European peoples (and not others) convert to Christianity?
a) before 1800? or
b) after 1800?

(3a)
A Pagden

The Fall of Natural Man: The America Indian and the Origins of Comparative Ethnology
(1982)
N Farris
Maya Society under Colonial Rule, 286355
PJ Marshall (ed.)
Oxford History of the British Empire (OHBE) II, 1999 chapter 6 by Schlenther
A.N. Porter
Religion versus Empire? British Protestant Missions and Overseas Expansion 1700-1914
S. Gruzinski,
The Mestizo Mind (2004)
K Mills and A. Grafton, eds. Conversion: Old Worlds and New (2003)
S Bayly
Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society (1989),
chapters 910
CR Boxer
Japans Christian Century
AH Rowbotham
Missionary and Mandarin
Jonathan D Spence
The Memory Palace of Matteo Ricci
J Gernet
China and the Christian Impact (1985)
GB Sansom
Western World and Japan, 7286, 11533 and 15264
N Tarling (ed.)
Cambridge History of Southeast Asia vol. 1, chapter 9
V Raphael
Contracting Colonialism: translation and conversion in Tagalog society under early Spanish
rule (1988)
A Strathern,
Transcendentalist intransigence. Why rulers rejected monotheism in southeast Asia and
beyond., Comparative Studies in Society and History, 49, April 2007.
E Kenton
Black Gown and Redskins 16101791
HW Bowden
American Indians and Christian Missions
A Hastings
The Church in Africa 14501950 (1994)
JK Thornton
An African Catholic Church in the Kongo, JAH 25 (1984), 14667

(3b) post-1800
The state and mission
AN Porter
Culture and mission
Anna Johnston
Susan Thorne
J & J Comaroff
A Porter
Ideologies and mission
Brian Stanley ed.
Geoffrey Oddie
Sujit Sivasundaram
Nola Cooke

Religion versus empire? British Protestant missionaries and overseas expansion, 1700-1914
(2004)
Missionary writing and empire, 1800-1860 (2003)
Congregational missions and the making of an imperial culture (1999)
Of revelation and revolution (1991)
Cultural imperialism and British expansion in the long nineteenth century in JICH 25
(1997), pp.367-91; a response to the tradition of works above
Christian missions and the Enlightenment (2001)
Imagined Hinduism: British protestant missionary constructions of Hinduism, 1793-1900
(2006)
Nature and the godly empire: science and evangelical mission in the Pacific (2005)
Early nineteenth century Vietnamese Catholics, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 35, 2004.

Responses
JD Spence
Richard Fox Young
Niel Gunson

Africa
JFA Ajayi
A Hastings
JDY Peel
R Elphick & R Davenport
R Horton
H Fisher
P Landau

Gods Chinese Son (1996)

Resistant Hinduism (1981)
An account of the mamaia or visionary heresy of Tahiti in Journal of Polynesian Society 71
(1962), pp. 209-43

Christian Missions in Nigeria 18411914 (1965)

The Church in Africa 14501950 (1994)
Religious Encounter and the Making of the Yoruba (2001), esp. chapters 1 and 8
Christianity in South Africa (1997), Part 1
African conversion, Africa 41 (1971)
Conversion reconsidered, Africa 43 (1973)
The Realm of the Word (1995)

4 THE DUTCH & THEIR COMPETITORS

a) The First Capitalist Empire. Discuss this view of Dutch expansion. or
b) How far had Dutch influence modified non-European economies and societies before 1800?
J Israel
Dutch Primacy in World Trade 15851740; Empires and Entrepots
Scammell, Steensgaard, Boyajian, Andaya as under General and topic 2 above
H Furber
Rival Empires of Trade
G Parker
The Military Revolution (1988), chapters 3 and 4
L Blusse & F Gaastra (eds)
Companies and Trade (1981)
K Chaudhuri
Trade and Civilisation in the Indian Ocean, chapter 4
A Reid
Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, vol. 1, The lands below the wilds; vol. 2, Expansion
and Crisis
M Ricklefs
A History of Modern Indonesia, chapters 14 (2nd edn, 1993)
I Habib & T Raychaudhuri Cambridge Economic History of India, vol. 2
O Prakash
The Dutch East India Company and the Economy of Bengal, esp. conclusion
A Das Gupta
Malabar in Asian Trade 17401800 (1967)
Alicia Schrikker, Dutch and British Colonial Intervention in Sri Lanka, 1780-1815 (2007), pp. 1-140 [SAS]
R Elphick & H Giliomee (eds) The Shaping of South African Society 16521840 (1989)
Leonard Blusse
Strange Company: Chinese Settlers, Mestizo Women and the Dutch in VOC Batavia (1986)
Leonard Blusse
Visible cities. Canton, Nagasaki and Batavia and the coming of the Americans (2008)
Heather Sutherland The Makssar Malays: adaptation and identity c. 1660-1790, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies,
32, 2001.
JG Taylor
The Social World of Batavia: Europeans and Eurasions in Dutch Asia
N Canny (ed.)
OHBE, I (1998), chapter 19 by J Israel
A Brugh and T Veenstra, The Creolization of Dutch (Afrikaans, Negerhollands, and Berbice Dutch), Jl of Pidgin and
Creole Languages, April 1993, No 8/1, pp. 29-80
C. Goslinga, The Dutch in the Caribbean and on the Wild Coast
C. Boxer, The Dutch in Brazil
W. Klooster, Illicit Riches: Dutch Trade in the Caribbean
P. Emmer, The Dutch in the Atlantic Economy, 1580-1880
J. M. Postma, The Dutch in the African Slave Trade, 1620-1815
O. A. Rink, Holland on the Hudson: An Economic and Social History of Dutch New York

5. THE MULTI-ETHNIC EMPIRES OF THE EXTRA-EUROPEAN WORLD

Despite differences in religion and culture, the Ottoman, Mughal and Qing Empires had much in
common, even in their decline Discuss.
General:
Darwin, After Tamerlane; Bayly, Birth of the Modern World, Ch 1.-3; Pomeranz, The great divergence, Marshall
Hodgson, Gunpowder empires; Hodgson, Rethinking world history; Karen Barkey, Empire of
differences. The Ottomans in comparative perspective(2008)

Ottomans:
Suraiya Faroqhi, Approaching Ottoman history: an introduction to the sources (1999), introduction, 1-26
Donald Quataert, Ottoman Empire 1700-1922
Erik J Zurcher, Turkey: a modern history (1997), pp. 1-80.
Virginia Aksan, Locating the Ottomans among early modern empires, Journal of Modern History, 3, 1999.
Huri Islamoglu, Modernities comparedthe Qing and Ottoman empires, Journal of Early Modern History, 3, 1999.
Mughals:
J. F. Richards, The Mughal Empire, NCHI
Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam (eds.), The Mughal Empire.
Stephen P. Blake, Shahjahanabad. The sovereign city in Mughal India
J Heesterman, Western expansion; Indian reaction: Mughal Empire and British Raj, in J C Heesterman, The Inner
Conflict of Tradition, Chicago, 1985
Stewart Gordon
The Marathas, Marauders and State Formation
Qing:
J. Spence, In search of modern China
R. Bin Wong, China Transformed
E. Rawski. The Last Emperors
Pomeranz, The Great Divergence
Philip Kuhn, Soulstealers

6 B R I T I S H E X P A N S I O N I N I N D I A (see also topic 8 below)

a) Why and how did the British move from trade to dominion in India? or
b) British India was created by Indians.
P J Marshall
Lawrence Stone (ed.)
R Travers
R Travers
G Johnson (ed.)
PJ Marshall

The making and unmaking of empires. Britain, India and America, 1750-83 (2005)
An Imperial State at War, chapter 12 by Bayly
Ideology and empire in eighteenth century India (2007)
The eighteenth century in India, Eighteenth century Studies, 2008 (on line)
A Cultural Atlas of India
Reappraisals: the rise of British power in 18th-century India, South Asia 19, 1 (1996);
Problems of Empire: Britain and India; Bengal: The British Bridgehead (NCHI, 1987), esp.
chapter 3; British in Oudh, MAS (1975); (ed.) OHBE, II, chapters 1, 2224 by Marshall,
Ray, Bowen
P Nightingale
Trade and Empire in Western India 17841806 (1970)
L Subramanian
Indigenous Capital and Imperial Expansion
E Ingram (ed.)
Two Views of British India [documents 17981801: Dundas and Wellesley] (1969)
H Bowen
Revenue and Reform (1995)
R Barnett
North India Between Empires, 17201801 (1980)
R Datta
Society, Economy and the Market in Rural Bengal 17601800 (Delhi, 2000)
CA Bayly
Indian Society and The Making of the British Empire (NCHI, 1987), chapters 13; Empire
and Information (1996), chs 23; The first age of global imperialism 17601830, JICH 26, 2
(1988)
Sudipta Sen
Distant sovereignty
Nicholas Dirks
The scandal of empire (2005)
T Raychaudhuri
Chapter in Cambridge Economic History of India, vol. 2
DA Washbrook
Progress and Problems, MAS (1988)
M Fisher
Indirect Rule in India (1991), 166, 123227, 269363
& Alavi
Essays in MAS 1 (1993)
Introduction, Washbrook, Travers in The transition to Colonialism, MAS, 2, 2004.

7 THE SLAVE TRADE: AFRICA & THE BRITISH CARIBBEAN

a) Did Britain abolish the slave trade only because its contribution to the Atlantic economy had ceased to be
crucial?
b) Analyse the demographic, political and socio-economic consequences of the Atlantic slave trade for West African
societies.
Or: How far were Africans willing agents rather than helpless victims of the Atlantic trade?
Or: To what extent did African economic and political interests shape the Atlantic slave trade?
(7a)
The big picture
PK OBrien

Metanarratives in Global Histories of Progress, International History Review 23, 2 (2001),

34567
AG Hopkins (ed)
Globalization in World History (2002), chapter by Drayton
C Robinson
Capitalism, Slavery, and Bourgeois Historiography, History Workshop Journal 23 (1987),
12240
O Petr-Grenouilleau, Les Traites Negrires: Essai dhistoire globale (2004

The debate
E Williams
Capitalism and Slavery (1944; reprint 1966)
SL Engerman & ED Genovese (eds)
Race and Slavery in the Western Hemisphere (1975), chapter by Anstey
V Rubin & A Tuden (eds) Comparative Perspectives on Slavery (1977), chapters by Curtin, Anstey, & Drescher
S Drescher
Econocide: British Slavery in the Era of Abolition (1977)

Whose abolition? popular pressure and the ending of the British slave trade, Past & Present
138 (1993), 13666

The long goodbye: Dutch capitalism & anti-slavery in comparative perspective, American
Hist R 99 (1994), 4469
D Eltis
Economic Growth and the Ending of the Transatlantic Slave Trade (1987)
& J Walvin (eds) The Abolition of the Atlantic Slave Trade (1981), Introduction and Part 1
& LC Jennings
Trade between West Africa & the Atlantic world in the pre-colonial era, American Hist
R 93 (1988), 93659
PD Curtin
The Rise and Fall of the Plantation Complex (1990)
M Craton, J Walvin, & D Wright (eds) Slavery, Abolition, & Emancipation, Parts 1, 2, 4, 5
L Colley
Britons (1992), 35060
BL Solow (ed.)
Slavery and the Rise of the Atlantic System (1991), Introduction, chapters 5 and 8
& SL Engerman (eds) British Capitalism and Caribbean Slavery: the legacy of Eric Williams (1987)
RL Stein
The French Slave Trade in the Eighteenth Century
Ian Bancom,
Specters of the Atlantic: Finance Capital, Slavery, and the Philosophy of History
C. Brown, Moral Capital: Foundations of British Abolitionism
Recent summaries
N Canny
PJ Marshall
(7b)
W Rodney

OHBE, I (1998), chapter 10 by Beckles

OHBE, II (1998), chapter 20 by Richardson

How Europe underdeveloped Africa (1972 & later edns), chapters 34 for an uncomplicated
view
J Iliffe
Africans (1995), chapter 7, for a more complex one
AG Hopkins
Economic History of West Africa (1973), chapter 3
P Manning
Slavery and African Life (1990)
J Thornton
Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World (1992)
N Canny (ed.)
OHBE, I (1998), chapters 2 and 11
JE Inikori & SL Engerman (eds.) The Atlantic Slave Trade: Effects on Economics, Societies and People . . . (1992)
D Eltis & LC Jennings
Trade between west Africa & the Atlantic world in the pre-colonial era, American Hist R 93
(1988), 93659
P Lovejoy & D Richardson
British abolition and (West African) slave prices 18831850, J EcHist 55 (1995)
R Law (ed.)
From Slave Trade to Legitimate Commerce (1995), Introduction, chapters 12, 4
JC Miller
Way of Death: Merchant Capitalism & the Angolan Slave Trade (1988), Preface and chs 15,
11, 19
J Vansina
Paths in the Rainforests (1990), chapter 7
JM Janzen
Ideologies and institutions in African therapeutic systems, Social Science and Medicine 13B
(1979), 31726
CC Robertson & MA Klein (eds) Women and Slavery in Africa (1983)

Patrick Manning,
Africa and the African Diaspora: New Directions of Study, JAH, 44 (2003)
Jean-Francois Bayart, Africa in the World: a History of Extraversion, African Affairs, 99 (2000).
Isidore Okpewho et al eds, African Diaspora: African Origins and New World Identities (2001)
Paul Gilory,
The Black Atlantic (1992)
David Northrup,
Africas Discovery of Europe, 1450-1850 (Oxford, 2002)
Vincent Carretta, Equiano , the African : Biography of a Self-Made Man (2005)
Sources
P Edwards (ed)
Equianos Travels (1967) [There are many later editions of Olaudah Equianos life as a slave]
E Donnan (ed.)
Documents Illustrative of the Slave Trade, vol. 1, 282301; vol. 2, 393417, 63242 [UL]
a) J Thornton
The Kongolese Saint Anthony (1998) (instead of article if you need to delete something?)
b) JDY Peel, Religious Encounter and the Making of the Yoruba (2000) [perhaps instead of Landau since most Africa
texts are Southern Africa. David Maxwell might have further advice for this topic]
Further work on Africa.
a) S Drescher From slavery to freedom (1999)
b) Suggest revision of question to: [these latter two might be better as exam questions]
HS Klein The Atlantic Slave Trade (1999)
P Curtin, The Atlantic slave trade: a census (1972)
J Iliffe Africans (2nd edn, 2007) ch 7
D. Eltis and D. Richardson (eds.), Routes to Slavery: Direction, Ethnicity and Mortality in the Transatlantic Slave
Trade Slavery and Abolition (Special Issue) 18, 1 (1997)
W. Hawthorne, Planting rice and harvesting slaves: transformations along the Guinea-Bissau coast, 1400-1900 (2003)
R. Law, Slave-raiders and middlemen, monopolists and free-traders: the supply of slaves for the Atlantic trade in
Dahomey c. 1715-1850 Journal of African History 30 (1989), 45-68
Latham, A J H. Old Calabar (1973)
P Lovejoy and D Richardson, Trust, pawnship, and Atlantic history: the institutional foundations of the old Calabar
slave trade American Historical Review 104 (1999), pp. 333-355
K. Mann, Slavery and the birth of an African city: Lagos, 1760-1900 (2007)
D. Northrup, Trade without rulers (1978)

c) How far did West African slave merchants and their communities see themselves as belonging to the Atlantic
World?
G.E. Brooks, Eurafricans in Western Africa (2003)
P.D. Curtin, Africa Remembered: Narratives by West Africans from the era of the Slave Trade (1967)
D. Eltis et.al. The Costs of Coercion: African Agency in the History of the Atlantic World Economic History Review 54
(2001), pp. 454-76
D. Eltis, The Rise of African Slavery in the Americas (2000)
D. Forde (ed.), Efik Traders of Old Calabar (1956)
D. Henige, John Kabes of Komenda: An Early African Entrepreneur and State Builder, Journal of African History 18
(1977), pp.1-19
R. Kea, Settlements, Trade and Politics in the Seventeenth-Century Gold Coast (1982)
H.S. Klein, The African Organization of the Slave Trade in The Atlantic Slave Trade (Cambridge, 1999), pp. 103-129
R. Law and K. Mann, West Africa in the Atlantic Community: The Case of the Slave Coast William and Mary
Quarterly 55 (1999), pp. 307-34
R. Law and S. Strickrodt (eds.), Ports of the Slave Trade (1999)
R. Law, Ouidah: The Social History of a West African Slaving Port (2004)

A. J. H. Latham, Old Calabar, 1600-1891 (1973)

P.E. Lovejoy and D. Richardson, Trust, Pawnship, and Atlantic History: The Institutional Foundations of the Old
Calabar Slave Trade American Historical Review 104 (1999), pp. 333-355
K. Mann and E. Bay (eds.) Rethinking the African Diaspora Slavery and Abolition Special Issue 22, 1 (2001)
P. Morgan, The Cultural Implications of the Atlantic Slave Trade: African Regional Origins, American Destinations and
New World Developments Slavery and Abolition 18 (1997), pp. 122-45
D. Northrup, Trade Without Rulers (1978)
D. Northrup, Africas Discovery of Europe, 1450-1850 (2002)
P.D. Morgan and S. Hawkins (eds.), Black Experience and the Empire (2004). Chapters by Northrup and Morgan.
A. Ryder, Benin and the Europeans, 1495-1897 (1969)
R.J. Sparks, Two Princes of Calabar: An Atlantic Odyssey From Slavery To Freedom William and Mary Quarterly 59
(2002), pp. 555-58
J.K. Thornton, Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400-1800 (1992)
7c) Indian Ocean
Question: What kinds of systems of unfree labour existed in the western Indian Ocean in the 18th and 19th
centuries, and how would you characterise the societies which were created as a result of
them?
Marina Carter,

Slavery and Unfree Labour in the Indian Ocean History Compass (online, 2006) : 10.1111/j.14780542.2006.00346.x
Edward Alpers,
Recollecting Africa: Diasporic Memory in the Indian Ocean World, African Studies Review, 43
(2000), 83-99
Richard Allen,
Slaves, Freedmen and Indentured Labour in Colonial Mauritius, Cambridge, 1999
Richard Allen,
Licentious and Unbridled proceedings : the illegal slave trade to Mauritius and the Seychelles in
the early nineteenth century, JAH, 42 (2002), 91-117
Anthony Barker,
Slavery and Antislavery in Mauritius, 1810-1833, 1996
Marina Carter,
Servants, Sirdars and Settlers: Indians in Mauritius, 1834-1874, 1995
Megan Vaughan,
Creating the Creole Island: Slavery in Eighteenth Century Mauritius, 2005
Janet Ewald,
Crossers of the Sea: Slaves, Freedmen and other Migrants in the Northwestern Indian Ocean
1750-1914, American Historical Review, 105 (2000), 69-92

W A R A N D B R I T I S H E X P A N S I O N T O C I R C A 1 8 3 0 (see also topic 6 above)

Is continuity or change the main feature of British expansion between 1760 and 1830?
PJ Marshall (ed.)
KR Andrews
P Cain & A Hopkins
IR Christie
VT Harlow

Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire (1996)

Trade, Plunder and Settlement: British Empire 14801830 (1984)
Political Economy of British Expansion 17501914, EcHR 33 (1980)
Crisis of Empire: Great Britain and American Colonies 175483
Founding of the Second British Empire I, 1222, 299311, 48392; II, 254318, 339483,
544654, 782800
Maya Jasanoff
Libertys exiles. The loss of America and the remaking of the British Empire (2011)
R Hyam
British imperial expansion in late 18th century, HJ 10 (1967)
P Marshall
First and second British empires: . . . demarcation, History 49 (1964)
DL Mackay
Direction and purpose in British imperial policy 17831801, HJ 17 (1974)
C A Bayly,
Imperial Meridian (1989) or Birth Of the Modern World (2004 )chs. 2/3.
R Davis
Industrial Revolution and Overseas Trade
R Hyam & GW Martin
Reappraisals in British Imperial History (1975), chapters 13 and 7
PJ Cain
Economic Foundations of British Overseas Expansion 18151914
D Landes
The Unbound Prometheus (1969)
DA Farnie English Cotton Industry and World Market 181596, 344 and 81134

F Thistlethwaite
James Fichter,
JS Galbraith
R Hyam
JR Ward

Migration from Europe overseas, in Population Movements in Modern European History,

ed. H Moller
So great a profit. How the East India trade transformed Anglo-American capitalism (Harvard, 2011)
The Turbulent Frontier as factor in British expansion, CSSH 2 (1959/60)
Britains Imperial Century (2nd edn, 1993)
British Imperialism 17501850, EcHR xlvii (1994), 34463

9 A MIDDLE GROUND? First Peoples, Slaves, and British and French expansion, 1600-1815
Can the story of early French and British colonial expansion be reduced to the impact of Europeans upon the others?
P. Boucher, Cannibal Encounter
-------------- France and the American Tropics to 1700 (2007)
R. White, The Middle Ground (1991)
R. Cronon, Changes in the Land (1984)
A. Gallay, The Indian Slave Trade (2002)
G. E. Dowd, A Spirited Resistance
R Fabel. Colonial Challenges: Britons, Native Americans, and Caribs, 1759-1775. (2000)
D. Garraway, The Libertine Colony: Creolization in the Early French Caribbean (2005)
S Gruzinski, The Mestizo Mind
M Vaughan, Creating the Creole Island: Slavery in Colonial Mauritius (2005)
G. Midlo Hall, Slavery and African Ethnicities in the Americas
S Fischer, Modernity Disavowed (2002)
S Aravamudan , Tropicopolitans: Colonialism and Agency, 1688-1804
J. Thornton, Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World

10 The Pacific Ocean

a) Why did Pacific explorations arouse such attention in Europe in the late eighteenth and early
nineteenth centuries?
OR
b) How did Pacific islanders respond and come to terms with the arrival of Europeans on their
shores?

Introductory
Alan Moorehead, The Fatal Impact (Harmondsworth, 1966)
Bernard Smith, European Vision and the South Pacific (Yale, 1985)
Harry Liebersohn, The travelers world: Europe to the Pacific (Cambridge, Mass., 2006)

Debate
Marshall Sahlins Islands of history (Chicago, 1985)
Gananath Obeyeskere The apotheosis of Captain Cook: European mythmaking in the Pacific (Princeton, 1992)

Greg Dening Islands and beaches: Discourses on a silent land, Marquesas, 1774-1880 (Carlton, Vic., 1980)
Paul Carter

The road to Botany Bay (Chicago, 1987)

Anne Salmond,

Two worlds: First meetings between Europeans and Maori, 1642-1772 (Auckland, 1991)

Alan Frost and Jane Samson eds. Pacific empires: essays in honour of Glyndwr Williams (Vancouver, 1999)
Nicholas Thomas Entangled objects: exchange, material culture and colonialism in the Pacific (Cambridge, 1991)
P.J. Marshall and Glyndwr Williams The Great Map of Mankind (London, 1989)
Rod Edmond Representing the South Pacific: Colonial Discourse from Cook to Gauguin (Cambridge, 1997)
Glyndwr Williams Pacific: Exploitation and Exploration in P. J. Marshall, ed. OXHBE, Vol.2.
Jane Samson

Imperial Benevolence: Making British Authority in the Pacific Islands (Honolulu, 1998)

Janet Browne

Charles Darwin Voyaging (New York, 2002)

Vanessa Smith

Literary Culture and the Pacific: Nineteenth-century textual encounters (Cambridge, 1998)

Sujit Sivasundaram Nature and the Godly Empire: Science and Evangelical Mission in the Pacific, 1795-1850
(Cambridge, 2005)
John Gascoigne Joseph Banks and the English Enlightenment : useful knowledge and polite culture (Cambridge, 1994).
Jonathan Lamb Preserving the Self in the South Seas, 1680-1840 (Chicago, 2001).

11 EARLY COLONIAL INDIA

a) Indian, rather than British initiative was the major force for change in India, before 1860?
b) The last stand of the old order: Discuss this view of the Indian Mutiny.
(11a)
S Bose & A Jalal
Modern South Asia, 7697; Bayly, Indian Society, chapter 6 (above topic 5)
DA Washbrook
OHBE, 3, chapter 18
Sukanta Chaudhuri (ed.) Calcutta the Living City, i, 30127
Singha & Prior
Articles in MAS 1 (1993)
ET Stokes
The Peasant and the Raj (1978), chapter 2; English Utilitarians and India (1959), esp. Part 1
D Kumar (ed.)
Cambridge Economic History of India, ii
KN Chaudhuri
Economic Development under the East India Company, Introduction
R Frykenberg (ed.)
Land Control and Social Structure in Indian History, chapters by Cohn, Stein, Raychaudhuri
SN Mukherjee
Citizen Historian (1996), essays on Rammohan Roy, women etc.
DA Washbrook
Law, State and agrarian society in colonial India, MAS (1981)
Modern Intellectual History , 4, 1, 2007 (ed. Kapila), essays by Bayly, Wilson, Dodson.
C.A.Bayly
Recovering liberties. Indian Thought in the age of liberalism and Empire (2011)
TR Metcalf
Ideologies of the Raj (NCHI, 1995)
M Dodson
Orientalism and National Culture (2007)
(11b) Stokes, Peasant and Raj, and Bayly, Indian Society (above)
Sir John Kaye
W. Dalrymple
TR Metcalf

History of the Sepoy War in India, vol. 1 (1867)

The last Mughal (2007)
Aftermath of Revolt: India 18571870 (1964); Land, Landlords and the British Raj (1979),
chapters 6 and 7; Ideologies of the Raj (NCHI, 1995)
EI Brodkin
Struggle for Succession, MAS (1972)
S Rizvi & M Bhargava (eds) Freedom Struggle in UP, vols 1 and 4 [documents]
K Marx & F Engels
The First Indian War of Independence
R Mukherjee
Awadh in revolt 185758
ET Stokes
The Peasant Armed (1986), esp. chapters 13
N Gupta & M Hasan (eds) Indias Colonial Encounter, chapter by R Ray
JG Farrell
The Siege of Krishnapur [fiction]
R Guha (ed.)
Subaltern Studies IV, article by G Bhadra, Four rebels of 1857
Sita Rama
From Sepoy to Subahdar [contemporary work: West Room in UL]
Tapti Roy
Article in MAS 1 (1993)
CA Bayly
Empire and Information (1996), ch. on Mutiny; Origins of Nationality in South Asia (1998),
ch 3
Kim Wagner
The great fear of 1857 (2010)
12 CHINA
How far were Chinese elites able to respond successfully to peasant rebellion and dynastic decline?
E Rawski
Henrietta Harrison
H van de Ven
P Kuhn
J Polachek

The Last Emperors (Oriental Studies)

The Man awakened from dreams (2005) (OS)
Recent studies of modern Chinese history, MAS 30, 2 (1996), esp. 22545
The origins of the modern Chinese state (2006)
The Inner Opium War (1992) [Oriental Studies]

Hao Yen-ping
J Waley-Cohen
P Kuhn
P Cohen
M Rankin
James Hevia
Pierre Etienne Will
M Greenberg
J Spence
JK Fairbank

The Commercial Revolution in Late Imperial China (1986)

China and Western Technology in the late Eighteenth Century, AHR 98:5 (1993), 152544
Rebellion and its Enemies in Late Imperial China (1970); Origins of the Taiping Vision,
CSSH 19, 3 (1977)
History in Three Keys: The Boxers as myth, history and event
Elite Activism and Political Transformation in China
English lessons
Bureaucracy and famine [OS; mainly c.18 but relevant for c.19]
British Trade and the Opening of China (1951)
Gods Chinese Son
Trade and Diplomacy on the China Coast 18421854 (2 vols, 1953); and EO Reischauer East
Asia: Tradition and Transition

For general reference, see

J Spence
R Bin Wong
K Pomeranz

In Search of Modern China (1991)

China Transformed (1997), esp. 1157
The Great Divergence

13 THE IMPERIALISM OF FREE TRADE

a) Why did Britain and France acquire new colonies c. 18151870 while they were both running down the old
colonial system? or
b) What differences were there between the aims and means of British, French and Dutch colonial expansion from
1815c.1870?
Concepts
J Gallagher & R Robinson Imperialism of Free Trade, EcHR 6, 1 (1953)
R Moore
Imperialism and free trade in India, EcHR (1964)
DCM Platt
Critiques of Imperialism of Free Trade, EcHR 21 (1968) and 26 (1973)
AG Hopkins
Informal Empire in Argentine: an alternative view, JLAS 26 (1994), 46984
WR Louis (ed.)
Imperialism: the Robinson and Gallagher Controversy [collection of articles, etc.]
B Semmel
The Rise of Free Trade Imperialism, esp. chapters 1 and 9
DK Fieldhouse
Economics and Empire 18301914, Parts1 and 2
General
DS Landes
T Kemp
R Hyam
PJ Cain & AG Hopkins
AN Porter

The Unbound Prometheus (1969), esp. chapter 3

Industrialization in 19th Century Europe, chapters 1 and 3
Britains Imperial Century (2nd edn, 1993), chapters 1 and 2
Gentlemanly Capitalism and British Expansion, EcHR 39, 4 (1986) and 40, 1 (1987)
Gentlemanly Capitalism and Empire: The British Experience Since 1750, JICH 18, 3
(1990)
PJ Cain
Economic Foundations of British Overseas Expansion 18151914
R Owen & B Sutcliffe (eds) Studies in Theory of Imperialism (1972), chapters by Platt and Kanya-Forstner
G Ingham
British capitalism, empire, etc., Social History 20 (1995), 33948
R Ray
Asian Capital in the Age of European Expansion, MAS (1995)

Cases
D McLean
Finance and Informal Empire before the First World War, EcHR 29 (1976)
R Aldrich
Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion (1996)
J Ruedy
Modern Algeria (1992), chapters 3 and 4
R Aldrich
French Presence in South Pacific 18421900 (1990)
CM Andrew & Kanya-Forstner Centre & Periphery in making 2nd Fr Colonial Empire, 18151920, JICH 16, 3 (1988)
M Lynn
Imperialism of Free Trade and the case of W. Africa c.1830c.1870, JICH 15, 1 (1986)
R Law (ed.)
From the Slave Trade to Legitimate Commerce . . . in 19th-century West Africa (1995)
PD Curtin
The Image of Africa (1964), chapter 19
T Keegan
Colonial South Africa and the Origins of the Racial Order (1996), esp. chapters 35

JH Laffey
ET Stokes
HL Wesseling
D Denoon
DG Creighton
JM Ward

Municipal imperialism in 19th-century France, Historical Reflections 1 (1974), 81114

English Utilitarians and India (1959), 180, 21933 and 26869
The Giant that was a Dwarf, or the Strange History of Dutch Imperialism, JICH 16, 3 (1988)
Settler Capitalism (1983)
Dominion of the North (Canada)
Empire in the Antipodes: Australasia 184060

14 INDEPENDENCE AND DEPENDENCE IN LATIN AMERICA

a) The reconstruction of imperial administration made inevitable the Spanish Empires collapse. Is this an
adequate explanation of the end of Spanish dominion in Latin America?
b) Was independent Latin America submitted to a new kind of imperial subordination?
14a)
4. The Invention of Latin America
Appelbaum, Nancy. Race and Nation in Modern Latin America. Durham, NC : Duke University Press.
Chasteen, John Charles, Americanos: Latin Americas Struggle for Independence. New York: Oxford University Press,
2008.
Gootenberg, Paul, ed. Cocaine: Global histories. London: Routledge, 1999.
Holden and Eric Zolov. Latin America and the United States: A documentary history. New York: Oxford University
Press, 2nd edition, 2011.
Skidmore, Thomas and Peter H. Smith. Modern Latin America. New York: Oxford University Press. 7th edition, 2010.

T. Anna
P. Bakewell
G. Paquette
L. Bethell
A. Knight
J Lynch
J Tutino
B.R. Hamnett
A. McFarlane
A. McFarlane

Spain and the Loss of America

History of Latin America
Enlightenment, governance and reform in Spain and its empire, 1759-1808
Brazil: Empire and Republic, 1822-1930. Cambridge: CUP, 1999, 3-42.
Mexico: The Colonial Era. Cambridge: CUP, 2006.
The Spanish American Revolutions 18081826 (1973)
From Insurrection to Revolution in Mexico
Process and Pattern: A Re-Examination of the Ibero-American Independence Movements,
1808-1826 Journal of Latin American Studies 29:2 (1997): 279-328.
Rebellion in Late Colonial Spanish America: A Comparative Perspective Bulletin of Latin
American Research 14:3 (1995): 313-338.
Identity, Enlightenment and Political Dissent in Late Colonial Spanish America
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 6th Series. 8 (1998): 309-336.13b

(14b
R Miller
L Bethell (ed.)
DCM Platt
V. Bulmer-Thomas
F. Dawson

Britain and Latin America in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Cambridge History of Latin America, vols 4 and 5
Business Imperialism 18401930
The Economic History of Latin America since Independence
The First Latin American Debt Crisis

Brazil
R Graham
AG Frank
R Conrad
L Bethell

Britain and the Onset of Modernization in Brazil 18501914 (1968)

Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America, Part 3
The Destruction of Brazilian Slavery
The Abolition of the Brazilian Slave Trade

W Dean

Brazil and The Struggle for Rubber

Argentina
HS Ferns
D Rock
P Smith
J Scobie
C Diaz-Alejandro
P Winn

Britains Informal Empire in Argentina 18061914, Past & Present 4 (Nov 1953); Britain
and Argentina in the Nineteenth Century (1960)
Politics in Argentina 18901930 (1975); Argentina 15161982
Politics and Beef in Argentina
Revolution on the Pampas
Essays in the Economic History of the Argentine Republic
British and Uruguay, Past & Present 73 (1976)

15 THE NEW IMPERIALISM

What, if anything, was new about the New Imperialism of the period c. 18701914?
PJ Marshall (ed.)
Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire (1996), chapter 3
R Owen & B Sutcliffe (eds) Studies in the Theory of Imperialism (1972), esp. chapters 3, 5, 8 and 1113
A Brewer
Marxist Theories of Imperialism (1980)
N Etherington
Theories of Imperialism: War, Conquest and Capital (1984)
AN Porter
European Imperialism 18601914 (1994)
JA Schumpeter
Imperialism and Social Classes ([1919, 1927] 1951)
J Gallagher
The Decline, Revival and Fall of the British Empire (1982)
WR Louis (ed.)
Imperialism: the Robinson and Gallagher Controversy [collection of articles, etc.]
PJ Cain & AG Hopkins British Imperialism, vol. I (2nd edn, 2001)
DK Fieldhouse
Economics and Empire (1973), Parts 1 and 3
D Headrick
Tools of Empire (1981)
R Hyam
Britains Imperial Century (2nd edn, 1993), esp. chapters 3 and 4
E Stokes
Late 19th Century expansion: mistaken identity?, HJ 12, 2 (1969)
A Hodgart
The Economics of European Imperialism
LE Davis & RA Huttenback Mammon and the Pursuit of Empire. Economics of Imperialism 18691912, esp. chapters
1 and 10 (use abridged version if available). See review by Hopkins in JICH 16, 2 (1988)
PM Kennedy
The Rise of Anglo-German Antagonism
B Porter
The Lions Share (1975), chapters 35; or Britain, Europe and the World, chapters 23
JT Linblad
Economic Aspects of the Dutch Expansion in Indonesia, 18701914, MAS 23 (1989)
S Groenveld & M Wintle (eds) Government and the Economy in Britain and the Netherlands since the Middle Ages
(1992), chapter by Kuitenbrower on Dutch expansionism 18701914
S Forster, WJ Mommsen & RE Robinson Bismarck, Europe and Africa (1988), chapters 1, 8, 14 and 29
HL Wesseling
Divide and Rule: The Partition of Africa 18801914 (1996)

16 JAPAN: TRADITION & MODERNIZATION

Account for the success of the elites of Meiji Japan.
General
Cambridge History of Japan, IV, chapter IV
C Totman
A History of Japan (2000)
The autobiography of Fukuzawa Yukichi (new ed, OF)
EO Reischauer
Japan: Tradition and Transformation, chapters 35
WG Beasley
Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 18531868

The Meiji Restoration

R Chang
From Prejudice to Tolerance: A Study of Japanese Image of the West, 18261864
H Harootunian
Towards Restoration: Growth of Political Consciousness in Tokugawa Japan, chapters 34
C Totman
Collapse of the Tokugawa Bakufu
James Huffman,
Creating a public. People and press in Meiji Japan (2005)
Anne Walthall
The weak body of a useless woman. Matsuo Taseko and the Meiji restoration (OS)

S Fujita
G Daniels
EH Norman
B Moore

The Spirit of the Meiji Restoration, Japan Interpreter 6, 1 (1970)

The British Role in the Meiji Restoration, MAS 11, 4 (1968)
Japans Emergence as a Modern State
Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy, chapter 5

Economic
FV Moulder
W Lockwood

Japan, China and the Modern World Economy, chapters 3, 57

The Economic Development of Japan . . . 18681938, 334; (ed.) The State and Economic
Enterprise in Japan, chapters 19
T Nakamura
Economic Growth in Prewar Japan, Part 1
TC Smith
Native Sources of Japanese Industrialization, 18501920; Political Change and Industrial
Development in Japan: Government Enterprise, 18681880
BK Marshal
Capitalism and Nationalism in Prewar Japan, chapters 23
J Hirschmeier
Origins of Entrepreneurship in Meiji Japan
ED Westney
Imitation and Innovation: The Transfer of Western Organizational Patterns to Meiji Japan
W Wray
Mitsubishi and the N.Y.K. 18701914: Business Strategy in the Japanese Shipping Industry
GC Allen
A Short Economic History of Japan
J Nakamura
Agricultural Production and Economic Development of Japan
AM Craig
Choshu in the Meiji Restoration, 35074
K Yamamura
A Study of Samurai Income and Entrepreneurship
H Bull & A Watson (eds) Expansion of International Society, chapter by Suganami

17 OTTOMANS, EUROPE & THE MIDDLE EAST

a) Why after the 17th century did the Ottoman Empire fail to maintain its 16th-century challenge to Europe by land
and sea?
b) To what extent did Middle Eastern attempts at modernization fail in their purpose?
General
Suraiya Faroqhi

The Ottoman Empire and the world around it (2005)

Carter Findley

The Turks in world history (2004)

Karen Barkey

Empire of difference. The Ottomans in comparative perspective (2008)

Virginia Aksan

Ottoman wars 1700-1870.

(17 a)
PM Holt et al.
Cambridge History of Islam, I, Part 3, chapters 13
DE Pitcher
Historical Geography of the Ottoman Empire
B Lewis
Muslim Discovery of Europe
V. Aksan and D. Goffman (eds,) The Early Modern Ottomans. Remapping the empire (2007)
IM Kunt The Sultans Servants, 15501650 (1983)
C Kafadar
Between Two Worlds (1995)
H Inalcik & D Quataert (eds) Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire (1995)
AD Alderson
The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty
B McGowan
Economic Life in Ottoman Europe
P Sugar
Southeastern Europe under Ottoman Rule
N Todorov
The Balkan City
S Faruqi et al.
Articles on the Ottoman State, J of Peasant Studies (AprilJuly 1991)
SA Fischer-Galati
Ottoman Imperialism and German Protestantism
GE Rothenberg
Austrian Military Border in Croatia
B Braude & B Lewis (eds) Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire (1982), I, esp. chapter by Braude
I Lapidus
A History of Islamic Societies
CH Fleisher
Bureaucrat and Intellectual in the Ottoman Empire
(17 b) General
FC Robinson
A Hourani
MGS Hodgson

Atlas of Islamic World (1992), 118140

Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age; A History of the Arab Peoples
Venture of Islam, 3

R Owen
C Issawi
M Yapp

The Middle East in the World Economy 18001914

Economic History of the Middle East and North Africa
The Making of the Modern Near East 17971922 (1987)

Ottoman Empire and Turkey; Iran

WL Cleveland
A History of the Modern Middle East (2nd edn, 2000)
F Ahmad
The Young Turks
H Kayali
Arabs and Young
E Akarli
The Long Peace. Ottoman Lebanon 18611920 (1993)
Mark Mazower
Salonika City of ghosts (2005)
R Kasaba
The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy
AKS Lambton
Qajar Persia
AL Macfie
The End of the Ottoman Empire 19081923 (1998)
D Quataert
Social Disintegration and Popular Resistance in the Ottoman Empire
N Berkes
Development of Secularism in Turkey
R Chambers & W Polk (eds) Beginnings of Modernization in the Middle East, chapters by Hourani and Shaw
Selimn Deringil
Legitimacy structures in the Ottoman Empire: Abdul Hamid II, International Journal of
Middle East Studies, 23, 3, 1991.
S Pamuk
The Ottoman Empire and European Capitalism 18201913
M Kent (ed.)
The Great Powers and the End of the Ottoman Empire (1984)

18 EGYPT: MODERNISATION & OCCUPATION

Did the British occupy Egypt because Egypts rulers had failed to modernise?
AL al-Sayyid Marsot
PJ Vatikiotis
MW Daly (ed.)
K Fahmy
K Fahmy
R Owen
A Scholch
AG Hopkins
T Mitchell
JRI Cole
R. Owen

A Short History of Modern Egypt (1995)

Modern History of Egypt (2nd edn 1980)
Cambridge History of Egypt, Vol 2, chapters 3, 57,9, 11
All the Pashas Men (1997)
From Ottoman governor to ruler of Egypt (2009)
The Middle East in the World Economy 18001914 (1981)
Egypt for the Egyptians! (1981); Men on the Spot, Historical J 19, 3 (1976), 77385
The Victorians and Africa: Egypt, JAH 27 (1986), 363
Colonising Egypt (2nd edn, 1991)
Colonialism & Revolution in the Middle East: Origins of the Arabi Movement (1993)
Lord Cromer (2004), introduction, 1.

19 AFRICA: PARTITION & COLONIAL RULE

a) Why was there a Scramble for Africa and why did it occur when it did?
b) Why was there a second Anglo-Boer War? Who won it?
c)

How far and how effectively did early colonial governments try to transform Africa?

(19a) (See also topic 16 for Egypt)

J Gallagher & R Robinson The imperialism of free trade, Economic HR, 2nd series, 6 (1953), 115; Africa and the
Victorians (2nd edn)
J Gallagher
The Decline, Revival & Fall of the British Empire (1982) chapters 1 & 2 for a reprint of the
first of the above & a first draft of the second
WR Louis (ed.)
Imperialism: The Robinson & Gallagher Controversy (1976)
DK Fieldhouse
Economics & Empire 18301914 (1973)
GN Sanderson
The European Partition, JICH 3, 1 (1974)
& R Oliver (eds)
Cambridge History of Africa, 6 (1985), chapter 2 and 692722 (Lonsdale)
AN Porter (ed)
OHBE III (1999), chapters 2, 3, 11, 16, 2628
C Newbury & A Kanya-Forstner French Policy, JAH 10 (1969), 25376
AG Hopkins
Economic History of West Africa (1973), chapter 4
HL Wesseling
Divide & Rule: The Partition of Africa 18801914 (1996), Conclusion

(19b)
B Nasson
The South African War 18991902 (1999), 180, 23589
Ian R Smith
The Origins of the South African War 18991902 (1996)
AN Porter
South African war (18991902) reconsidered, JAH 31, 1 (1990) 4357
K Wilson (ed.)
The International Impact of the Boer War (2000)
R Oliver & G Sanderson (eds) Cambridge History of Africa Vol 6 (1985), chapters 78
J Benyon
Proconsul and Paramountcy in South Africa 18061910 (1980), 15, 26079, 295315, 332
42
H Giliomee
The Afrikaners (2003), chapters 79
G Blainey
Lost Causes of the Jameson Raid, Economic HR, 2nd series, 18 (1965), 35066
R Mendlesohn
Blainey and Jameson, Jl Southern African Studies 6 (1980)
J Van Helten
Empire & High Finance, JAH 23 (1982)
S Marks & S Trapido
Milner and South Africa, History Workshop Jl 8 (1979), 5080
P Harries
Capital, state & labour on the Witwatersrand, South African Hist Jl 18 (1986)

18 (b) How and why was the South African war more than simply a white mans war?

G. Cuthbertson, A. Grundlingh and M.L. Suttie (eds.) Writing a Wider War: Rethinking Gender, Race, and Identity in
the South African War, 1899-1902 (2002) Chapters by Bradford, Mbenga, Lambert and Genge.
D. Denoon, Participation in the Boer War: Peoples War, Peoples Non-War, or Non-Peoples War? in B.A. Ogot
(ed.) War and Society in Africa: Ten Studies (1972), pp. 109-22
J. Krikler, Agrarian Class Struggle and the South African War Social History 14 (1989) pp. 151-176
D. Lowry, The South African War Reappraised (2000)
R.F. Morton, Linchwe I and the Kgatla Campaign in the South African War, 1899-1902 Journal of African History 26
(1985), pp. 169-91
B. Nasson, Doing down their Masters: Africans, Boers and Treason in the Cape Colony during the South African War,
18991902 Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 12 (1983), pp. 29-53
B. Nasson, Abraham Esaus War: A Black South African War in the Cape, 1899-1902 (1991)
B. Nasson, The South African War 1899-1902 (1999)
W. Nasson, Africans at War in J. Gooch (ed.), The Boer War: Direction, Experience and Image (London, 2000), 126140
S.T. Plaatje, The Boer War Diary of Sol T. Plaatje eds. J.L. Comaroff and B. Willan with S. Molema and A. Reed
(1999)
P. Warwick, Black People and the South African War, 1899-1902 (1983)
Special issue of South African Historical Journal: South African War 1899-1902 Centennial Perspectives 41 (1999).
Articles by G. Cuthbertson and A. Jeeves; B. Mbenga, N. Parsons, A.H. Manson and E. van Heyningen.

W Dooling Reconstructing the household: The Northern Cape Colony before and after the South African war Journal
of African History 50 (2009), pp. 319-416
E Van Heyningen, The concentration camps of the South African (Anglo-Boer) war, 1900-1902 History Compass 7
(2009) pp. 22-43
J Hyslop, Martial law and military power in the creation of the South African state Journal of Historical Sociology 22
(2009), pp. 234-268
B Nasson Why they fought: Black Cape colonists and Imperial wars, 1899-1918 International Journal of African
Historical Studies 37 (2004) pp. 55-70 (delete the one of his in JICH, as it is the same as a
chapter in the book)
S Trapido and I Phimister, Imperialism, settler identities and colonial capitalism: The hundred year origins of the 1899
South African War Historia 53 (2008), pp. 45-75

(19c)
J Iliffe
Africans (1995), chapter 9
R Oliver & GN Sanderson (eds)
Cambridge History of Africa, vol. 6 (1985), chapter 12 by Lonsdale, 75066
AD Roberts (ed.)
Cambridge History of Africa, 7 (1986), chapters 1, 2, 7
P Duignan & LH Gann (eds) Colonialism in Africa, 4 (1975), chapters 36, 8
DA Low
Lion Rampant (1973), chapters 1 and 2
R Owen & B Sutcliffe (eds) Studies in the Theory of Imperialism (1972), chapters 5 and 13
AG Hopkins
An Economic History of West Africa (1973), chapters 5 and 6
GB Kay
The Political Economy of Colonialism in Ghana, Introduction
R Shenton
The Development of Capitalism in North Nigeria, chapters 15
B Berman & J Lonsdale Unhappy Valley (1992), chapters 24
J Iliffe
A Modern History of Tanganyika (1979), chapter 5
IF Nicolson
The Administration of Nigeria, chapters 17
S Miers & R Roberts (eds) The End of Slavery in Africa (1988), chapters 1 and 17
P Phoofolo
Rinderpest in late 19th century Africa, Past & Present 138 (1993)

20 NON-EUROPEAN ACTIONS & REACTIONS

a) The most formidable enemy of European expansion. Was this true of 19th Century Islam?
b) Did the early Indian nationalists represent anybody but themselves?
c)

How did changing images of the West contribute to nationalist reaction in Japan in the 1890s?

(20a)
Hourani, Lewis
(above, topic 14) Arabic Thought; Muslim Discovery
J Clancy-Smith
Rebel and Saint: Protest in Colonial Algeria and Tunisia 18001904 (1994)
J Ruedy
Modern Algeria (1992), chapter 3
RI Rotberg & A Mazrui (eds) Protest and Power in Black Africa, chapters by Person, Rubenson and Brown
C Harrison
France and Islam in West Africa 18601960 (1988)
P Hardy
Muslims of British India
B Metcalf
Islamic Revivalism in South Asia
C Bayly
Two colonial revolts: Java War and Indian Mutiny, in C Bayly & DHA Kolff (eds), Two
Colonial Empires
P Carey
Waiting for the Ratu Adil: the eve of the Java War, MAS 1 (1986)
D Dhanagare
Peasant Movements in India (1986), chapter 3
C Dobbin
Islamic Revivalism in a Changing Peasant Economy
R Ileto
Religion and anti-colonial movements in N Tarling (ed.), Cambridge History of Southeast
Asia, II
N Keddie
Iran and the Western World, chapter on The revolt of Islam 17001994
W Roff (ed.)
Islam and the Political Economy of Meaning, chapter on Islamic movements: one or many?
(20b)
J Gallagher, G Johnson & A Seal (eds) Locality, Province and Nation (1973), esp. chapters 1 and 5
A Seal
Emergence of Indian Nationalism (1968)
G Johnson
Provincial Politics and Indian Nationalism (1973)
Judith M Brown
Modern India: origins of an Asian democracy (1985)
S Sarkar
The Swadeshi Movement; Modern India 18851947
CA Bayly
The Local Roots of Indian Politics; Origins of Nationality in South Asia (1998)
C A Bayly
Recovering liberties. Indian thought in the age of liberalism and empire (2011)
DA Washbrook
Emergence of Provincial Politics: Madras 18701920
R Guha (ed.)
Subaltern Studies, 3, chapter by Sarkar
R Ray
Social Conflict and Political Unrest in Bengal 18751922
JR McLane
Indian Nationalism and the Early Congress
R Guha
Elementary Aspects of Peasant Insurgency
G Pandey
The Construction of Communalism in Colonial North India (1990)
P Chatterjee
Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World

Modern Intellectual History, 4, 1, 2007, essays by Sartori, Bose, Kapila.

(20c)
Cambridge History of Japan, 5, The Nineteenth Century
EO Reischauer
Japan: Tradition and Transformation, chapter 5
C Blacker
The Japanese Enlightenment
R Braisted (ed.)
Meiroku Zasshi: J of the Japanese Enlightenment
AM Craig
Fukuzawa Yukichi: Philosophical Foundations of Meiji Nationalism in R Ward (ed.),
Political Development in Modern Japan
J Pierson
Tokutomi Soho, 18631957: A Jist for Modern Japan, chapters 67
KB Pyle
The New Generation in Meiji Japan
C Gluck
Japans Modern Myths
DH Shively (ed.)
Tradition and Modernization in Japanese Culture, chapters 34
J Pittau
Political Thought in Early Meiji Japan, chapter 6, conclusion

(20d) How far did early colonial governments undermine African cultures, institutions and political hierarchies?
S Feierman

'Colonizers, scholars, and the creation of invisible histories', in V Bonnell and L Hunt, eds., Beyond the
cultural turn (1999)

Asante
J Allman &
I will not eat stone: a women's history of Asante (2000)
V Tashjian
T McCaskie
Asante identities: history and modernity in an African village, Chs. 1 to 4
I Wilks
Asante in the nineteenth century (1989), ch. 12
East Africa
S Feierman
Peasant intellectuals (1990), chs. 1 through 5
J Glassman
Feasts and riot: revelry, rebellion, and popular consciousness on the Swahili Coast, 1856-1888 (1995)
J Iliffe
A modern history of Tanganyika (1979), chs. 4 and 6
T Sunseri
Vilimani: labor migration and rural change in early colonial Tanzania (2002)
Abolition and emancipation
S Miers &
The end of slavery in Africa (1988), chs. 1 and 17
R Roberts
J-G Deutsch
Emancipation without abolition in German East Africa, 1884-1914 (2006)
R Law
From slave trade to 'legitimate' commerce (1995), intro & chs. 3, 4, 6, 8 & 10
Southern Africa
K Atkins
The moon is dead! Give us our money! The cultural origins of an African work ethic, Natal, South
Africa, 1843-1900 (1993)
J Peries
The dead will arise (1989)

21 RUSSIAN EXPANSION
Imperial Russias expansion mirrored its domestic society; it was driven by military insecurities rather than by
commercial ambitions.
G Hosking
D Lieven
D Geyer
RA Pierce
Robert D Crews
EE Bacon
R Pipes
T von Laue
E Allworth

Russia: People and Empire 15521917 (1997)

The Russian Empire and Soviet Union as Imperial Polities, Journal of Contemporary
History 30, 4 (1995); Empire: The Russian Empire and its Rivals (2000), Part 3
Russian Imperialism 18601914
Russian Central Asia 18671917
For Prophet and Tsar. Islam and Empire in Russian Central Asia (2006)
Central Asia under Russian Rule: cultural change
Russia under the Old Regime
Sergei Witte and the Industrialisation of Russia
The Modern Uzbeks (1990), chapters 13 and pp. 84155; (ed.) Central Asia, 120 Years of
Russian Rule (1989)

D Gillard
M Saray
BH Sumner
H Carrere DEncausse

Struggle for Asia 18281914: British and Russian Imperialism

Russian Conquest of Central Asia, Central Asian Survey (Sept. 1983)
Russia and the Balkans 187080
Islam and the Russian Empire: Reform and Revolution in Central Asia