MSG 327

Table of Contents

Page
Course Information

iii

Course Title

iii

Pre-requisite Course

iii

Duration

iii

Consultation Hours

iii

Evaluation

iii

Contact

iii

Relevant Links

iii

Syllabus

iv

Course Outcomes

iv

Main Reference Book

iv

Supplementary Reference Books

iv

Chapter 1: Environmental Modeling

1-1

1.1 Introduction

1-1

1.2 Model Calibration and Verification

1-2

1.3 Basic Measurement and Unit

1-4

1.4 Conservation of Mass and Mass Balance

1-7

1.5 Simple River Flow

1-13

Chapter 2: Lake Modeling

2-1

2.1 Water Quality Modeling

2-1

2.2 Reaction Kinetics

2-1

2.3 Zero-order Reaction

2-2

2.4 First-order Reaction

2-3

2.5 Water Quality in Lake

2-3

2.5.1 Stagnant Lake

2-4

2.5.2 Flowing Lake

2-6

2.5.3 Flowing Lake with Loading

2-8

2.5.4 Flowing Lake with Loading and Sedimentation

2-9

2.6 Simple Model at Steady State

2-10

Chapter 3: River Modeling

3-1

3.1 Segmentation and Model Resolution

3-1

3.2 Finite Segment Method

3-2

Chapter 4: Advection-dispersion Equation

4-1

4.1 Analytical Model

4-1

4.2 Estuary Number

4-15

Chapter 5: BOD-DO Model

5-1

5.1 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

5-1

5.2 Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

5-1

5.3 Streeter-Phelps Equation

5-4

5.3.1 BOD Decay Rate

5-4

5.3.2 BOD Loading

5-5

5.3.3 DO Saturation cs

5-7

5.3.4 Reaeration Rate

5-7

5.4 Interim National River Water Quality Standards

5-7

5.5 BOD-DO Dynamics

5-10

5.5.1 Closed Bottle

5-10

5.5.2 Opened Bottle

5-12

5.6 BOD-DO Model for River

5-18

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MSG 327 Mathematical Modelling

Course Information
COURSE TITLE
MSG 327/4

Mathematical Modelling

PRE-REQUISITE COURSE
MSG 228/4

Introduction to Modelling

DURATION
Lecture

3 hours per week

Tutorial

1 hour per week

CONSULTATION HOURS
Monday Thursday

2:00 PM 3:00 PM

EVALUATION
Coursework (Assignment + Test)

40 %

Final Examination

60 %

CONTACT
Dr. Teh Su Yean
Room 032, Ground Floor,
School of Mathematical Sciences,
Universiti Sains Malaysia,
11800 Penang, Malaysia.
04-653 4770
syteh@usm.my

RELEVANT LINK
http://elearning.usm.my/1516sem1/

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SYLLABUS
The objective of this course is to enable students to see how mathematical models are
developed from first principles and then to see the consequences through further mathematical
and numerical analysis. Models (which should be amenable to analysis) from a particular area
of applied mathematics are taken to illustrate the ideas. References will be provided by the
instructor of the course.

1.

Basic measurement and unit, mass balances, model calibration and verification.

2.

Simple models for lakes.

(a) Stagnant lake.
(b) Flowing lake.

3.

Diffusion-advection process in a river.

(c) Analytical solution.
(d) Numerical solution: Finite Segment Method (FSM).
(e) I1DISP, E1DISP, E2DISP, E2ALGAE.

4.

Eutrophication in lakes and rivers.

(a) Malaysian effluent standard and river classification.
(b) BOD-DO dynamics;
(c) Lake Harapan, USM.

NOTE:
(i)

Bring your calculator to class and tutorial.

(ii)

Revise C++.

iv

COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon completion of this course, students are able to:
1. Formulate and solve simple real life problems by ODE using analytical and numerical
methods.
2.

Implement codes to solve real life probles.

3.

Interpret and explain the results of mathematical models.

MAIN REFERENCE BOOK

Koh, H.L. (2004). Pemodelan Alam Sekitar dan Ekosistem. Penerbit USM, 383 p. ISBN:
983861291X

SUPPLEMENTARY REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Thomann, R.V. and Mueller, J.A. (1987). Principles of surface water quality modeling
and control, Harper & Row, New York, 644 p.
2. Chapra, S.C. (1997). Surface Water Quality Modeling, McGraw Hill, New York, 844
p.
3. Schnoor, J.L. (1996). Environmental Modeling: Fate and Transport of Pollutants in
Water, Air, and Soil, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., New York, 682 p.