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CONTENTS:-

SR. NO.

DESCRIPTION

DESIGN DATA

CALCULATIONS FOR MINIMUM SHELL THICKNESS

BOTTOM PLATE DESIGN

INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDER

VERIFICATION OF UNSTIFFENED SHELL FOR EXTERNAL

DESIGN OF ROOF

CALCULATION OF ROOF STIFFENER

TANK STABILITY AGAINST UPLIFT DUE TO INTERNAL PRE

STABILITY OF TANK AGAINST WIND LOADS


9.1

RESISTANCE TO SLIDING

10

SEISMIC CALCULATION

11

ANCHORAGE FOR UPLIFT LOAD CASES

12

ANCHOR CHAIR CALCULATION

13

WEIGHT SUMMARY

14

FOUNDATION LOADING DATA

15

EVALUATION OF EXTERNAL LOADS ON TANK SHELL OPE


AS PER P.3 OF API 650, ADD. 4, 2005

16

VRV AND VENTING CALCULATIONS

17

DESIGN OF LIFTING TRUNNION

1)

DESIGN DATA

Design Code

API STANDARD 650

TENTH EDITION, NOVEMBER 199


ADDENDUM 4, DECEMBER 2005
APPENDICES: J, M & S
"Process Equipment Design"

Flat Roof Design

By Lloyd E. Brownell & Edwin H.


Item No.

TK-66202

Description

EJECTORS HOT WALL

Material
Density of Contents

:
Dc

Specific Gravity of Contents

SA 240 TYPE 316


=

980

kg/m3

0.980

Material's Yield Strength @ Design Temperature

Fym

166.67

Design Temperature

TDSN

130

Operating Temperature

TOPR

80

Design Internal Pressure

Pi

ATM

kPa

High Liquid Level

Hl

1.600

Design Liquid Level

HL1

1.900

Allowable Design Stress @ Design Temperature

Sd

148.33

MPa

Allowable Hydrostatic Stress @ Ambient Temperature

St

186.00

MPa

Bottom

mm

Shell

mm

Roof

mm

Structure

mm
degree

MPa
C
C

Corrosion Allowance

Slope of Tank Roof

Inside Diameter of Tank

Di

1.800

Outside Diameter of Tank

Do

1.812

Nominal Tank Diameter = Di + Bottom Shell Thickness

1.806

Height of Tank

1.900

Wc

0.348

kN

Weight of Top Curb Angle


Weight of Roof Attachments

(Assumed)

Wra

10

kN

Weight of Shell Attachments

(Assumed)

Wsa

14

kN

Design Wind Velocity

155

kph

Modulus of Elasticity @ Design Temperature

Live Load on Roof

Lr

185000 MPa
1.20

kPa

2)

CALCULATIONS FOR MINIMUM SHELL THICKNESS

As per chapter 3, clause 3.6.1.1, the shell thickness for tanks with nominal tank diameter less than 15 m s

not be less than 5 mm. The required minimum thickness of shell plates shall be the greater of the values c
by the following formulas (As per Appendix S, clause S.3.2)
Design Shell Thickness

td

4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)G + CA


(Sd) (E)

Hydrostatic Test Thickness

tt

4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)


(St) (E)

td = Design shell thickness, mm


tt = Hydrostatic test shell thickness, mm
G = Specific Gravity of Fluid to be Stored

0.980

D = Nominal Dia. of Tank


HL1 = Design Liquid Level

1.806

1.900

CA = Corrosion Allowance
Sd = Allowable Stress for Design Condition

mm

148.33

MPa

St = Allowable Stress for Hydrostatic condition

186.00

MPa

E = Weld Joint Efficiency

0.85

(Table S-4)

Shell Course
Width of course

(Including Curb Angle)

Design Height for Shell Course


Design Shell Thickness
Hydrostatic Test Thickness

Shell Thickness Provided


az
Shell Course

Shell Width, m

1.90

Shell Thickness, mm (Uncorroded)

6.00

Shell Thickness, mm (Corroded)

6.00

Shell Weight, kN (Uncorroded)

5.08

Shell Weight, kN (Corroded)

5.08

Total Shell Weight (Uncorroded)


Total Shell Weight (including partition plates) (Corroded)

Top Curb Angle

(Formed Section)
Cross-sectional Area of the Top Curb Angle

65

Weight of Top Curb Angle (Uncorroded)


Weight of Top Curb Angle (Corroded)
3)

BOTTOM PLATE DESIGN


As per API 650, Appendix S, Clause S.3.1

All bottom plates shall have minimum nominal thickness of 5 mm, exclusive of any corrosion allow

Required Bottom Plate Thickness


Used Bottom Plate Thickness
*Weight of Bottom Plate (Uncorroded)

*Weight of Bottom Plate (Corroded)

*Including 50mm Projection Outside of Bottom Shell Course


As per API 650, Appendix J, Clause J.3.2
All bottom plates shall have a minimum nominal thickness of 6 mm.
Required Bottom Plate Thickness
Used Bottom Plate Thickness
Weight of Bottom Plate (Uncorroded)

Weight of Bottom Plate (Corroded)

4)

INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS


Maximum Unstiffened Height
As per API 650, Chapter 3, Clause 3.9.7
The maximum height of the unstiffened shell shall be calculated as follows:
H1 = 9.47 t (t /D)3/2 (190/V)2
As Ordered Thickness of Top Shell Course
Nominal Tank Diameter
Design Wind Speed
Maximum Height of the Unstiffened Shell
Modification Factor as per S.3.6.7

Modulus Of Elasticity at Design Temp.


Modulus Of Elasticity at 40oC

*Maximum Height of the Unstiffened Shell (Modified As Per S.3.6.7)

Transformed Shell Height


As per API 650, Chapter 3, Clause 3.9.7.2
Transposed width of each shell course
Wtr = W x (tuniform/tactual)5/2
W = Actual Width of Each Shell Course, mm
tuniform = As Ordered Thickness of top Shell Course, mm

tactual = As Ordered Thickness of Shell Course for Which Transposed Width is Being Calculated (m
Shell Course
Thickness of Shell Course
Wtr1 = W1 x (ttop/t1)5/2

Transformed Height of Tank Shell

[As Htr < H1, Intermediate Wind Girders are not required]

5)

VERIFICATION OF UNSTIFFENED SHELL FOR EXTERNAL PRESSURE

Need not to be evaluated as the design external pressure is zero. As per Chapter 3, Clause 3.2.1
pressure shall not be less than 0.25 kPa. The tanks designed as per API 650 can sustain this min

6)

DESIGN OF ROOF
Roof Plate Thickness Verification for Structurally Stiffened Flat Roof
Methodology:
Consider a strip of roof plate 1 in. wide located at the outer periphery of the
flat roof, and disregard the support offered by the shell. This strip is considered to be essentially
a straight, flat, continuous, uniformly loaded beam, the controlling bending moment is equal to
wl2 / 12 and occurs over the supporting stiffeners and wl 2 / 24 occurs at the midspan.
Mmax = -wl2 / 12 = -p(1)l2 / 12 = -pl2 / 12

Over supporting rafters

Mmax = -wl2 / 24 = -p(1)l2 / 24 = -pl2 / 24

At midspan

where l = length of beam (strip) between stiffeners, inches, p = unit load, psi.
Introducing the stress resulting from flexure,
f=M/z
For a rectangular beam,
z = bt2 / 6
where b = width of beam, inches, and, t = thickness of beam, inches.
For this case, b = 1.0 in.
Hence, z = t2 / 6
f = pl2 / 2t2
l = t * SQRT ( ( 2 * f ) / p )
t = l / SQRT ( ( 2 * f ) / p )
Ref. "Process Equipment Design" By Lloyd E. Brownell & Edwin H. Young
Chapter 4, Section 4.3 (Roof Design)
Allowable Stresses for Roof Plate Material
Assumed Roof Plate Thickness

mm

Allowable Design Stress @ Design Temperature

148.33

MPa

Loadings & Critical Combinations


Dead Load

DL

kPa

psi

4.40

0.64

Live Load

Lr

1.20

0.17

External Pressure

Pe

0.00

0.00

Internal Pressure

Pi

0.00

0.00

Load Combination 1

p = DL + Lr + Pe

5.60

0.81

Load Combination 2

p = D L + Pi

4.40

0.64

MID

ENDS

Check Adequacy Against Load Combination 1 ( DL + Lr + Pe )

Length of beam (strip) between stiffeners

25.67

25.67

Load Combination 1

0.812

0.812

Induced Bending Moment

22

45

Thickness of the beam (strip)

0.236

0.236

Section Modulus

0.009

0.009

Allowable Bending Stresses

Fb

21513

21513

Allowable Bending Moment

Mallow

200

200

M < Mallow

[Satisfactory]

Check Adequacy Against Load Combination 2 ( DL + Pi )


MID

ENDS

Length of beam (strip) between stiffeners

25.67

25.67

Load Combination 2

0.638

0.638

Induced Bending Moment

18

35

Thickness of the beam (strip)

0.236

0.236

Section Modulus

0.009

0.009

Allowable Bending Stresses

Fb

21513

21513

Allowable Bending Moment

Mallow

200

200

M < Mallow

[Satisfactory]

Stresses in Roof Plate Segment Between the Stiffeners


Ref. Table 11.4, Formulas for Flat Plates With Straight Boundaries and Constant Thickness
Case no. 8. Rectangular plate, all edges fixed (Uniform loading over entire plate)
Smax = ( 2 q b2 ) / t2
a/b
1

1.2

1.4

(At center)
1.6

1.8

2.000

0.468

0.4872

0.4974

0.500

0.1386 0.1794 0.2094 0.2286 0.2406

0.2472

0.250

0.0138 0.0188 0.0226 0.0251 0.0267

0.0277

0.028

0.3078 0.3834 0.4356

1.800 m

a = Longer Dim

0.652 m

b = Shorter Dim

a/b
2

2.76

0.25

( See Table Abo

Check Plate Stresses Against Load Combination 1 ( D L + Lr + Pe )


(p = q = DL + Lr + Pe)

Total Design Load

In Shorter Direction

Smax =

17 MPa

<

5.60

148.33 MPa

In Longer Direction

Smax =

126 MPa

<

148.33 MPa

Check Adequacy Against Load Combination 2 ( DL + Pi )


(p = q = DL + Lr + Pe)

Total Design Load

4.40

In Shorter Direction

Smax =

13 MPa

<

148.33 MPa

In Longer Direction

Smax =

99 MPa

<

148.33 MPa

7)

CALCULATION FOR ROOF STIFFENER

Flange
55 mm

Breadth

6 mm

Thk.
Web

94 mm

Depth

6 mm

Thk.

Roof Plate

Reference for C

Built up Tee Section

Table for Centroid Calculation


Plate

AY

564

47

26508

564

97.0

54708

1128

Centroid

81216

72 mm

Table for Moment of Inertia Calculation


b

Ic

Yc

A x Yc2

I = Ic + A x Yc2

mm

mm

mm4

mm2

mm

mm4

mm4

94

415292

564

25.00

352500

767792

55

990

330

25.00

206250

207240

Moment of Inertia of Built Up Tee Section

975032 mm4

Section Modulus

Zprov'd

34823 mm3

Span of Stiffener

1.80 m

Self Weight of Stiffener

0.16 kN

Weight of Roof Plate Within Stiffined Section


Weight of Roof Attachments

=
=

0.55 kN
10.00 kN

Live Load on Roof


Total Design Load Per Unit Length

1.41 kN

6.73 kN/m

Mmax

2.7 kN-m

Zreq'd

Considering simply supported end conditions for the stiffener,

27270 mm3

[As Zreq'd < Zprov'd, The stiffener design is adequate]


8)

TANK STABILITY AGAINST UPLIFT DUE TO INTERNAL PRESSURE


Need not to be evaluated as the design internal pressure is zero in our case.

9)

STABILITY OF TANK AGAINST WIND LOAD

(ASCE 7-05)

Wind velocity

155

kph

Roof Height Above Shell

HR

0.04

Shell Height

1.90

Height of Tank Including Roof Height

HT

1.94

Effective Wind Gust Factor

0.85

Force Co- Efficient

Cf

0.80

Wind Directionally Factor

Kd

1.3

Velocity Pressure Exposure Co-Eff.

Kz

0.85

Topo Graphic Factor

Kzt

Importance Factor

1.15

Design Wind Pressure

qz

0.613 x Kz x Kzt x Kd x V2 x I/1000


1.440 kN/m2

Effective Tank Diameter (De)


Insulation Thickness

40

(OD + 2 x insulation Thk.) x Kd

2.460

(OD + 2 x insulation Thk.) + 0.6

2.492

De

2.492

Effective Area Projected

Ae

4.83

m2

Design Wind Load

P1

Greater of

mm

Effective Projected Area (Ae = De x H)

=
Unanchored tanks shall satisfy both of the following conditions:
Case 1:

0.6 Mw + MPi < MDL / 1.5

Case 2:

Mw + 0.4MPi < ( MDL + MF ) / 2


Mw

P1 x H / 2

MPi

Pi x A X D / 2

MDL

(Weight of shell + roof + bottom) x D / 2

qz x G x Cf x Ae
4.73

kN

Mw

4.6 kN-m

MPi

0 kN-m

MDL

6.9 kN-m

MF

3387

ft-lbs

For no fluid in the tank

pressure
0H/2 for Uniform
on Shell

Case 1:

<

[Satisfactory]

Case 2:

<

[Unsatisfactory]

[Anchorage against wind pressure is required]

9.1)

Resistance To Sliding:

API 650 3.11.4

The wind load pressure on projected area

0.86 kN/m2

18.0

This pressure is for wind velocity of 120 mph (190 kph), for all other wind velocities the pressure shall be adjusted i

Tank OD

Do

1.812

Design Wind Velocity

155

0.666

Wind Pressure on vertical plane surfaces

0.86

Wind Pressure on vertical conical surfaces

1.44

Projected area of roof

0.036

Projected area of shell

4.73

Vf

Velocity Factor

Fwind

=
=

Ffriction

=
=

(V/190)2

Vf (Wind Pressure on Roof x Projected Area of Roof + Wind Pressure on Shell x Projecte
2.74 kN
Maximum of 40% of Weight of Tank
12.27 kN

[Anchorage against sliding is not required]

10)

Stability Calculations Against Seismic Load (As per API 650 Addendum Four 2005 )
D

1.806

Nominal dia of T

1.900

Maximum desig

D/H

0.95

H/D

1.05

Site Class

Corroded thickness of bottom plate

tb

6.00

mm

Corroded thickness of 1st shell course

ts

6.00

mm

Over turning ring wall moment


Mrw
For Site class 'E'

sqrt{[Ai(WiXi+WsXs+WrXr)]2 + [Ac(WcXc)]2}

As per API 650 E.4.9.1


2.5 x Q x Fa x So ( I / Rwi )

Ai

Acceleration-based site coefficient

Fa

2.5

Scaling Factor

Q
Ss

0.1

S1

0.04

So

0.4 X Ss

0.04

Rwi

1.25

Ai

0.08

As per Equation E-6, For seismic design categories E & F,


0.5S1(I/Rwi)
Ai

0.006

Condition staisfied
Wi

Effective impulse weight of the liquid

Wi

(1-0.218D/H)Wp

Wp

Weight of content based on design specific gravit

When D/H <1.33

Wi
When D/H < 1.33

46.48

KN

46482

36.85

KN

36850

As per E-6.1.2.1
Xi

Height from the bottom of the shell to the center of action of the later

related to impulsive liquid force


Xi
Ws

(0.5-0.094D/H)H

0.78

=
=

Xs

=
=

Wr

=
=

Xr

=
=

As per Equation E
m

Total Weight of Shell and appurtenances (Uncorroded)


30

KN

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to center of gravity


1.28

Total Weight of fixed tank roof including framing (Uncorroded)


0.00

KN

Height from the top of the shell to the roof and roof appurtenances ce
0.00

Tc

Natural peroid of the convective (sloshing ) mode of behaviour of the

Tc

1.8 x Ks x sqrt (D)

Ks

Sloshing peroid cofficient

Ks

=
=

0.578
sqrt (tanh (3.68H/D))
0.58

As per Equation E

As per Equation E

Therefore
Tc
TL
When TC < TL

1.40

As per E.4.9.1
2.5 x Q x Fa x So x (Ts /Tc) x (I/Rwc) Ai

Ac

Ts
S1

(FvS1) / (FaSs)

0.04

Fv
Rwc

3.5

Ts

0.56

Ac

0.06

Where

Wc

Xc

Effective Convective (sloshing)portion of the liquid Weight

0.23 x (D/H) Tanh (3.67 H/D) x Wp

10.15

KN

10153

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the center of action of lat
to convective liquid force

[1-{Cosh((3.67 x H/D)-1)/((3.67 x H/D) Sinh((3.67 x H/D))}] x H

1.70

Therefore Ring Wall Moment


Mrw
=

5.40

KN-m

5404

N-m

Resisting force to be adequate for tank stability J<1.54


Anchorage Ratio J

Mrw
D (wt(1-0.4Av)+wa)
2

Where

Av
SDS
Av
wa

0.14 x SDS

2.5 x Q x Fa x So

0.3

0.035

99 x ta x (Fy x H x Ge)^0.5 1.28 x H x D x Ge

Where
Ge

Effective specific gravity including vertical seism

G x (1-0.4 x Av)

0.97

ta

Corroded thickness of the bott. plate under the shell extending at the

ta

6.00

mm

wa

10391

N/m

wa

4.2

N/m

wa
wt

wrs

0.004
KN/m
[(Ws/D)+wrs)]
Roof load acting on the tank shell (Uncorroded)

0.000

5.37

KN/m

Therefore

5373

N/m

Anchorage Ratio J

0.312

wt

KN/m
N/m

<

1.54

Condition staisfied Tank is self anchored

As Anchors Are Being Provided, The Tank Will Be Considered As Mec

10.1)

Shell Compression In Mechanically Anchored Tanks

=
10.2)

As per API 650 E

1.26

Mpa

Allowable Longitudinal Membrane Compression Stress in Tank Shell


Calculating value of

As per API 650 E

G x H x D2
t2
=

0.17

When GHD2 / t2 is less than 44, then


Fc
=
{(83x ts)/(2.5 x D)} + 7.5 x sqrt(G x H)
Where
GXH
0.5 X Fty

1.862

83.335

Fc

121

Therefore,
Mpa

As c < Fc Condition staisfied

10.3)

Seismic Base Shear

(As Per E.6.1)

V
Vi

Total Design Base Shear (N)

Design Base Shear Due to Impulsive Component (N)

Vc

Design Base Shear Due to Convective Component (N)

Vi

Ai(Ws+Wr+Wf+Wi)

Vi

5260.44 N

Vc

Ac W c

Vc

635.113 N

Sqrt(Vi2 + Vc2)

<

0.5

5298.65 N

5.29865 kN

11)

ANCHORAGE FOR UPLIFT LOAD CASES, PER API 650 TABLE 3-21B
P
Pt

Test Pressure

ATM

kPa

0.00

in. of water

0.00

kPa

0.00

in. of water

Dead Load of Shell Minus Any CA and Any Dead Load Other Than Roof
W1

Weight of shell (Corroded)

5424.58 N
1219.5 lbs

Dead Load of Shell Minus Any CA and Any Dead Load Including Roof Plate
Acting on the Shell Minus Any CA
W2

Weight of shell (Corroded) + Weight of Roof (corroded)

6807.7 N
1530.43 lbs

Dead Load of the Shell Using As Built Thicknesses and Any Dead Load Other Than
Roof Plate Acting on the Shell Using As Built Thickness
W3

Weight of Shell

5424.6 N
1219.5 lbs

=
Yield stress for Anchor Bolts

Table 3 - 21

Fy

th

D
MS

=
=

36000 psi
6 mm
1.806 m
5.404 kN-m

SA 307 Gr. B
=
=
=

0.2362205 in.
5.92 ft
3985 ft-lbs

NET UPLIFT FORMULA, U


(lbf)

UPLIFT LOAD CASES

Design Pressure

((P - 8th) x D2 x 4.08) - W1

-1490.05

Test Pressure

((Pt - 8th) x D x 4.08) - W1

-1490.05

Wind Load

(4 x Mw / D) - W2

756.36

Seismic Load

(4x Ms/D) -W2

1160.79

Design Pressure +Seismic

((P-8th) x D x 4.08) + (4 x Ms/D)-W1

1201.17

Design Pressure + Wind

((P-8th) x D x 4.08) + (4 x Mw/D)-W1

796.74

UPLIFT LOAD CASES

tb = U / N

Ar = tb/Fall

lbs

in.2

mm2

Design Pressure

-373

-0.025

-15.94

Test Pressure

-373

-0.025

-15.94

Wind Load

189

0.013

8.09

Seismic Load

290

0.019

12.42

Design Pressure + Seismic

300

0.020

12.85

Design Pressure + Wind

199

0.013

8.52

As per API 650, Chapter 3, Clause 3.1.1.3


Design Tension Load Per Anchor

4MW/dN - W/N

Bolt Circle Diameter (BCD)


No. of Anchor Bolts
Weight of shell plus roof supported by the shell less 0.4 times the force due to internal pressure
Design Tension Load Per Anchor

Required Bolt Area


Provided Bolt Area

Consider M30 Bolt

Areq.

Aprov.

=
=

[Area of the anchor bolt provided is sufficient]


12)

ANCHOR CHAIR CALCULATIONS


P
e

As Per AISI E-l, Volume ll, Part Vll

Jmin

Top Plate Thickness

Top Plate Thickness Calculations:


C = [P(0.375g-0.22d)/Sf]0.5

Top Plate Thickness

S
f

=
=

Stress At Point
Distance From Outside of
Top Plate to Edge Of Hole

Distance between Gusset Plates

Anchor Bolt Diameter (corroded)

Design Load or Max. Allowable


=

Anchor Bolt Load or 1.5 Times


Actual Bolt Load, whichever is
lesser

Top Plate Thickness Calculated

Used Top Plate Thickness


[Top Plate Thickness Is Adequate]

Anchor Chair Height Calculations:


Sind.

Reduction Factor

Top Plate Width

Anchor Chair Height

Nominal Shell Radius

Shell Thickness

Bottom Plate Thickness

Anchor Bolt Eccentricity

Sall.

Allowable Stress

0.98493

Sind.

0.409

(Pe/t2)[{1.32*Z/(1.43*a*h2/Rt)+(4ah2)0.333}+{0.031/(Rt)0.

(including repad)

ksi

[Anchor Chair Height Is Adequate]


Jmin

Gusset Plate Thickness Calculations:


Gusset Plate Thickness

Gusset Plate Thickness Provided

[Gusset Plate Thickness Is Adequate]

13)

0.04 ( h - C )

WEIGHT SUMMARY
Empty

Weight of Working Fluid

3282 kg
3990 kg

Operating Weight

Weight of Test Fluid

=
=

Test Weight (Full of water)

7272 kg
4835 kg
8117 kg

(Considering HLL = 1600mm)

14)

FOUNDATION LOADING DATA

The self weight of roof and live load will be transferred to tank shell
Live load transferred to foundation
Live Load on roof

Lr

Area of Roof

Ar

Total Live Load

WL = Lr x Ar

Circumference of Tank

C=xD

Live Load transferred to Foundation

LL = WL / C

Dead load transferred to foundation


Self Weight of Roof + Stiffeners

Wr

Self Weight of Bottom Plate

Wb

Self Weight of Shell

Ws

Self Weight of shell Attachments

Wa

Total Dead Load acting on shell

Wr + Ws + W a

Dead Load Transferred to Foundation

W d = DL

Operating & Hydrostatic Test Loads


Self Weight of Tank

Wr + Ws + Wa + Wb = 32.18

Weight of Fluid in Tank at Operating Conditions

Wf = 39.13

Weight of Water in Tank at Hydrotest Conditions

Ww = 47.41

Uniform Load Operating Condition = (Self wt.+ Fluid)/Area

Wo = 28.02

Uniform Load Hydrotest Condition = (Self wt.+ Water)/Area

Wh = 31.07

Wind Load Transferred to Foundation


Base Shear due to wind load

Fw

Reaction due to wind load

Rw

Moment due to wind load

Mw

Seismic Load Transferred to Foundation


Reaction due to seismic load

Rs

Moment due to seismic load

Ms

Base Shear due to seismic load

FS

Summary of Foundation Loading Data


Dead load, shell, roof & ext. structure loads

DL =

5.42

Live load

LL =

0.55

Uniform load, operating condition

Wo =

28.02

Uniform load, hydrotest load

Wh=

31.07

Base shear due to seismic

FS=

5.30

Reaction due to seismic load

Rs =

0.52

Moment due to seismic load

Ms =

5.40

Base shear due to wind

Fw =

4.73

Reaction due to wind

Rw =

0.45

Moment due to wind load

Mw=

4.59

Note :

Consider 15-20% variation in weight while designing the foundation

KNESS

R EXTERNAL PRESSURE

NTERNAL PRESSURE

K SHELL OPENINGS

(PENDING)

(PENDING)

OVEMBER 1998

EMBER 2005

t Design"

ell & Edwin H. Young

(As Per Table S-5)

0
(HLL)
(As Per PIPVESTA002)
(Table S-2)
(Table S-2)

(Flat Roof)

N
(Nozzles, Insulation, Railing/Platform)
(Nozzles, Insulation, Ladder & Partition Plates)

(Table S-6)
(PIP VESTA002, 3.2.D)

ss than 15 m shall

of the values computed

Table S-4)

W1

1.900 m

HL1

1.900 m

td

0.110 mm

tt

0.090 mm

t1

6.00

mm

5.08

kN

5.08

kN

x
=

6
780

Thk.
mm2

0.35

kN

0.35

kN

65

corrosion allowance.

tb

tb

mm

tb used

6.00

mm

137.82

kg

1.35

kN

137.82

kg

1.35

kN

tb

mm

tb used

6.00

mm

137.82

kg

1.35

kN

137.82

kg

1.35

kN

5+ CA mm

6.00

1.806 m

H1

517.01 m

0.95855

495.58 m

gn Temp.

H1

155

mm
kph

6.00 mm

=
Calculated (mm)

t1

6.00

Wtr1

1900 mm

Htr

1900 mm

mm

3, Clause 3.2.1.i, design external


ustain this minimum pressure.

1.90

be essentially
is equal to

ting rafters

a = Di
l=b

0.23622 in.

21513 psi

lb/in.
0.64

[ Table S - 5 ]

0.17
0.00
0.00
0.81
0.64

UNIT
in.
lb/in.
lb-in.
in.
in.3
psi
lb-in.

(Fb = Sd)

UNIT
in.
lb/in.
lb-in.
in.
in.3
psi
lb-in.

hickness

= Longer Dimension
= Shorter Dimension

See Table Above )

kPa

[Satisfactory]

(Fb = Sd)

[Satisfactory]

kPa

[Satisfactory]
[Satisfactory]

oof Plate

eference for Centroid Calculation

(Approx.)
(Nozzles, Insulation, Railing/Platform)

W x a2 / 8
Mmax / (0.6 x Fym)

43

m/s

Considering 40 mm Thk. Insulation @ Roof

ASCE 7-05,6.5.8.1
By Interpolation (ASCE 7-05, Fig. 6-21)
600-58H-0010
ASCE 7-05, Chapter 6, Table 6-3

600-58H-0010

V2 x I/1000
ASCE 7-2005, Chapter 6, Eq. 6-15, Clause 6.5.10
600-58H-0010

600-58H-0010

600-58H-0010

ASCE 7-05, Chapter 6, Eq. 6-28, Clause 6.5.15

PENTAGON PENTAGON

psf

(API 650, Chapter 3, Clause 3.2.1 (f))

all be adjusted in proportion of ratio (V/190) 2

m
kph
kN/m2

(API 650, Chapter 3, Clause 3.2.1 (f))

kN/m2

(API 650, Chapter 3, Clause 3.2.1 (f))

m2
m2

Shell x Projected Area of Shell)


(API 650, Chapter 3, Clause 3.2.1 (f))

(API 650, Chapter 3, Clause 3.11.4)

ominal dia of Tank

Maximum design product level

[Ac(WcXc)]2}

As per API 650 E.6.1.5


As per Equation E-4
From Table E-1
As per API 650 E.4.9.1

As per E.4.2.c
From Table E-4
600-58H-0010
As per Equation E-4
As per Equation E-6

As per Equation E-14

n specific gravity of the product

ction of the lateral Siesmic force

s per Equation E-17

ncorroded)

appurtenances center of gravity

behaviour of the liquid, seconds

s per Equation E-2a

s per Equation E-3

As per E 4.8.2

As per E.4.8.2
As per E.4.9.1

Rwc) Ai

As per Equation E-7


As per API 650 E-2
From Table E-2
From Table E-4

As per Equation E-15

r of action of lateral siemic force related

x H/D))}] x H

As per Equation E-18

3985

ft-lbs

As per API 650 E.6.2.1.1.1


As per API 650 E.6.1.3
From Equation E-4

D x Ge

As per API 650 E.6.2.1.1

g vertical seismic effects


As per API 650 E-2

extending at the distance L from the inside of the shell

4.2

N/m

As per API 650 E.6.2.1.1


(Uncorroded)

1.54

dered As Mechanically Anchored

s per API 650 E.6.2.2.2

s per API 650 E.6.2.2.3

G x H)

<

0.5 x Fty

rroded)

(From Seismic Calculation)

*Fy For Anchor Bolts


(PSI)

90.05

15076

90.05

15076

56.36

15076

60.79

15076

01.17

15076

96.74

15076

all

mm2

-15.94
-15.94
8.09
12.42
12.85
8.52

U = Net Uplift Load


N = No. of Anchor Bolts
Ar = Required Bolt Area

nal pressure

N
W

=
=
=

2.000 m
4 Nos.
6 kN
200 lbs

13 mm2
539 mm2

(Uncorroded Root Area)

443 mm

(Corroded Root Area)

Jmin

25

ksi

0.98

in.

3.94

in.

1.06

in.

0.45

kips

0.151 in.

(AISI E-1)

3.8

mm

0.551 in.

14

mm

}+{0.031/(Rt)0.5}]
=

1/[{.177am(m/t)2/(Rt)0.5}+1]

6.00

in.

6.00

in.

35.55

in.

0.472

in.

0.236

in.

3.74

in.

21.51

ksi

0.04 ( h - C ) or 1/2"
0.218 in.
14 mm

=
=

5.5 mm
0.551 in.

600mm)

1.20

kN/m2

2.60

m2

WL = Lr x Ar

3.12

kN

=xD

5.69

= WL / C

0.55

kN/m

1.38

kN

1.35

kN

5.42

kN

24.02

kN

30.83

kN

5.42

kN/m

kN

3282

kgs

kN

3990

kgs

kN

4835

kgs

4.73

kN

0.45

kN/m

4.59

kN-m

W r + Ws + W a

kN/m2
kN/m2

0.52

kN/m

5.40

kN-m

5.30

kN

kN/m
kN/m
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN
kN/m
kN-m
kN
kN/m
kN-m

AS THE TOTAL HIGHT OF THE STORAGE TANK IS 12 M WE DIVIDED


THIS TANK INTO 6 COURSES OF WIDTH OF 2000 mm EACH
CALCULATIONS OF THE SHELL THICKNESS FOR COURSE 1
As per chapter 3, clause 3.6.1.1, the shell thickness for tanks with nominal tank
diameter less than 15 m shall not be less than 5 mm.
The required minimum thickness of shell plates shall be the greater of the values computed
by the following formulas (As per Appendix S, clause S.3.2)
t

Design Shell Thickness

4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)G + CA


(Sd) (E)

Hydrostatic Test Thickness

4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)


(St) (E)

td = Design shell thickness, mm


tt = Hydrostatic test shell thickness, mm

6.5159
4.8451

G = Specific Gravity of Fluid to be Stored


D = Nominal Dia. of Tank
HL1 = Design Liquid Level

=
=

mm
mm

1
14.008

12

=
=

CA = Corrosion Allowance
Sd = Allowable Stress for Design Condition =
St = Allowable Stress for Hydrostatic condition
=

m
mm

145

MPa

195

E = Weld Joint Efficiency

0.85

MPa
Table S4

0.85
Width of course

W1

(including curb angle)

HL1

Design Height for Shell Course


Design Shell Thickness

td
tt

Hydrostatic Test Thickness


The designed thickness of the course 1

Shell Plates Weight Summary


Shell Course
Shell Width, m
Shell Thickness, mm (Uncorroded)
Shell Thickness, mm (Corroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Uncorroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Corroded)
Shell Internal Diameter
m
Shell External Diameter
m
Mean Diamter of the Shell course m

Di
Do
D

=
=
=
=
=

12

6.515851

mm

4.84512

mm

mm

1
2.00
8.00
8.00
2.75
2.75
14
14.016
14.008

CALCULATIONS OF THE SHELL THICKNESS FOR COURSE 2


As per chapter 3, clause 3.6.1.1, the shell thickness for tanks with nominal tank
diameter less than 15 m shall not be less than 5 mm.
The required minimum thickness of shell plates shall be the greater of the values computed
by the following formulas (As per Appendix S, clause S.3.2)
Design Shell Thickness

Hydrostatic Test Thickness

=
=

4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)G + CA


(Sd) (E)
4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)
(St) (E)

td = Design shell thickness, mm

5.3989

mm

tt = Hydrostatic test shell thickness, mm

4.0146

mm

G = Specific Gravity of Fluid to be Stored


D = Nominal Dia. of Tank
HL1 = Design Liquid Level

=
=

=
=

14

10

CA = Corrosion Allowance
Sd = Allowable Stress for Design Condition =
St = Allowable Stress for Hydrostatic condition
=

m
mm

145

MPa

195

E = Weld Joint Efficiency

0.85

MPa
Table S4

0.85
Width of course

W1

(including curb angle)

HL1

Design Height for Shell Course


Design Shell Thickness

td
tt

Hydrostatic Test Thickness


The designed thickness of the course 2

Shell Plates Weight Summary


Shell Course
Shell Width, m
Shell Thickness, mm (Uncorroded)
Shell Thickness, mm (Corroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Uncorroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Corroded)
Shell Internal Diameter
m
Shell External Diameter
m
Mean Diamter of the Shell course m

Di
Do
D

=
=
=
=
=

10

5.398945

mm

4.0146

mm

mm

1
2.00
6.00
6.00
2.06
2.06
14
14.012
14.006

CALCULATIONS OF THE SHELL THICKNESS FOR COURSE 3


As per chapter 3, clause 3.6.1.1, the shell thickness for tanks with nominal tank
diameter less than 15 m shall not be less than 5 mm.
The required minimum thickness of shell plates shall be the greater of the values computed
by the following formulas (As per Appendix S, clause S.3.2)
Design Shell Thickness

Hydrostatic Test Thickness

=
=

4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)G + CA


(Sd) (E)
4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)
(St) (E)

td = Design shell thickness, mm

4.2858

mm

tt = Hydrostatic test shell thickness, mm

3.1868

mm

G = Specific Gravity of Fluid to be Stored


D = Nominal Dia. of Tank
HL1 = Design Liquid Level

=
=

=
=

14

CA = Corrosion Allowance
Sd = Allowable Stress for Design Condition =
St = Allowable Stress for Hydrostatic condition
=

m
mm

145

MPa

195

E = Weld Joint Efficiency

0.85

MPa
Table S4

0.85
Width of course

W1

(including curb angle)

HL1

Design Height for Shell Course


Design Shell Thickness

td
tt

Hydrostatic Test Thickness


The designed thickness of the course 2

Shell Plates Weight Summary


Shell Course
Shell Width, m
Shell Thickness, mm (Uncorroded)
Shell Thickness, mm (Corroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Uncorroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Corroded)
Shell Internal Diameter
m
Shell External Diameter
m
Mean Diamter of the Shell course m

Di
Do
D

=
=
=
=
=

4.285761

mm

3.186848

mm

mm

1
2.00
6.00
6.00
2.06
2.06
14
14.012
14.006

AS THE TOTAL HIGHT OF THE STORAGE TANK IS 12 M WE DIVIDED


THIS TANK INTO 6 COURSES OF WIDTH OF 2000 mm EACH
CALCULATIONS OF THE SHELL THICKNESS FOR COURSE 4
As per chapter 3, clause 3.6.1.1, the shell thickness for tanks with nominal tank
diameter less than 15 m shall not be less than 5 mm.
The required minimum thickness of shell plates shall be the greater of the values computed
by the following formulas (As per Appendix S, clause S.3.2)
Design Shell Thickness

Hydrostatic Test Thickness

=
=

4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)G + CA


(Sd) (E)
4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)
(St) (E)

td = Design shell thickness, mm

2.6591

mm

tt = Hydrostatic test shell thickness, mm

2.3591

mm

G = Specific Gravity of Fluid to be Stored


D = Nominal Dia. of Tank
HL1 = Design Liquid Level

=
=

=
=

14

CA = Corrosion Allowance
Sd = Allowable Stress for Design Condition =
St = Allowable Stress for Hydrostatic condition
=

m
mm

173

MPa

195

E = Weld Joint Efficiency

0.85

MPa
Table S4

0.85
Width of course

W1

(including curb angle)

HL1

Design Height for Shell Course


Design Shell Thickness

td
tt

Hydrostatic Test Thickness


The designed thickness of the course 2

Shell Plates Weight Summary


Shell Course
Shell Width, m
Shell Thickness, mm (Uncorroded)
Shell Thickness, mm (Corroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Uncorroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Corroded)
Shell Internal Diameter
m
Shell External Diameter
m
Mean Diamter of the Shell course m

Di
Do
D

=
=
=
=
=

2.659096

mm

2.359095

mm

mm

1
2.00
4.00
4.00
1.37
1.37
14
14.012
14.006

AS THE TOTAL HIGHT OF THE STORAGE TANK IS 12 M WE DIVIDED


THIS TANK INTO 6 COURSES OF WIDTH OF 2000 mm EACH
CALCULATIONS OF THE SHELL THICKNESS FOR COURSE 5
As per chapter 3, clause 3.6.1.1, the shell thickness for tanks with nominal tank
diameter less than 15 m shall not be less than 5 mm.
The required minimum thickness of shell plates shall be the greater of the values computed
by the following formulas (As per Appendix S, clause S.3.2)
Design Shell Thickness

Hydrostatic Test Thickness

=
=

4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)G + CA


(Sd) (E)
4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)
(St) (E)

td = Design shell thickness, mm

1.7261

mm

tt = Hydrostatic test shell thickness, mm

1.5313

mm

G = Specific Gravity of Fluid to be Stored


D = Nominal Dia. of Tank
HL1 = Design Liquid Level

=
=

=
=

14

CA = Corrosion Allowance
Sd = Allowable Stress for Design Condition =
St = Allowable Stress for Hydrostatic condition
=

m
mm

173

MPa

195

E = Weld Joint Efficiency

0.85

MPa
Table S4

0.85
Width of course

W1

(including curb angle)

HL1

Design Height for Shell Course


Design Shell Thickness

td
tt

Hydrostatic Test Thickness


The designed thickness of the course 2

Shell Plates Weight Summary


Shell Course
Shell Width, m
Shell Thickness, mm (Uncorroded)
Shell Thickness, mm (Corroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Uncorroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Corroded)
Shell Internal Diameter
m
Shell External Diameter
m
Mean Diamter of the Shell course m

Di
Do
D

=
=
=
=
=

1.72608

mm

1.531342

mm
mm

1
2.00
4.00
4.00
1.37
1.37
14
14.012
14.006

AS THE TOTAL HIGHT OF THE STORAGE TANK IS 12 M WE DIVIDED


THIS TANK INTO 6 COURSES OF WIDTH OF 2000 mm EACH
CALCULATIONS OF THE SHELL THICKNESS FOR COURSE 6
As per chapter 3, clause 3.6.1.1, the shell thickness for tanks with nominal tank
diameter less than 15 m shall not be less than 5 mm.
The required minimum thickness of shell plates shall be the greater of the values computed
by the following formulas (As per Appendix S, clause S.3.2)
Design Shell Thickness

Hydrostatic Test Thickness

=
=

4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)G + CA


(Sd) (E)
4.9D (HL1 - 0.3)
(St) (E)

td = Design shell thickness, mm

0.7931

mm

tt = Hydrostatic test shell thickness, mm

0.7036

mm

G = Specific Gravity of Fluid to be Stored


D = Nominal Dia. of Tank
HL1 = Design Liquid Level

=
=
=
=

1
14

CA = Corrosion Allowance
Sd = Allowable Stress for Design Condition =
St = Allowable Stress for Hydrostatic condition
=

m
mm

173

MPa

195

E = Weld Joint Efficiency

0.85

MPa
Table S4

0.85
Width of course

W1

(including curb angle)

HL1

Design Height for Shell Course


Design Shell Thickness

td
tt

Hydrostatic Test Thickness

=
=
=
=

0.793064

mm

0.70359

mm

The designed thickness of the course

Shell Plates Weight Summary


Shell Course
Shell Width, m
Shell Thickness, mm (Uncorroded)
Shell Thickness, mm (Corroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Uncorroded)
Shell Weight, kN (Corroded)
Shell Internal Diameter
m
Shell External Diameter
m
Mean Diamter of the Shell course m

Di
Do
D

1
2.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
14
14.012
14.006

BOTTOM PLATE DESIGN

ACCORDING TO THE API 650 CLAUSE 5.4.1 ALL BOTTOM PLATES SHALL HAVE NOMINAL
MINIMUM THICKNESS OF 6 MM (0.236 INCH) EXCLUSIVE OF ANY CORROSION ALLOWANCE
AND SHELL HAVE MINIMUM NOMIAL WIDTH OF 1800 MM.
TOP WIND GIRDER
ACCORDING TO API 650 CLAUSE 5.9.6.1 THE REQUIRED SECTION MODULUS OF
STIFFENING RING SHALL BE DETERMINED BY THE FOLLOWING EQUATION
Z=(D H2/17)* (V/190)
WHERE Z= REQUIRED MINIMUM SECTION MODULUS
D= NOMINAL TANK DIAMETER
=
14.008 METERS
H2 HIGHT OF THE TANK
=
12 METERS
V= DESIGN SPEED OF THE WIND (3-SEC GUST)
165 KM/HOUR
Z

104.4589

cm

cm

INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS


according to clause 5.9.7.1 of API 650, the maximum hight of the unstiffened shel shall be
calculated as follows:
as
H1 = 9.47 * t * ((t/D))^0.5 * (190/V)
WHERE
H1= VERTICAL DISTANCE IN M, BETWEEN THE INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDER AND
TOP ANLE OF THE SHELL (meters)
H1
=
21.12045
m
t = AS ORDERED THICKNESS UNLESS OR OTHER WISE SPECIFIED OF THE
THINNEST SHELL COURSE(mm)
t
=
6
mm
D = NOMINAL SHELL DIAMETER (m)
=
14.008
m
V = DESIGN WIND SPEED (3- sec - gust)
=
165 km/hr
H1

21.12045 meters

TRANSFORMED SHELL
acoording to the clause no: 5.9.7.2 after calculating the maximum hight of the unstiffened shell
H1 is detrmined the hight of the transformed shell has to be determined accorging to the following
method:
(A)
with the following equation change the actual width with each of the shell course into transposed
width of eachshell course having the top shell thickness

Wtr = W((tuniform)/(t actual))^(5/2)


where
Wtr = transposed width of the the each shell course (mm)
=
mm
W = actual width of th shell course (mm)
=
mm
t uniform = as ordered thickness of the thinest shell course (mm)
=
mm
t actual = as ordered thickness of the shell course for which transposed width has to be calculated
=
mm

For course 1 having thickness 8 mm recommended


Wtr = W((tuniform)/(t actual))^(5/2)
Wtr
W
t uniform
t actual

=
=
=
=

974.2786
2000
6
8

mm
mm
mm
mm

all courses from 2 to 6 having thickness of 6 mm recommended


Wtr
W
t uniform
t actual

=
=
=
=

2000
2000
6
6

mm
mm
mm
mm

b. Add the transposed widths of the courses. The sum of the transposed widths of the courses
widths of the courses will give the hight of the transpormed shell
H transfmd =
10974.28
mm
10.97428 meters
as the transformed hight is smaller than the hight of the unstiffened shell there is no need to have
a stiffner ring or intermediate wind girder is not required

TANK CONICAL ROOF

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